Up to present,the problem of the evaluation of fault diagnosability for nonlinear systems has been investigated by many researchers.However,no attempt has been done to evaluate the diagnosability of multiple faults oc...Up to present,the problem of the evaluation of fault diagnosability for nonlinear systems has been investigated by many researchers.However,no attempt has been done to evaluate the diagnosability of multiple faults occurring simultaneously for nonlinear systems.This paper proposes a method based on differential geometry theories to solve this problem.Then the evaluation of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is achieved.To deal with the effect of control laws on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability,a design scheme of the evaluation of fault diagnosability is proposed.Then the influence of uncertainties on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is analyzed.The numerical simulation results are obtained to show the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation scheme of fault diagnosability.展开更多
目的评价虚拟现实技术在口腔种植治疗培训中的应用效果。方法利用2018年11月于福建医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔种植科就诊的1例下颌右侧第一磨牙缺失成年患者(女性,36岁)颌骨锥形束CT数据和厂家提供的数据,建立下颌骨和...目的评价虚拟现实技术在口腔种植治疗培训中的应用效果。方法利用2018年11月于福建医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔种植科就诊的1例下颌右侧第一磨牙缺失成年患者(女性,36岁)颌骨锥形束CT数据和厂家提供的数据,建立下颌骨和种植外科手术工具三维虚拟模型,导入虚拟现实软件(Unity 3D 5.5.1),结合虚拟现实头戴式显示器,自主研发1套口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统。选取2018年9月至2019年12月于福建医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔种植科轮转的10名进修医师和20名研究生作为受训对象(均无种植临床经验),根据医师年资,将同年资医师分层随机分为虚拟培训组和常规培训对照组,每组15人,两组进行相应培训后进行主观评分(包括解剖结构、手术视野、窝洞预备、种植体就位和流程掌握),并使用口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统进行测试,分析培训前后种植体近远中向、颊舌向、深度及角度偏差并比较两组差异。结果虚拟培训组5个维度的主观评分均显著大于常规培训对照组(P<0.05)。虚拟培训组种植体根部近远中向、颊舌向、深度及角度偏差[分别为(0.73±0.33)、(0.78±0.41)、(0.61±0.32)mm和6.66°±3.87°]均显著小于常规培训对照组[分别为(0.85±0.32)、(1.12±0.38)、(0.89±0.24)mm及9.68°±3.74°](P<0.05)。结论本项研究自主研发的口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统应用效果良好,具有较好的可操作性和可预期性,可有效进行口腔种植治疗培训,强化医师口腔种植操作技能,有利于临床实践。展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2019J05024)the Education Department Foundation of Fujian Province,China(JAT170091).
文摘Up to present,the problem of the evaluation of fault diagnosability for nonlinear systems has been investigated by many researchers.However,no attempt has been done to evaluate the diagnosability of multiple faults occurring simultaneously for nonlinear systems.This paper proposes a method based on differential geometry theories to solve this problem.Then the evaluation of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is achieved.To deal with the effect of control laws on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability,a design scheme of the evaluation of fault diagnosability is proposed.Then the influence of uncertainties on the evaluation results of fault diagnosability for affine nonlinear systems with multiple faults occurring simultaneously is analyzed.The numerical simulation results are obtained to show the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation scheme of fault diagnosability.
文摘目的评价虚拟现实技术在口腔种植治疗培训中的应用效果。方法利用2018年11月于福建医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔种植科就诊的1例下颌右侧第一磨牙缺失成年患者(女性,36岁)颌骨锥形束CT数据和厂家提供的数据,建立下颌骨和种植外科手术工具三维虚拟模型,导入虚拟现实软件(Unity 3D 5.5.1),结合虚拟现实头戴式显示器,自主研发1套口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统。选取2018年9月至2019年12月于福建医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔种植科轮转的10名进修医师和20名研究生作为受训对象(均无种植临床经验),根据医师年资,将同年资医师分层随机分为虚拟培训组和常规培训对照组,每组15人,两组进行相应培训后进行主观评分(包括解剖结构、手术视野、窝洞预备、种植体就位和流程掌握),并使用口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统进行测试,分析培训前后种植体近远中向、颊舌向、深度及角度偏差并比较两组差异。结果虚拟培训组5个维度的主观评分均显著大于常规培训对照组(P<0.05)。虚拟培训组种植体根部近远中向、颊舌向、深度及角度偏差[分别为(0.73±0.33)、(0.78±0.41)、(0.61±0.32)mm和6.66°±3.87°]均显著小于常规培训对照组[分别为(0.85±0.32)、(1.12±0.38)、(0.89±0.24)mm及9.68°±3.74°](P<0.05)。结论本项研究自主研发的口腔种植虚拟现实培训系统应用效果良好,具有较好的可操作性和可预期性,可有效进行口腔种植治疗培训,强化医师口腔种植操作技能,有利于临床实践。