采用BIOLOG-ECO (Ecology Plate,ECO)技术,探讨龙门山地震带——银厂沟地区杂木林、竹林和松树林3种植被类型对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响.结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,土壤微生物群落的平均颜色变化率(Average Well Color Developmen...采用BIOLOG-ECO (Ecology Plate,ECO)技术,探讨龙门山地震带——银厂沟地区杂木林、竹林和松树林3种植被类型对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响.结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,土壤微生物群落的平均颜色变化率(Average Well Color Development,AWCD)均呈"S"型曲线增长,但3种植被类型土壤的AWCD值在增长速率和最大值方面存在一定的差异性;碳水化合物类、氨基酸类、醇类和酯类碳源是土壤微生物群落主要利用的碳源类型;当培养0～144 h时,竹林微生物群落的多样性最高,其次是杂木林,松树林最低,当培养144～240 h时,杂木林微生物群落的多样性高于竹林,松树林最低.研究结果说明植被类型可以影响其土壤微生物群落的多样性,同时也为龙门山地震带土壤生态系统的恢复和重建提供了科学依据.展开更多
By using in situ daily observations in East China during 1961-2007 and NCEP reanalysis data, the methods of statistical analyses, urban minus rural and observation minus reanalysis, it is revealed that the observed cl...By using in situ daily observations in East China during 1961-2007 and NCEP reanalysis data, the methods of statistical analyses, urban minus rural and observation minus reanalysis, it is revealed that the observed climate change and surface warming in East China were mainly induced by urbanization. The results show that East China has experienced two warmer periods of 1930s and 1980s in the past century; from 1951 to 2007, the regional mean temperature increased at a rate of 0.14℃ per decade; heat waves happened in urban center more frequently, and local climate showed a warming and dry trend; there was no significant linear trend in regional mean precipitation in the past 50 years. Urbanization was a crucial element for the regional warming; about 44% of the warming was due to heat island effect in the mega city.展开更多
By using data of daily electricity consumption and temperature for the period 2003–2007 in Shanghai, the variation of energy consumption and the correlations between energy consumption and temperature are analyzed. T...By using data of daily electricity consumption and temperature for the period 2003–2007 in Shanghai, the variation of energy consumption and the correlations between energy consumption and temperature are analyzed. The results indicate that winter and summer are the two peak seasons of energy consumption due to the urban residential heating and cooling demand. The base temperature of electricity and daily temperature is 10℃ in winter and 22℃ in summer respectively. When the outdoor temperature is below 10℃, the heating demand becomes obvious, and with over 22℃ the cooling demand. The spatial distribution of cooling degree-days(CDD) and heating degree-days(HDD) clearly shows urbanization effects. By the influence of urbanization the central city experiences greater CDD in summer and lower HDD in winter. The projected temperature for 2011–2050 implies a significant increase in CDD and a decrease in HDD. This may have implications on the future energy demand if the current energy consumption pattern does not change.展开更多
以幼年期(10年以下)、挂果期(20年)和盛年期(40年以上)的银杏树根系土壤为研究对象,探讨银杏雌株树龄与土壤中细菌菌群结构的关系。运用Illumina Mi Seq平台测序分析幼年期、挂果期以及盛年期银杏树根系土壤细菌的16S r RNA V3~V4区变...以幼年期(10年以下)、挂果期(20年)和盛年期(40年以上)的银杏树根系土壤为研究对象,探讨银杏雌株树龄与土壤中细菌菌群结构的关系。运用Illumina Mi Seq平台测序分析幼年期、挂果期以及盛年期银杏树根系土壤细菌的16S r RNA V3~V4区变异序列,对不同年龄阶段银杏树雌株根系土壤细菌的菌群多样性和结构进行研究。银杏树雌株根系土壤共获得612219条微生物的16S r RNA有效基因序列,在97%的相似水平下共得到OTU个数为23294。热图分析表明,各个年龄段银杏树雌株的土壤细菌群落差异较大,不同年龄段优势属不同。据9个土壤样品的多样性指数分析得出,在3组年龄段银杏雌株的土壤样本中,幼年期Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Chao1指数以及ACE指数都是最大,而挂果期皆最小,表明幼年期银杏雌株土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最高,挂果期银杏土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最低。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)在土壤细菌群落中占绝对优势。挂果期和盛果期银杏雌株土壤中浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)及变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和相对丰度普遍低于幼年期,挂果期银杏树的土壤与盛果期银杏树的土壤中的放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的相对丰度明显高于幼年期银杏树的土壤。WS3在盛果期银杏土壤中的相对丰度最低。银杏树雌株树龄可对土壤细菌菌群的多样性及菌群结构产生影响。伴随着育种年限的增加,银杏雌株表层土壤中细菌多样性呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势,且银杏雌株树龄对其土壤细菌的多样性和结构有显著影响。展开更多
文摘采用BIOLOG-ECO (Ecology Plate,ECO)技术,探讨龙门山地震带——银厂沟地区杂木林、竹林和松树林3种植被类型对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响.结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,土壤微生物群落的平均颜色变化率(Average Well Color Development,AWCD)均呈"S"型曲线增长,但3种植被类型土壤的AWCD值在增长速率和最大值方面存在一定的差异性;碳水化合物类、氨基酸类、醇类和酯类碳源是土壤微生物群落主要利用的碳源类型;当培养0～144 h时,竹林微生物群落的多样性最高,其次是杂木林,松树林最低,当培养144～240 h时,杂木林微生物群落的多样性高于竹林,松树林最低.研究结果说明植被类型可以影响其土壤微生物群落的多样性,同时也为龙门山地震带土壤生态系统的恢复和重建提供了科学依据.
