Paralytic shellfi sh poisoning(PSP)microalgae,as one of the harmful algal blooms,causes great damage to the of fshore fi shery,marine culture,and marine ecological environment.At present,there is no technique for real...Paralytic shellfi sh poisoning(PSP)microalgae,as one of the harmful algal blooms,causes great damage to the of fshore fi shery,marine culture,and marine ecological environment.At present,there is no technique for real-time accurate identifi cation of toxic microalgae,by combining three-dimensional fluorescence with machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),we developed methods to classify the PSP and non-PSP microalgae.The average classifi cation accuracies of these two methods for microalgae are above 90%,and the accuracies for discriminating 12 microalgae species in PSP and non-PSP microalgae are above 94%.When the emission wavelength is 650-690 nm,the fl uorescence characteristics bands(excitation wavelength)occur dif ferently at 410-480 nm and 500-560 nm for PSP and non-PSP microalgae,respectively.The identification accuracies of ML models(support vector machine(SVM),and k-nearest neighbor rule(k-NN)),and DL model(convolutional neural network(CNN))to PSP microalgae are 96.25%,96.36%,and 95.88%respectively,indicating that ML and DL are suitable for the classifi cation of toxic microalgae.展开更多
Pigs are globally farmed animals which provide protein for human consumption in the form of skeletal muscle. To better understand the function of long intergenic noncoding RNAs(linc RNAs) in porcine skeletal muscle gr...Pigs are globally farmed animals which provide protein for human consumption in the form of skeletal muscle. To better understand the function of long intergenic noncoding RNAs(linc RNAs) in porcine skeletal muscle growth and development, we collected RNA-seq data from porcine longissimus dorsi muscle(LDM) during embryonic development. We identified a total of 739 linc RNA transcripts, which were distributed on all chromosomes except the chromosome Y, and analyzed their molecular characteristics. Compared to protein-coding genes, linc RNAs showed shorter transcripts, longer exons, fewer exons and higher tissue specificity. In addition, the abundance of linc RNAs in five embryonic development stages were analyzed and 45 differentially expressed linc RNAs were screened, three of which were highly expressed in LDM during porcine embryonic development. Finally, we predicted the potential target genes and functions of the linc RNAs, and identified 1 537 cis-target genes and 8 571 trans-target genes. Furthermore, we identified two key candidate linc RNAs involved in muscle development, XLOC_024652 and XLOC_001832, for post-trial validation. Our results provide a genome-wide resource of linc RNAs which are potentially involved in porcine embryonic skeletal muscle development and lay a foundation for the further study of their functions.展开更多
The retromer complex,composed of the cargo-selective complex(CSC)Vps35-Vps29-Vps26 in complex with the sorting nexin dimer Vps5-Vps17,mediates the sorting and retrograde transport of cargo proteins from the endosomes ...The retromer complex,composed of the cargo-selective complex(CSC)Vps35-Vps29-Vps26 in complex with the sorting nexin dimer Vps5-Vps17,mediates the sorting and retrograde transport of cargo proteins from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network in eukaryotic cells.Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of small GTPases and regulate many trafficking events including vesicle formation,budding,transport,tethering,docking and fusion with target membranes.Herein,we investigated the potential functional relationship between the retromer complex and the 11 Rab proteins that exist in Fusarium graminearum using genetic and high-resolution laser confocal microscopic approaches.We found that only FgRab5(FgRab5A and FgRab5B)and FgRab7 associate with the retromer complex.Both FgVps35-GFP and FgVps17-GFP are mis-localized and appear diffused in the cytoplasm ofΔFgrab5A,ΔFgrab5B andΔFgrab7 mutants as compared to their punctate localization within the endosomes of the wild-type.FgRab7 and FgRab5B were found to co-localize with the retromer on endosomal membranes.Most strikingly,we found that these three Rab GTPases are indispensable for endosome biogenesis as both early and late endosomes could not be detected in the cells of the mutants after FM4-64 staining of the cells,while they were very clearly seen in the wild-type PH-1.Furthermore,FgRab7 was found to recruit FgVps35 but not FgVps17 to the endosomal membranes,whereas FgRab5B recruits both FgVps35 and FgVps17 to the membranes.Thus,we conclude that the Rab proteins FgRab5A,FgRab5B and FgRab7 play critical roles in the biogenesis of endosomes and in regulating retromer-mediated trafficking in F.graminearum.展开更多
