The distribution of hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs) in the surface seawater and sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area were investigated in the present study. The concentrati...The distribution of hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs) in the surface seawater and sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area were investigated in the present study. The concentration of total HCHs and DDTs ranged from 2.98 to 14.87 ng L-1 and were < 0.032 ng L-1, respectively, in surface seawater, and ranged from 5.52 to 9.43 and from 4.11 to 6.72 ng g-1, respectively, in surface sediment. It was deduced from the composition profile of HCH isomers and DDT congeners that HCH residues derived from a mixture of technical-grade HCH and lindane whereas the DDT residues derived from technical-grade DDT and dicofol. Moreover, both HCH and DDT residues may mainly originate from historical inputs. The hazard quotient of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH to marine species was 0.030, 0.157, 3.008 and 0.008, respectively. It was estimated that the overall probability of adverse biological effect from HCHs was less than 5%, indicating that its risk to seawater column species was low. The threshold effect concentration exceeding frequency of γ-HCH, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT in sediment ranged from 8.3% to 100%, and the relative concentration of the HCH and DDT mixture exceeded their probable effect level in sediment. These findings indicated that the risk to marine benthos was high and potentially detrimental to the safety of aquatic products, e.g., sea cucumber and benthic shellfish.展开更多
为提高风电并网逆变器在同步旋转坐标系下dq轴电流的解耦效果及电网故障下母线电压的抗扰性能,提出一种新线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control,LADRC)的双闭环结构。根据风电并网逆变器的数学模型,得到传统的基...为提高风电并网逆变器在同步旋转坐标系下dq轴电流的解耦效果及电网故障下母线电压的抗扰性能,提出一种新线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control,LADRC)的双闭环结构。根据风电并网逆变器的数学模型,得到传统的基于PI控制的电压电流双闭环系统,分析电流内环控制在电流解耦中存在的局限性。将LADRC技术用于内环以削弱dq轴电流间的耦合,外环应用LADRC技术提高系统的抗扰性能。通过仿真对所提出的新型双闭环结构的控制性能进行验证,结果表明该控制结构在解耦效果、抗扰性能等方面均优于传统的PI双闭环结构。对大型风电机组并网的稳定性控制具有实际意义。展开更多
基金supported by the Marine Special Scientific Fund for the Non-profit Public Industry of China (200805031)Fund of Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province (LFE-20144)Scientific Research Foundation for the Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (No. 2013031)
文摘The distribution of hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes(DDTs) in the surface seawater and sediment of Jincheng Bay mariculture area were investigated in the present study. The concentration of total HCHs and DDTs ranged from 2.98 to 14.87 ng L-1 and were < 0.032 ng L-1, respectively, in surface seawater, and ranged from 5.52 to 9.43 and from 4.11 to 6.72 ng g-1, respectively, in surface sediment. It was deduced from the composition profile of HCH isomers and DDT congeners that HCH residues derived from a mixture of technical-grade HCH and lindane whereas the DDT residues derived from technical-grade DDT and dicofol. Moreover, both HCH and DDT residues may mainly originate from historical inputs. The hazard quotient of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH to marine species was 0.030, 0.157, 3.008 and 0.008, respectively. It was estimated that the overall probability of adverse biological effect from HCHs was less than 5%, indicating that its risk to seawater column species was low. The threshold effect concentration exceeding frequency of γ-HCH, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT in sediment ranged from 8.3% to 100%, and the relative concentration of the HCH and DDT mixture exceeded their probable effect level in sediment. These findings indicated that the risk to marine benthos was high and potentially detrimental to the safety of aquatic products, e.g., sea cucumber and benthic shellfish.
文摘为提高风电并网逆变器在同步旋转坐标系下dq轴电流的解耦效果及电网故障下母线电压的抗扰性能,提出一种新线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control,LADRC)的双闭环结构。根据风电并网逆变器的数学模型,得到传统的基于PI控制的电压电流双闭环系统,分析电流内环控制在电流解耦中存在的局限性。将LADRC技术用于内环以削弱dq轴电流间的耦合,外环应用LADRC技术提高系统的抗扰性能。通过仿真对所提出的新型双闭环结构的控制性能进行验证,结果表明该控制结构在解耦效果、抗扰性能等方面均优于传统的PI双闭环结构。对大型风电机组并网的稳定性控制具有实际意义。
