1 Introduction and Main Results In the study of hyperbolic metrics on 3-dimensional manifolds,Thurston(see[9],Chapter 13)introduced Thurston’s circle packing on surfaces,which allows the circles to intersects with no...1 Introduction and Main Results In the study of hyperbolic metrics on 3-dimensional manifolds,Thurston(see[9],Chapter 13)introduced Thurston’s circle packing on surfaces,which allows the circles to intersects with non-obtuse angles and is a natural generalization of the tangential circle packing studied by Andreev[1,2]and Koebe[6].Thurston further proved the Andreev-Thurston theorem.展开更多
Background Overexpression of breast cancer-specific gene 1 （SNCG） is associated with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the effects of SNCG knockdown in breast cancer ce...Background Overexpression of breast cancer-specific gene 1 （SNCG） is associated with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the effects of SNCG knockdown in breast cancer cells by using small hairpin RNA （shRNA）.Methods Four different SNCG shRNA oligonucleotides were designed and chemically synthesized to construct mammalian expression vectors. These vectors were then stably transfected into a breast cancer MCF-7 cell line to knockdown SNCG expression. After SNCG knockdown was confirmed, the stable cell lines were inoculated into nude mice. SNCG mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and immunohistochemistry, respectively in both the stable cell lines and xenografts.Results All four SNCG shRNA constructs significantly reduced SNCG mRNA and protein levels in MCF-7 cells, as compared to the unrelated sequence control shRNA and the liposome control mice （P〈0.05）. SNCG-knockdown MCF-7cells formed significantly smaller tumor masses than cells expressing the unrelated sequence control or the liposome control mice （P〈0.05）.Conclusion SNCG shRNA effectively suppressed breast cancer cell formation in vivo and may be a useful clinical strategy to control breast cancer展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10773002 and 10875012the National Fundamental Research Program of China under Grant No.2003CB716302
基金supported by NSF of Hunan Province(2018JJ2073)supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2017CFB681)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘1 Introduction and Main Results In the study of hyperbolic metrics on 3-dimensional manifolds,Thurston(see[9],Chapter 13)introduced Thurston’s circle packing on surfaces,which allows the circles to intersects with non-obtuse angles and is a natural generalization of the tangential circle packing studied by Andreev[1,2]and Koebe[6].Thurston further proved the Andreev-Thurston theorem.
文摘Background Overexpression of breast cancer-specific gene 1 （SNCG） is associated with poor prognosis in advanced breast cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the effects of SNCG knockdown in breast cancer cells by using small hairpin RNA （shRNA）.Methods Four different SNCG shRNA oligonucleotides were designed and chemically synthesized to construct mammalian expression vectors. These vectors were then stably transfected into a breast cancer MCF-7 cell line to knockdown SNCG expression. After SNCG knockdown was confirmed, the stable cell lines were inoculated into nude mice. SNCG mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and immunohistochemistry, respectively in both the stable cell lines and xenografts.Results All four SNCG shRNA constructs significantly reduced SNCG mRNA and protein levels in MCF-7 cells, as compared to the unrelated sequence control shRNA and the liposome control mice （P〈0.05）. SNCG-knockdown MCF-7cells formed significantly smaller tumor masses than cells expressing the unrelated sequence control or the liposome control mice （P〈0.05）.Conclusion SNCG shRNA effectively suppressed breast cancer cell formation in vivo and may be a useful clinical strategy to control breast cancer