Based on consumers'preferences.Al(artificial intelligence)recommendation automati-cally filters information,which provokes scholars'debate.Supporters believe that by analyzing the consumers'preferences,Al ...Based on consumers'preferences.Al(artificial intelligence)recommendation automati-cally filters information,which provokes scholars'debate.Supporters believe that by analyzing the consumers'preferences,Al recommendation enables consumers to choose products more quickly and at a lower cost.Critics deem that consumers are more easily trapped in information cocoons because of the use of Al recommendations.This reduces the possibility of consumers contacting a variety of commodities,thus lowering the con-sumer decision quality.Based on experiments.this paper discusses the moderating role of Al recommendation on the relationship between consumers'preferences and information cocoons.Moreover,it examines the relationship between information cocoons and con-sumer decision quality.The fndings are:Al recommendation strengthens consumers'preferences;consumers'preferences are positively correlated with information cocoons and further lead to the decline of consumers'decision quality.In the Al era.this paper contributes to revealing the dark sides of AI recommendation and provides empirical evidence for the regulation of Al behaviors.展开更多
Fungi play an important role in soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission in many agricultural soil systems.However,the effect of fungi on N_(2)O emission in Chinese milk vetch(CMV)-containing soils has not been examined suf...Fungi play an important role in soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission in many agricultural soil systems.However,the effect of fungi on N_(2)O emission in Chinese milk vetch(CMV)-containing soils has not been examined sufficiently.This study investigated the contribution of bacteria and fungi to soil N_(2)O emission in CMV-amended soils.We compared soils from an experimental field in the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences that had been treated with 30000 kg of CMV per 667 m2 per year with one that was not treated with CMV.We incubated soil using cycloheximide and streptomycin to differentiate fungal and bacterial N_(2)O emissions,respectively.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)was performed to investigate bacterial and fungal abundances in the two agricultural soil ecosystems.The contribution of fungi to soil N_(2)O emission in CMV-amended soils was greater than that in nonCMV-amended paddy soils,with fungi accounting for more than 56%of the emissions in CMVamended soils.Quantitative PCR showed that the ratio of the internal transcribed spacer to 16S rDNA was significantly higher in CMV-amended soils than in non-CMV-amended paddy soils.Furthermore,soil properties,such as pH(P<0.05)and NH_(4)^(+)concentration(P<0.05),significantly and negatively affected N_(2)O emission by fungi in soil,whereas the total organic carbon(P<0.05)and NO3–concentration(P<0.05)showed significant positive effects.Fungi may be important contributors to N_(2)O production in CMV-amended soils,which may create challenges for mitigating N_(2)O production.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41972244)partially supported by the Science and Technology Basic Resources Survey of the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2018FY100201)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2019YFC1407900)to Siyu GOUShuai ZHANGWenyu GANand Tianjiu JIANG。
文摘Paralytic shellfi sh poisoning(PSP)microalgae,as one of the harmful algal blooms,causes great damage to the of fshore fi shery,marine culture,and marine ecological environment.At present,there is no technique for real-time accurate identifi cation of toxic microalgae,by combining three-dimensional fluorescence with machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),we developed methods to classify the PSP and non-PSP microalgae.The average classifi cation accuracies of these two methods for microalgae are above 90%,and the accuracies for discriminating 12 microalgae species in PSP and non-PSP microalgae are above 94%.When the emission wavelength is 650-690 nm,the fl uorescence characteristics bands(excitation wavelength)occur dif ferently at 410-480 nm and 500-560 nm for PSP and non-PSP microalgae,respectively.The identification accuracies of ML models(support vector machine(SVM),and k-nearest neighbor rule(k-NN)),and DL model(convolutional neural network(CNN))to PSP microalgae are 96.25%,96.36%,and 95.88%respectively,indicating that ML and DL are suitable for the classifi cation of toxic microalgae.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601167, 31972537 and U1204326)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (182300410027)+1 种基金the Central Plains Technological Innovation Leading Talents Project of Henan Province, China (194200510022)the Nanhu Scholars Program of Xinyang Normal University, China。
文摘Pigs are globally farmed animals which provide protein for human consumption in the form of skeletal muscle. To better understand the function of long intergenic noncoding RNAs(linc RNAs) in porcine skeletal muscle growth and development, we collected RNA-seq data from porcine longissimus dorsi muscle(LDM) during embryonic development. We identified a total of 739 linc RNA transcripts, which were distributed on all chromosomes except the chromosome Y, and analyzed their molecular characteristics. Compared to protein-coding genes, linc RNAs showed shorter transcripts, longer exons, fewer exons and higher tissue specificity. In addition, the abundance of linc RNAs in five embryonic development stages were analyzed and 45 differentially expressed linc RNAs were screened, three of which were highly expressed in LDM during porcine embryonic development. Finally, we predicted the potential target genes and functions of the linc RNAs, and identified 1 537 cis-target genes and 8 571 trans-target genes. Furthermore, we identified two key candidate linc RNAs involved in muscle development, XLOC_024652 and XLOC_001832, for post-trial validation. Our results provide a genome-wide resource of linc RNAs which are potentially involved in porcine embryonic skeletal muscle development and lay a foundation for the further study of their functions.