The fungal communities in mushroom compost phase Ⅱ was assessed using a combination of PCR amplification and sequencing of 18S rDNA from fungal isolates and “nested” PCR TGGE analysis on the basis of DNA directly e...The fungal communities in mushroom compost phase Ⅱ was assessed using a combination of PCR amplification and sequencing of 18S rDNA from fungal isolates and “nested” PCR TGGE analysis on the basis of DNA directly extracted from compost samples. The diversity of cultivated fungi isolated from compost samples was low. A total of 11 isolates were related to only 2 different species. One species, Chaetomium elatum, was identified within 10 isolates, and the other, with high similarity belonged to Penicillium expansum. The fungal flora associated with mushroom compost was then monitored with “nested” PCR TGGE. The patterns obtained revealed the more complex existence of fungal communities from the original compost samples than from thoses enriched with food waste and cow slurry.展开更多
Optical logic gates call for materials with giant optical nonlinearity to break the current performance bottleneck.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)provide an intriguing route to achieve superior optical nonlinearity be...Optical logic gates call for materials with giant optical nonlinearity to break the current performance bottleneck.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)provide an intriguing route to achieve superior optical nonlinearity benefitting from structural diversity and design flexibility.However,the potential of MOFs for optoelectronics has been largely overlooked and their applications in optical logic have not been exploited.Here,through temporally manipulating the nonlinear optical absorption process in porphyrin-based MOFs,we have successfully developed AND and XOR logic gates with an ultrafast speed approaching 1 THz and an on–off ratio above 90%.On this basis,all-optical information encryption is further demonstrated using transmittance as primary codes,which shows vast prospects in avoiding the disclosure of security information.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first exploration of MOFs for applications in ultrafast optical logic devices and information encryption.展开更多
文摘The fungal communities in mushroom compost phase Ⅱ was assessed using a combination of PCR amplification and sequencing of 18S rDNA from fungal isolates and “nested” PCR TGGE analysis on the basis of DNA directly extracted from compost samples. The diversity of cultivated fungi isolated from compost samples was low. A total of 11 isolates were related to only 2 different species. One species, Chaetomium elatum, was identified within 10 isolates, and the other, with high similarity belonged to Penicillium expansum. The fungal flora associated with mushroom compost was then monitored with “nested” PCR TGGE. The patterns obtained revealed the more complex existence of fungal communities from the original compost samples than from thoses enriched with food waste and cow slurry.
基金This work was subsidized by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects(G 1999064800)the National Natural Science Foundation (2973414150103012) and SKLEP (0062).
基金supported by Science Challenge Project(no.TZ2018001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.11872058 and 21802036)Project of State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,and Southwest University of Science and Technology(21fksy07).
文摘Optical logic gates call for materials with giant optical nonlinearity to break the current performance bottleneck.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)provide an intriguing route to achieve superior optical nonlinearity benefitting from structural diversity and design flexibility.However,the potential of MOFs for optoelectronics has been largely overlooked and their applications in optical logic have not been exploited.Here,through temporally manipulating the nonlinear optical absorption process in porphyrin-based MOFs,we have successfully developed AND and XOR logic gates with an ultrafast speed approaching 1 THz and an on–off ratio above 90%.On this basis,all-optical information encryption is further demonstrated using transmittance as primary codes,which shows vast prospects in avoiding the disclosure of security information.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first exploration of MOFs for applications in ultrafast optical logic devices and information encryption.
