自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune diseases,AID)病情复杂、病程漫长,大多需要长期用药。传统治疗药物长期使用不仅有耐药倾向,且存在一定不良反应,临床迫切需要高效低毒的替代药物。本文对近20年国内青蒿素衍生物(artemisinin and its deriva...自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune diseases,AID)病情复杂、病程漫长,大多需要长期用药。传统治疗药物长期使用不仅有耐药倾向,且存在一定不良反应,临床迫切需要高效低毒的替代药物。本文对近20年国内青蒿素衍生物(artemisinin and its derivatives,ARTs)治疗自身免疫性疾病研究文献进行了知识图谱可视化分析。我国ARTs治疗AID相关领域初步形成少数研究团队,研究方式多为基础医学实验,研究内容聚焦在该类药物对类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)等疾病疗效作用机制方面。研究发现ARTs对AID发生发展过程中的多个环节均有干预作用,包括免疫细胞功能紊乱、炎症通路异常激活、组织细胞异常分化等。ARTs在治疗AID中展现出了强大的治疗潜力,有望成为治疗AID的新型药物。目前研究尚局限于机制探索、基础实验干预等,相关临床研究亟待开展以验证其有效性与安全性。展开更多
为解决临床医学量表数据类别不均衡容易对模型产生影响,以及在处理量表数据任务时深度学习框架性能难以媲美传统机器学习方法问题,提出了一种基于级联欠采样的Transformer网络模型(layer by layer Transformer,LLT)。LLT通过级联欠采样...为解决临床医学量表数据类别不均衡容易对模型产生影响,以及在处理量表数据任务时深度学习框架性能难以媲美传统机器学习方法问题,提出了一种基于级联欠采样的Transformer网络模型(layer by layer Transformer,LLT)。LLT通过级联欠采样方法对多数类数据逐层删减,实现数据类别平衡,降低数据类别不均衡对分类器的影响,并利用注意力机制对输入数据的特征进行相关性评估实现特征选择,细化特征提取能力,改善模型性能。采用类风湿关节炎(RA)数据作为测试样本,实验证明,在不改变样本分布的情况下,提出的级联欠采样方法对少数类别的识别率增加了6.1%,与常用的NEARMISS和ADASYN相比,分别高出1.4%和10.4%;LLT在RA量表数据的准确率和F 1-score指标上达到了72.6%和71.5%,AUC值为0.89,mAP值为0.79,性能超过目前RF、XGBoost和GBDT等主流量表数据分类模型。最后对模型过程进行可视化,分析了影响RA的特征,对RA临床诊断具有较好的指导意义。展开更多
Spiritual demand as one of the basic requirements of human, has more important significance for the elderly group. Descriptive statistic analysis shows that in the CLHLS, the elderly spiritual demand and supply is in ...Spiritual demand as one of the basic requirements of human, has more important significance for the elderly group. Descriptive statistic analysis shows that in the CLHLS, the elderly spiritual demand and supply is in a state of disequilibrium in our country, supply is far less than demand. The main factors of restricting the old people＇s spiritual need are not being met, including economic factors, intergenerational relations factors, emotional factors and the particularity of spiritual demand, etc. So we need to change our ideas, with the demand of the old structure and strength, by constructing a complete supply system of family, society and government to strengthen for the supply of the spiritual needs of old people, so that the elderly would be happy during his or her later lives.展开更多
文摘自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune diseases,AID)病情复杂、病程漫长,大多需要长期用药。传统治疗药物长期使用不仅有耐药倾向,且存在一定不良反应,临床迫切需要高效低毒的替代药物。本文对近20年国内青蒿素衍生物(artemisinin and its derivatives,ARTs)治疗自身免疫性疾病研究文献进行了知识图谱可视化分析。我国ARTs治疗AID相关领域初步形成少数研究团队,研究方式多为基础医学实验,研究内容聚焦在该类药物对类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)等疾病疗效作用机制方面。研究发现ARTs对AID发生发展过程中的多个环节均有干预作用,包括免疫细胞功能紊乱、炎症通路异常激活、组织细胞异常分化等。ARTs在治疗AID中展现出了强大的治疗潜力,有望成为治疗AID的新型药物。目前研究尚局限于机制探索、基础实验干预等,相关临床研究亟待开展以验证其有效性与安全性。
文摘为解决临床医学量表数据类别不均衡容易对模型产生影响,以及在处理量表数据任务时深度学习框架性能难以媲美传统机器学习方法问题,提出了一种基于级联欠采样的Transformer网络模型(layer by layer Transformer,LLT)。LLT通过级联欠采样方法对多数类数据逐层删减,实现数据类别平衡,降低数据类别不均衡对分类器的影响,并利用注意力机制对输入数据的特征进行相关性评估实现特征选择,细化特征提取能力,改善模型性能。采用类风湿关节炎(RA)数据作为测试样本,实验证明,在不改变样本分布的情况下,提出的级联欠采样方法对少数类别的识别率增加了6.1%,与常用的NEARMISS和ADASYN相比,分别高出1.4%和10.4%;LLT在RA量表数据的准确率和F 1-score指标上达到了72.6%和71.5%,AUC值为0.89,mAP值为0.79,性能超过目前RF、XGBoost和GBDT等主流量表数据分类模型。最后对模型过程进行可视化,分析了影响RA的特征,对RA临床诊断具有较好的指导意义。
文摘Spiritual demand as one of the basic requirements of human, has more important significance for the elderly group. Descriptive statistic analysis shows that in the CLHLS, the elderly spiritual demand and supply is in a state of disequilibrium in our country, supply is far less than demand. The main factors of restricting the old people＇s spiritual need are not being met, including economic factors, intergenerational relations factors, emotional factors and the particularity of spiritual demand, etc. So we need to change our ideas, with the demand of the old structure and strength, by constructing a complete supply system of family, society and government to strengthen for the supply of the spiritual needs of old people, so that the elderly would be happy during his or her later lives.
