目的采用Meta分析的方法评价右美托咪定滴鼻与水合氯醛口服在小儿中深度镇静中的效果。方法计算机检索Pubmed、EMBase、CENTRAL(2018年4期)、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据、中国知网和维普数据库,检索时间均...目的采用Meta分析的方法评价右美托咪定滴鼻与水合氯醛口服在小儿中深度镇静中的效果。方法计算机检索Pubmed、EMBase、CENTRAL(2018年4期)、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据、中国知网和维普数据库,检索时间均为建库至2019年1月5日,纳入小儿中深度镇静过程中以右美托咪定滴鼻与水合氯醛口服作为干预方法的随机对照研究(RCT),比较两种方法的中深度镇静成功概率、镇静起效时间和苏醒时间、呕吐和窦性心动过缓发生率。数据采用RevMan 5.3和Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项RCTs,1007例患儿。结果显示右美托咪定滴鼻组中深度镇静的成功率、窦性心动过缓的发生率均高于水合氯醛口服组(OR=2.55,95%CI:1.46~4.44,P<0.01;OR=4.42,95%CI:1.82~10.74,P<0.01);右美托咪定滴鼻组镇静后恢复时间、呕吐发生率均低于水合氯醛口服组(MD=-16.41,95%CI:-21.54^-11.28,P<0.01;OR=0.04,95%CI:0.01~0.17,P<0.01);而镇静起效时间指标两组比较差异无统计学意义(MD=-0.47,95%CI:-2.71~1.22,P=0.46)。结论右美托咪定滴鼻较传统的水合氯醛口服相比具有较高的镇静成功率,而且镇静后恢复快,呕吐发生率低。展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the superconvergence property of the numerical solution to a quadratic elliptic control problem by using mixed finite element methods.The state and co-state are approximated by the order k...In this paper,we investigate the superconvergence property of the numerical solution to a quadratic elliptic control problem by using mixed finite element methods.The state and co-state are approximated by the order k=1 Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control variable is approximated by piecewise constant functions.We prove the superconvergence error estimate of h3/2 in L2-norm between the approximated solution and the average L2 projection of the control.Moreover,by the postprocessing technique,a quadratic superconvergence result of the control is derived.展开更多
This paper considers the variational discretization for the constrained optimal control problem governed by linear parabolic equations.The state and co-state are approximated by RaviartThomas mixed finite element spac...This paper considers the variational discretization for the constrained optimal control problem governed by linear parabolic equations.The state and co-state are approximated by RaviartThomas mixed finite element spaces,and the authors do not discretize the space of admissible control but implicitly utilize the relation between co-state and control for the discretization of the control.A priori error estimates are derived for the state,the co-state,and the control.Some numerical examples are presented to confirm the theoretical investigations.展开更多
文摘目的采用Meta分析的方法评价右美托咪定滴鼻与水合氯醛口服在小儿中深度镇静中的效果。方法计算机检索Pubmed、EMBase、CENTRAL(2018年4期)、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据、中国知网和维普数据库,检索时间均为建库至2019年1月5日,纳入小儿中深度镇静过程中以右美托咪定滴鼻与水合氯醛口服作为干预方法的随机对照研究(RCT),比较两种方法的中深度镇静成功概率、镇静起效时间和苏醒时间、呕吐和窦性心动过缓发生率。数据采用RevMan 5.3和Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项RCTs,1007例患儿。结果显示右美托咪定滴鼻组中深度镇静的成功率、窦性心动过缓的发生率均高于水合氯醛口服组(OR=2.55,95%CI:1.46~4.44,P<0.01;OR=4.42,95%CI:1.82~10.74,P<0.01);右美托咪定滴鼻组镇静后恢复时间、呕吐发生率均低于水合氯醛口服组(MD=-16.41,95%CI:-21.54^-11.28,P<0.01;OR=0.04,95%CI:0.01~0.17,P<0.01);而镇静起效时间指标两组比较差异无统计学意义(MD=-0.47,95%CI:-2.71~1.22,P=0.46)。结论右美托咪定滴鼻较传统的水合氯醛口服相比具有较高的镇静成功率,而且镇静后恢复快,呕吐发生率低。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10971074)Foundation for Talent Introduction of Guangdong Provincial University,Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2008)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.20114407110009)
文摘In this paper,we investigate the superconvergence property of the numerical solution to a quadratic elliptic control problem by using mixed finite element methods.The state and co-state are approximated by the order k=1 Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element spaces and the control variable is approximated by piecewise constant functions.We prove the superconvergence error estimate of h3/2 in L2-norm between the approximated solution and the average L2 projection of the control.Moreover,by the postprocessing technique,a quadratic superconvergence result of the control is derived.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaunder Grant No.11271145Foundation for Talent Introduction of Guangdong Provincial University+3 种基金Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No.20114407110009the Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province under Grant No.2012KJCX0036supported by Hunan Education Department Key Project 10A117the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11126304 and 11201397
文摘This paper considers the variational discretization for the constrained optimal control problem governed by linear parabolic equations.The state and co-state are approximated by RaviartThomas mixed finite element spaces,and the authors do not discretize the space of admissible control but implicitly utilize the relation between co-state and control for the discretization of the control.A priori error estimates are derived for the state,the co-state,and the control.Some numerical examples are presented to confirm the theoretical investigations.
