OsMas1,a novel maspardin protein gene,confers tolerance to salt and drought stresses by regulating ABA signaling in rice

Drought and salt stresses,the major environmental abiotic stresses in agriculture worldwide,affect plant growth,crop productivity,and quality.Therefore,developing crops with higher drought and salt tolerance is highly desirable.This study reported the isolation,biological function,and molecular characterization of a novel maspardin gene,OsMas1,from rice.The OsMas1 protein was localized to the cytoplasm.The expression levels of OsMas1 were up-regulated under mannitol,PEG6000,NaCl,and abscisic acid(ABA) treatments in rice.The OsMas1 gene was introduced into the rice cultivar Zhonghua 11(wild type,WT).OsMas1-overexpression(OsMas1-OE) plants exhibited significantly enhanced salt and drought tolerance;in contrast,OsMas1-interference(OsMas1-RNAi) plants exhibited decreased tolerance to salt and drought stresses,compared with WT.OsMas1-OE plants exhibited enhanced hypersensitivity,while OsMas1-RNAi plants showed less sensitivity to exogenous ABA treatment at both germination and post-germination stages.ABA,proline and K+ contents and superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and photosynthesis activities were significantly increased.In contrast,malonaldehyde(MDA),hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),superoxide anion radical(O2-··),and Na+ contents were significantly decreased in OsMas1-OE plants compared with OsMas1-RNAi and WT plants.Overexpression of OsMas1 up-regulated the genes involved in ABA signaling,proline biosynthesis,reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging system,photosynthesis,and ion transport under salt and drought stresses.Our results indicate that the OsMas1 gene improves salt and drought tolerance in rice,which may serve as a candidate gene for enhancing crop resistance to abiotic stresses.

沙盘模型在园林设计类课程中的应用探讨

本文对沙盘模型在园林设计类课程中的应用进行了探讨。在设计类课程实践教学中及时融入沙盘模型制作,一方面能够积极调动学生的参与性、团队协作性,增强学生实际动手能力;另一方面能有效引导学生对园林景观空间要素的理解。通过课程作品展示,进一步激发学生对专业学习的兴趣及热情。

外源氯化胆碱对秋葵幼苗盐和干旱胁迫的缓解效应

秋葵是一种营养丰富的新型保健型蔬菜,研究秋葵的抗逆性具有重要意义。本试验通过发芽和苗期盆栽试验研究了盐、干旱胁迫下,外源氯化胆碱对秋葵幼苗生长和生理代谢的影响。结果显示,外源氯化胆碱能显著提高秋葵幼苗的耐盐性和抗旱性。在盐、干旱胁迫下,外源氯化胆碱显著提高秋葵植株的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,即162.21%、138.32%、73.32%、80.33%,同时提高秋葵植株的发芽率(40%);外源氯化胆碱处理秋葵植株的脯氨酸、相对水、可溶性糖和叶绿素的含显著增加,分别为157.23%、50.02%、125.96、52.30%,丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H 2O 2)的含量显著降低,分别为119.06%、213.57%。结果表明,外源氯化胆碱通过维持细胞渗透平衡,保护膜完整性,激活ROS清除系统,从而显著提高了秋葵植株的耐盐性和抗旱性。