该研究以葵花籽为原料,考察了不同条件下的焙炒和微波加热两种热处理方式对压榨葵花籽油理化性质、营养成分和挥发性成分及感官评价的影响。结果表明,热处理能提高葵花籽的出油率,葵花籽油酸价逐渐升高,过氧化值先升高后降低。热处理后...该研究以葵花籽为原料,考察了不同条件下的焙炒和微波加热两种热处理方式对压榨葵花籽油理化性质、营养成分和挥发性成分及感官评价的影响。结果表明,热处理能提高葵花籽的出油率,葵花籽油酸价逐渐升高,过氧化值先升高后降低。热处理后油脂的颜色逐渐加深,色素含量增加,美拉德反应产物增多,生育酚含量有一定程度的增加。热处理后葵花籽油中醛类和吡嗪类物质显著提高。FTIR谱峰强度有细微变化。为了提高葵花籽油的品质,建议采用200℃15 min和720 W 6 min的焙炒和微波加热条件对葵花籽进行预处理。展开更多
Pharmacological, laser scanning confocal microscopic （LSCM）, and spectrophotographic approaches were used to study the roles of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） and nitric oxide （NO） in signaling transduction of stomatal ...Pharmacological, laser scanning confocal microscopic （LSCM）, and spectrophotographic approaches were used to study the roles of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） and nitric oxide （NO） in signaling transduction of stomatal movement in response to ethylene in Viciafaba L. Ethylene treatment resulted in the dose-dependent stomatal closure under light, and this effect was blocked by the inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis in V. faba L. Additionally, ethylene induces H2S generation and increases L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase （pyridoxalphosphate-dependent enzyme） activity in leaves of V. faba L. Inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis have no effect on the ethylene-induced stomatal closure, NO accumulation, and nitrate reductase （NR） activity in guard cells or leaves of II. faba L. Moreover, the ethylene-induced increase of H2S levels and L-/D- cysteine desulfhydrase activity declined when NO generation was inhibited. Therefore, we conclude that H2S and NO probably are involved in the signal transduction pathway of ethylene-induced stomatal closure. H2S may represent a novel component downstream of NO in the ethylene-induced stomatal movement in V. faba L.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） is an important signaling molecule in ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. Early studies on the sources of H2O2 mainly focused on NADPH oxidases and cell-wall peroxidas...Hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） is an important signaling molecule in ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. Early studies on the sources of H2O2 mainly focused on NADPH oxidases and cell-wall peroxidases. Here, we report the involvement of polyamine oxidases （PAOs） in ethylene-induced H2O2 production in guard cells. In Arabidopsis epidermal peels, application of PAO inhibitors caused the failure of ethylene to induce H2O2 production and stomatal closure. Results of quantitative RT-PCR analysis and pharmacological experiments showed that AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 transcripts and activities of PAOs were both induced by ethylene. In transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing AtPAO2 and AtPAO4, stomatal movement was more sensitive to ethylene treatment and H2O2 production was also significantly induced. The increased H2O2 production in the transgenic lines compared to the wild-type plants suggests that AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 probably are involved in ethylene-induced H2O2 production. Several factors which induce stomatal closure such as dehydration and high salinity all enhanced the expression of AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 to different degrees. Moreover, GFP- AtPAOs fusion protein localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell wall of the guard cells. Therefore, our results strongly indicated that PAO is a source of H2O2 generation in Arabidopsis guard cells and plays crucial roles in stomatal movement.展开更多
文摘该研究以葵花籽为原料,考察了不同条件下的焙炒和微波加热两种热处理方式对压榨葵花籽油理化性质、营养成分和挥发性成分及感官评价的影响。结果表明,热处理能提高葵花籽的出油率,葵花籽油酸价逐渐升高,过氧化值先升高后降低。热处理后油脂的颜色逐渐加深,色素含量增加,美拉德反应产物增多,生育酚含量有一定程度的增加。热处理后葵花籽油中醛类和吡嗪类物质显著提高。FTIR谱峰强度有细微变化。为了提高葵花籽油的品质,建议采用200℃15 min和720 W 6 min的焙炒和微波加热条件对葵花籽进行预处理。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970288 and 31170237)the National Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China(ZR2010CM024)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China(SKLPPBKF11001)
文摘Pharmacological, laser scanning confocal microscopic （LSCM）, and spectrophotographic approaches were used to study the roles of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） and nitric oxide （NO） in signaling transduction of stomatal movement in response to ethylene in Viciafaba L. Ethylene treatment resulted in the dose-dependent stomatal closure under light, and this effect was blocked by the inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis in V. faba L. Additionally, ethylene induces H2S generation and increases L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase （pyridoxalphosphate-dependent enzyme） activity in leaves of V. faba L. Inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis have no effect on the ethylene-induced stomatal closure, NO accumulation, and nitrate reductase （NR） activity in guard cells or leaves of II. faba L. Moreover, the ethylene-induced increase of H2S levels and L-/D- cysteine desulfhydrase activity declined when NO generation was inhibited. Therefore, we conclude that H2S and NO probably are involved in the signal transduction pathway of ethylene-induced stomatal closure. H2S may represent a novel component downstream of NO in the ethylene-induced stomatal movement in V. faba L.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30970228 and 31170237)the National Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2010CM024)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,China(SKLPPBKF11001)
文摘Hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） is an important signaling molecule in ethylene-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. Early studies on the sources of H2O2 mainly focused on NADPH oxidases and cell-wall peroxidases. Here, we report the involvement of polyamine oxidases （PAOs） in ethylene-induced H2O2 production in guard cells. In Arabidopsis epidermal peels, application of PAO inhibitors caused the failure of ethylene to induce H2O2 production and stomatal closure. Results of quantitative RT-PCR analysis and pharmacological experiments showed that AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 transcripts and activities of PAOs were both induced by ethylene. In transgenic Arabidopsis plants over-expressing AtPAO2 and AtPAO4, stomatal movement was more sensitive to ethylene treatment and H2O2 production was also significantly induced. The increased H2O2 production in the transgenic lines compared to the wild-type plants suggests that AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 probably are involved in ethylene-induced H2O2 production. Several factors which induce stomatal closure such as dehydration and high salinity all enhanced the expression of AtPAO2 and AtPAO4 to different degrees. Moreover, GFP- AtPAOs fusion protein localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell wall of the guard cells. Therefore, our results strongly indicated that PAO is a source of H2O2 generation in Arabidopsis guard cells and plays crucial roles in stomatal movement.
