Reasonable nitrogen(N) application is a promising strategy for reducing crop cadmium(Cd) toxicity. However, the specific form of N and the required amount that affect Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice remain uncle...Reasonable nitrogen(N) application is a promising strategy for reducing crop cadmium(Cd) toxicity. However, the specific form of N and the required amount that affect Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice remain unclear. This study explored the influence of different N-fertilizer forms(NH_4NO_3, NH_4Cl, and KNO_3) and dosages on Cd tolerance and uptake in Cd-stressed N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica rice accessions. The results indicated that the Cd tolerance of N-sensitive indica accessions is more robust than that of N-insensitive ones. Furthermore, the shoot Cd content and Cd translocation rate in both N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica accessions decreased with an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, whereas they were comparable or slightly increased with increased KNO_3. Unfortunately, we did not find significant and regular differences in Cd accumulation or translocation between N-sensitive and N-insensitive rice accessions. Consistent with the reduction of shoot Cd content, the addition of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl also inhibited the instantaneous root Cd^(2+) uptake. The expression changes of Cd transport-related genes under different N forms and dosages suggested that the decreased shoot Cd content, caused by the increased supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, is likely achieved by reducing the transcription of OsNRAMP1 and OsIRT1. In summary, our findings reveal that an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl could reduce Cd uptake and transport in rice seedlings, suggesting that rational N management could reduce the Cd risk in rice production.展开更多
为优选小麦粉蛋白质近红外建模校正集,在传统K/S(Kennard/Stone)方法划分的初始校正集基础上采用二进制蜻蜓算法(binary dragonfly algorithm,BDA)挑选代表性样品,建立小麦粉蛋白质含量偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,...为优选小麦粉蛋白质近红外建模校正集,在传统K/S(Kennard/Stone)方法划分的初始校正集基础上采用二进制蜻蜓算法(binary dragonfly algorithm,BDA)挑选代表性样品,建立小麦粉蛋白质含量偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,PLSR)模型,并用预测集检验评估模型的稳定性及预测性能。结果表明:BDA挑选出的最佳校正集样品数量为30个,所建模型的预测决定系数(R_(p)^(2))为0.9564,预测标准偏差(root mean square errors of prediction,RMSEP)为0.2781,与传统K/S划分的100个初始校正集的建模效果(R_(p)^(2):0.9388,RMSEP:0.3294)相比,R_(p)^(2)提高了1.87%,RMSEP降低了15.57%。10次BDA实验优选出校正集的平均数量为30.2个,且所建10个模型蛋白质含量预测效果均优于初始校正集建模。综上,BDA算法可以优选出数量少、具有代表性的校正集样品,建立的小麦粉蛋白质PLSR模型稳定性好、预测精度高,可为小麦粉品质近红外检测分析提供一种高效的校正集优选方法。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31971872)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, China (Grant No. 2022KF02)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 32101755 and 32188102)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (Grant No. LY22C130005)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province, China (Grant No. 2021C02056)the ‘Pioneer’ and ‘Leading Goose’ R&D Program of Zhejiang, China (Grant No. 2023C02014)。
文摘Reasonable nitrogen(N) application is a promising strategy for reducing crop cadmium(Cd) toxicity. However, the specific form of N and the required amount that affect Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice remain unclear. This study explored the influence of different N-fertilizer forms(NH_4NO_3, NH_4Cl, and KNO_3) and dosages on Cd tolerance and uptake in Cd-stressed N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica rice accessions. The results indicated that the Cd tolerance of N-sensitive indica accessions is more robust than that of N-insensitive ones. Furthermore, the shoot Cd content and Cd translocation rate in both N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica accessions decreased with an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, whereas they were comparable or slightly increased with increased KNO_3. Unfortunately, we did not find significant and regular differences in Cd accumulation or translocation between N-sensitive and N-insensitive rice accessions. Consistent with the reduction of shoot Cd content, the addition of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl also inhibited the instantaneous root Cd^(2+) uptake. The expression changes of Cd transport-related genes under different N forms and dosages suggested that the decreased shoot Cd content, caused by the increased supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl, is likely achieved by reducing the transcription of OsNRAMP1 and OsIRT1. In summary, our findings reveal that an appropriate supply of NH_4NO_3 and NH_4Cl could reduce Cd uptake and transport in rice seedlings, suggesting that rational N management could reduce the Cd risk in rice production.
文摘为优选小麦粉蛋白质近红外建模校正集,在传统K/S(Kennard/Stone)方法划分的初始校正集基础上采用二进制蜻蜓算法(binary dragonfly algorithm,BDA)挑选代表性样品,建立小麦粉蛋白质含量偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,PLSR)模型,并用预测集检验评估模型的稳定性及预测性能。结果表明:BDA挑选出的最佳校正集样品数量为30个,所建模型的预测决定系数(R_(p)^(2))为0.9564,预测标准偏差(root mean square errors of prediction,RMSEP)为0.2781,与传统K/S划分的100个初始校正集的建模效果(R_(p)^(2):0.9388,RMSEP:0.3294)相比,R_(p)^(2)提高了1.87%,RMSEP降低了15.57%。10次BDA实验优选出校正集的平均数量为30.2个,且所建10个模型蛋白质含量预测效果均优于初始校正集建模。综上,BDA算法可以优选出数量少、具有代表性的校正集样品,建立的小麦粉蛋白质PLSR模型稳定性好、预测精度高,可为小麦粉品质近红外检测分析提供一种高效的校正集优选方法。
