湖北省森林资源动态变化分析与评价——基于八次森林资源连续清查数据

在阐述了湖北省森林资源连续清查体系建设情况的基础上,基于1979—2014年间8次森林资源连续清查数据,对湖北省林地面积、覆盖率、活立木总蓄积量动态变化进行分析,对湖北省森林资源变化趋势进行分析评价。结果表明,湖北省林地面积保持大幅增长态势,但未来增长空间有限;森林覆盖率呈现稳中有升趋势,但增长速度会放缓;活立木总蓄积量呈现快速增长势头,未来增长幅度趋于稳定。

Optimizing forestry industrial structure based on the framework of rationalization,advancement and ecologicalization

Under the target of the sustainable development,optimization of forestry industrial structure contains rationalization and advancement of forestry industrial structure in the traditional sense,as well as ecologicalization of forestry industrial structure.The connotation of optimization of forestry industrial structure is analyzed at first,and then the paper chooses the typical evaluation indexes from the three sides of rationalization,advancement and ecologicalization to evaluate the current situation of the regional forestry industrial structure.With the aid of the theory of fuzzy mathematics and information entropy,the paper establishes a fuzzy evaluation model which is based on information entropy for optimization of forestry industrial structure,and the evaluation model is applied in the study for the current situation of forestry industrial structure from 2000 to 2006 in Hubei province.The results show that the grade of forestry industrial structure is bad basically during the research,of which the overall level of forestry industrial structure of Hubei province is poor,the degree of utilizing forest resource is lower,and ecological environment in the forest region has been damaged to some extent.On this basis,the author presents the countermeasure to promote the optimization of forestry industrial structure.

不同演替阶段马尾松林林分空间结构对物种多样性的影响

为了探究马尾松人工林在不同演替阶段下林分空间结构和物种多样性的变化规律以及林分空间结构与物种多样性的关系,根据典型抽样方法,依据演替序列设置18块样地,其中马尾松纯林阶段、马尾松针阔混交林阶段和落叶阔叶林阶段各6块样地。使用指标量化方法分别对空间结构和乔灌草不同生活型的物种多样性进行分析,并采用Pearson相关系数法分析二者之间的相关性。结果表明:(1)演替主要影响林分的树种隔离程度,且随着演替的进行,群落内树种隔离程度增大;(2)演替对物种多样性影响较大,物种多样性符合演替顶极假说,落叶阔叶林物种多样性最为丰富;(3)不同演替阶段混交度是林分物种多样性的主要影响因子,林分物种多样性随着混交度的提高而提高。研究表明:不同演替阶段导致林分树种隔离程度不同,从而影响群落物种多样性的变化;以落叶阔叶林作为该研究区的模板,通过对马尾松人工林进行抚育间伐、补植等措施,提高林分树种隔离程度,有助于提升林分物种多样性,改善生态服务功能。