The solid-state medium containing pyrromethene 567 （PM567） in a polymethylmethacrylate polymer host is shown to lase under the flash lamp excitation. The experimental setup is an ordinary industrial product without ...The solid-state medium containing pyrromethene 567 （PM567） in a polymethylmethacrylate polymer host is shown to lase under the flash lamp excitation. The experimental setup is an ordinary industrial product without special design. The bulk transmission losses, the output energy, and the other lasing properties are compared. The medium with the lowest transmission loss, measured to be 0.392 %/cm at 633 nm, gives a laser output of 130 mJ with a slope efficiency of 0.082%.展开更多
A novel configuration of two Brillouin amplifiers, which contains a main amplifier combined with a reshaping amplifier, is suggested to control pulse shape of Stokes pulses with steep leading edge. Dependences of puls...A novel configuration of two Brillouin amplifiers, which contains a main amplifier combined with a reshaping amplifier, is suggested to control pulse shape of Stokes pulses with steep leading edge. Dependences of pulse shapes on several param- eters are numerically simulated. By changing the distance between the two amplifiers, the leading edge of amplified pulses can be finely adjusted. Smooth and symmetrical pulses or pulses with slow leading-edge are achieved. Theoretical re- searches prove that this system is fit for shaping pulses with steep leading edge, especially, for controlling leading edge of pulses. The results provide useful and necessary theoretical basis and guidance for the future experimental research.展开更多
为了探讨虫草菌丝(mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis,MCs)改善D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)诱导的肾小管上皮细胞衰老的作用和分子机制,将体外培养的大鼠近端肾小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E)分为正常组(normal group,N),模型组(D-gal model grou...为了探讨虫草菌丝(mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis,MCs)改善D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)诱导的肾小管上皮细胞衰老的作用和分子机制,将体外培养的大鼠近端肾小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E)分为正常组(normal group,N),模型组(D-gal model group,D),低剂量MCs组(low dose of MCs,L-MCs),中剂量MCs组(medium dose of MCs,M-MCs),高剂量MCs组(high dose of MCs,H-MCs),分别进行不同的干预。具体而言,N组加入1%胎牛血清(fetal bovine ser-um,FBS)1 m L;D组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal;L-MCs组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+20 mg·L^(-1)MCs;M-MCs组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+40 mg·L^(-1)MCs;H-MCs组加入100mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+80 mg·L^(-1)MCs。在干预后的24或48 h,首先,观察D-gal对NRK-52E细胞klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平,β-半乳糖苷酶(senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase,SA-β-gal)染色以及腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase,AMPK)/不协调的51类激酶1(uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1,ULK1)信号活性的影响;其次,观察MCs对NRK-52E细胞增殖活性的影响;最后,观察MCs对D-gal诱导的NRK-52E细胞klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平,SA-β-gal染色以及哺乳动物同族物微管相关蛋白1轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC3)和AMPK/ULK1信号活性的影响。结果表明,对于NRK-52E细胞,D-gal能引起衰老,并诱导磷酸化AMPK(phosphorylated-AMPK,p-AMPK)和磷酸化ULK1(phosphorylated-ULK1,p-ULK1)蛋白高表达,激活AMPK/ULK1信号通路;中、高剂量MCs与D-gal联合干预能明显改善klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平和SA-β-gal染色程度,具有抗细胞衰老的作用;此外,中、高剂量MCs与D-gal联合干预能明显改善LC3,p-AMPK,p-ULK1蛋白表达水平,抑制AMPK/ULK1信号活性,提高自噬水平。总之,对于D-gal诱导的肾小管上皮细胞衰老模型,MCs在体外有抗衰老的作用,并且,通过抑制自噬相关AMPK/ULK1信号活性而干预其衰老进程。这可能是MCs抗肾小管上皮细胞衰老的新的分子机制。展开更多
文摘The solid-state medium containing pyrromethene 567 （PM567） in a polymethylmethacrylate polymer host is shown to lase under the flash lamp excitation. The experimental setup is an ordinary industrial product without special design. The bulk transmission losses, the output energy, and the other lasing properties are compared. The medium with the lowest transmission loss, measured to be 0.392 %/cm at 633 nm, gives a laser output of 130 mJ with a slope efficiency of 0.082%.
文摘A novel configuration of two Brillouin amplifiers, which contains a main amplifier combined with a reshaping amplifier, is suggested to control pulse shape of Stokes pulses with steep leading edge. Dependences of pulse shapes on several param- eters are numerically simulated. By changing the distance between the two amplifiers, the leading edge of amplified pulses can be finely adjusted. Smooth and symmetrical pulses or pulses with slow leading-edge are achieved. Theoretical re- searches prove that this system is fit for shaping pulses with steep leading edge, especially, for controlling leading edge of pulses. The results provide useful and necessary theoretical basis and guidance for the future experimental research.
文摘为了探讨虫草菌丝(mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis,MCs)改善D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)诱导的肾小管上皮细胞衰老的作用和分子机制,将体外培养的大鼠近端肾小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E)分为正常组(normal group,N),模型组(D-gal model group,D),低剂量MCs组(low dose of MCs,L-MCs),中剂量MCs组(medium dose of MCs,M-MCs),高剂量MCs组(high dose of MCs,H-MCs),分别进行不同的干预。具体而言,N组加入1%胎牛血清(fetal bovine ser-um,FBS)1 m L;D组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal;L-MCs组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+20 mg·L^(-1)MCs;M-MCs组加入100 mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+40 mg·L^(-1)MCs;H-MCs组加入100mmol·L^(-1)D-gal+80 mg·L^(-1)MCs。在干预后的24或48 h,首先,观察D-gal对NRK-52E细胞klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平,β-半乳糖苷酶(senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase,SA-β-gal)染色以及腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase,AMPK)/不协调的51类激酶1(uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1,ULK1)信号活性的影响;其次,观察MCs对NRK-52E细胞增殖活性的影响;最后,观察MCs对D-gal诱导的NRK-52E细胞klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平,SA-β-gal染色以及哺乳动物同族物微管相关蛋白1轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC3)和AMPK/ULK1信号活性的影响。结果表明,对于NRK-52E细胞,D-gal能引起衰老,并诱导磷酸化AMPK(phosphorylated-AMPK,p-AMPK)和磷酸化ULK1(phosphorylated-ULK1,p-ULK1)蛋白高表达,激活AMPK/ULK1信号通路;中、高剂量MCs与D-gal联合干预能明显改善klotho,P27,P16蛋白表达水平和SA-β-gal染色程度,具有抗细胞衰老的作用;此外,中、高剂量MCs与D-gal联合干预能明显改善LC3,p-AMPK,p-ULK1蛋白表达水平,抑制AMPK/ULK1信号活性,提高自噬水平。总之,对于D-gal诱导的肾小管上皮细胞衰老模型,MCs在体外有抗衰老的作用,并且,通过抑制自噬相关AMPK/ULK1信号活性而干预其衰老进程。这可能是MCs抗肾小管上皮细胞衰老的新的分子机制。