基金supported by the Climate Change Special Foundation of China Meteorological Administration(No.CCSF-09-10 and CCSF201202)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41001023)+1 种基金CAS Pilot Special Project (No.XDA05090204)Jiangsu Research and Innovation Program for Graduate Student (No.CXZZ12-0497)
文摘By using in situ daily observations in East China during 1961-2007 and NCEP reanalysis data, the methods of statistical analyses, urban minus rural and observation minus reanalysis, it is revealed that the observed climate change and surface warming in East China were mainly induced by urbanization. The results show that East China has experienced two warmer periods of 1930s and 1980s in the past century; from 1951 to 2007, the regional mean temperature increased at a rate of 0.14℃ per decade; heat waves happened in urban center more frequently, and local climate showed a warming and dry trend; there was no significant linear trend in regional mean precipitation in the past 50 years. Urbanization was a crucial element for the regional warming; about 44% of the warming was due to heat island effect in the mega city.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China (No. NSFC70933005)CAS Pilot Special Project (No. XDA05090204)China Clean Development Mechanism Fund (No. 1212117)
文摘By using data of daily electricity consumption and temperature for the period 2003–2007 in Shanghai, the variation of energy consumption and the correlations between energy consumption and temperature are analyzed. The results indicate that winter and summer are the two peak seasons of energy consumption due to the urban residential heating and cooling demand. The base temperature of electricity and daily temperature is 10℃ in winter and 22℃ in summer respectively. When the outdoor temperature is below 10℃, the heating demand becomes obvious, and with over 22℃ the cooling demand. The spatial distribution of cooling degree-days(CDD) and heating degree-days(HDD) clearly shows urbanization effects. By the influence of urbanization the central city experiences greater CDD in summer and lower HDD in winter. The projected temperature for 2011–2050 implies a significant increase in CDD and a decrease in HDD. This may have implications on the future energy demand if the current energy consumption pattern does not change.
文摘以幼年期(10年以下)、挂果期(20年)和盛年期(40年以上)的银杏树根系土壤为研究对象,探讨银杏雌株树龄与土壤中细菌菌群结构的关系。运用Illumina Mi Seq平台测序分析幼年期、挂果期以及盛年期银杏树根系土壤细菌的16S r RNA V3~V4区变异序列,对不同年龄阶段银杏树雌株根系土壤细菌的菌群多样性和结构进行研究。银杏树雌株根系土壤共获得612219条微生物的16S r RNA有效基因序列,在97%的相似水平下共得到OTU个数为23294。热图分析表明,各个年龄段银杏树雌株的土壤细菌群落差异较大,不同年龄段优势属不同。据9个土壤样品的多样性指数分析得出,在3组年龄段银杏雌株的土壤样本中,幼年期Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Chao1指数以及ACE指数都是最大,而挂果期皆最小,表明幼年期银杏雌株土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最高,挂果期银杏土壤的细菌菌群丰富度和多样性最低。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)在土壤细菌群落中占绝对优势。挂果期和盛果期银杏雌株土壤中浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)及变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和相对丰度普遍低于幼年期,挂果期银杏树的土壤与盛果期银杏树的土壤中的放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的相对丰度明显高于幼年期银杏树的土壤。WS3在盛果期银杏土壤中的相对丰度最低。银杏树雌株树龄可对土壤细菌菌群的多样性及菌群结构产生影响。伴随着育种年限的增加,银杏雌株表层土壤中细菌多样性呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势,且银杏雌株树龄对其土壤细菌的多样性和结构有显著影响。