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772106)and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J06015).The funders had no role in the study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘The retromer complex,composed of the cargo-selective complex(CSC)Vps35-Vps29-Vps26 in complex with the sorting nexin dimer Vps5-Vps17,mediates the sorting and retrograde transport of cargo proteins from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network in eukaryotic cells.Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of small GTPases and regulate many trafficking events including vesicle formation,budding,transport,tethering,docking and fusion with target membranes.Herein,we investigated the potential functional relationship between the retromer complex and the 11 Rab proteins that exist in Fusarium graminearum using genetic and high-resolution laser confocal microscopic approaches.We found that only FgRab5(FgRab5A and FgRab5B)and FgRab7 associate with the retromer complex.Both FgVps35-GFP and FgVps17-GFP are mis-localized and appear diffused in the cytoplasm ofΔFgrab5A,ΔFgrab5B andΔFgrab7 mutants as compared to their punctate localization within the endosomes of the wild-type.FgRab7 and FgRab5B were found to co-localize with the retromer on endosomal membranes.Most strikingly,we found that these three Rab GTPases are indispensable for endosome biogenesis as both early and late endosomes could not be detected in the cells of the mutants after FM4-64 staining of the cells,while they were very clearly seen in the wild-type PH-1.Furthermore,FgRab7 was found to recruit FgVps35 but not FgVps17 to the endosomal membranes,whereas FgRab5B recruits both FgVps35 and FgVps17 to the membranes.Thus,we conclude that the Rab proteins FgRab5A,FgRab5B and FgRab7 play critical roles in the biogenesis of endosomes and in regulating retromer-mediated trafficking in F.graminearum.
基金supported by the NSFC(72002088)jiangxi Natural Science Fund(20192BAB207010)+2 种基金Science and Technology Project Founded by the Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJ]190292)Graduate Innovative Special Fund Projects of jiangxi Province(YC2019 B090,YC2020-B138)Teaching Reform Research Project of Jiangxi Province Degree and Post-graduate Education (JXYJG-2020-085).
文摘Based on consumers'preferences.Al(artificial intelligence)recommendation automati-cally filters information,which provokes scholars'debate.Supporters believe that by analyzing the consumers'preferences,Al recommendation enables consumers to choose products more quickly and at a lower cost.Critics deem that consumers are more easily trapped in information cocoons because of the use of Al recommendations.This reduces the possibility of consumers contacting a variety of commodities,thus lowering the con-sumer decision quality.Based on experiments.this paper discusses the moderating role of Al recommendation on the relationship between consumers'preferences and information cocoons.Moreover,it examines the relationship between information cocoons and con-sumer decision quality.The fndings are:Al recommendation strengthens consumers'preferences;consumers'preferences are positively correlated with information cocoons and further lead to the decline of consumers'decision quality.In the Al era.this paper contributes to revealing the dark sides of AI recommendation and provides empirical evidence for the regulation of Al behaviors.
基金The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.31600425).
文摘Fungi play an important role in soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission in many agricultural soil systems.However,the effect of fungi on N_(2)O emission in Chinese milk vetch(CMV)-containing soils has not been examined sufficiently.This study investigated the contribution of bacteria and fungi to soil N_(2)O emission in CMV-amended soils.We compared soils from an experimental field in the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences that had been treated with 30000 kg of CMV per 667 m2 per year with one that was not treated with CMV.We incubated soil using cycloheximide and streptomycin to differentiate fungal and bacterial N_(2)O emissions,respectively.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)was performed to investigate bacterial and fungal abundances in the two agricultural soil ecosystems.The contribution of fungi to soil N_(2)O emission in CMV-amended soils was greater than that in nonCMV-amended paddy soils,with fungi accounting for more than 56%of the emissions in CMVamended soils.Quantitative PCR showed that the ratio of the internal transcribed spacer to 16S rDNA was significantly higher in CMV-amended soils than in non-CMV-amended paddy soils.Furthermore,soil properties,such as pH(P<0.05)and NH_(4)^(+)concentration(P<0.05),significantly and negatively affected N_(2)O emission by fungi in soil,whereas the total organic carbon(P<0.05)and NO3–concentration(P<0.05)showed significant positive effects.Fungi may be important contributors to N_(2)O production in CMV-amended soils,which may create challenges for mitigating N_(2)O production.
