离子型稀土多孔注液湿润体单向交汇入渗特征及关系模型

离子型稀土矿主要采用原地浸矿法实施资源回收,合理设置注液孔网可有效提高浸矿均匀性和浸矿液渗流速度。而合理孔网参数设定与多孔注液入渗过程中湿润体和湿润峰变化特征密切相关。对不同间距单向交汇入渗试验和单孔入渗试验进行了对比和分析。结果表明:湿润体交汇前,两种试验的湿润峰运移曲线基本重合,湿润体形状近似为八分之一椭球体;湿润体交汇后,交汇处湿润峰比注液孔正下方湿润峰运移快,湿润体形状逐渐变成椭圆柱体,交汇作用明显加快注液孔正下方湿润峰的运移,提高浸矿速度和浸矿的均匀性。交汇处和注液孔正下方湿润峰运移距离与入渗时间的关系曲线符合幂函数变化规律。在入渗过程中,湿润体体积和累计入渗量有明显的线性关系,且注液孔间距越小,湿润体含水率越高。基于Green-Ampt模型和质量守恒定律推导了单向交汇入渗条件下湿润峰运移距离与入渗时间关系模型,模型与试验结果吻合度高。

Effect of ultraviolet mutagenesis on heterotrophic strain mutation and bioleaching of low grade copper ore

The effect of ultraviolet mutagenesis on a heterotrophic strain(Providencia JAT-1) mutation was studied and bioleaching of low grade copper ore with mutant bacteria was investigated. The results show that the activity of bacteria was improved after ultraviolet mutagenesis; the best irradiation time was 120 s. Compared to the original bacteria, the cells density of mutant bacteria at stationary phase increased by 26% and ammonia produced by mutant bacteria increased by 12%. Higher activity of bacteria leads to a higher copper extraction rate. The bioleaching performance of Providencia JAT-1 was improved after UV mutagenesis. The copper extraction rate with mutant bacteria increased by 10.6% compared to the original bacteria. The ore surface was corroded and the fine particles were absent after bioleaching. Free copper oxide and copper silicates could be leached out easily by using JAT-1; a small part of the copper sulfide can also be leached out. Bioleaching using JAT-1 is more effective than ammonia leaching and copper extraction rate with mutant bacteria was 21.1% higher than that by ammonia leaching under the same condition.

浸矿液pH对离子吸附型稀土浸出行为影响实验研究

为了探究浸矿液pH对离子吸附型稀土浸出行为的影响,从宏观和微观相结合的角度对离子吸附型稀土浸出行为进行了研究。实验采用不同pH硫酸镁溶液作为浸矿液对离子吸附型稀土进行室内模拟柱浸实验,同时采用核磁共振技术测定浸矿过程试样的横、纵两向反演图像及T2图谱、孔隙结构等参数,分析了不同pH(2~4.5)对离子吸附型稀土浸矿行为的影响规律。结果表明,当pH>2.5时,随浸矿液pH降低,稀土浸出率增加,浸矿过程中试样内部孔隙结构由大孔隙和超大孔隙向小中孔隙演化;当pH<2.5时,随浸矿液pH降低,稀土浸出率减小,浸矿过程中试样内部孔隙先由大孔隙和超大孔隙向小中孔隙演化,随着离子交换反应结束,小中孔隙又向大孔隙和超大孔隙演化。分析认为,这种差异是由于稀土矿体微细颗粒在孔隙表面沉积和释放动态转化过程导致,受离子置换反应引发浸矿液离子强度变化等因素影响。