分析净生态系统生产力(NEP)的空间分布特点和变化趋势,对科学评估中国生态系统的固碳能力和制定气候变化应对政策/措施具有重要意义,然而目前这方面的研究较为缺乏。该文借助多源空间数据,对2000-2015年中国的NEP进行估算并分析其空间...分析净生态系统生产力(NEP)的空间分布特点和变化趋势,对科学评估中国生态系统的固碳能力和制定气候变化应对政策/措施具有重要意义,然而目前这方面的研究较为缺乏。该文借助多源空间数据,对2000-2015年中国的NEP进行估算并分析其空间分布特点和变化趋势。结果表明:2000-2015年,中国陆地NEP约为0.134 Pg C a^-1,表现为碳汇,碳汇高值区主要分布在云南、四川等省域,而碳源高值区主要分布在西部的西藏和青海等区域;从时间变化趋势看,中国生态系统的碳汇能力总体呈增强趋势,特别是西藏南部、四川南部以及云南、陕西、安徽和江苏等省的部分区域;NEP呈上升、基本不变和下降趋势的省级区域数量占比分别为55%、29%和16%;NEP的空间分布和年际变化主要受NPP、气温和降水的影响。展开更多
The policy of land transfer has greatly influenced the macro economy of China with the commencement of another innovation of land use system. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward some rational and feasible suggestio...The policy of land transfer has greatly influenced the macro economy of China with the commencement of another innovation of land use system. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward some rational and feasible suggestions for local government to manage the market of land transfer. Moreover, it is important in the field of study on agricultural land use change to analyze the spatial differentiation and structural specification of land transfer, which are caused by rural households＇ behavior. This paper selected I l factors covering four aspects of rural households＇ family structure, family location, family income structure and the natural quality of land resources, all of which influence the behavior differentiation of rural households, to establish the index model indicating spatial differentiation of land transfer. Results show that the spatial differentiation of land transfer can be divided into four degrees and three categories through analyzing rural households＇ questionnaires from Shanghai, Nanjing and Taizhou in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Delta. Since up to 80% of rural households belong to middle degrees, it can be concluded that the rural land market develops evenly in the study areas. And it is also indicated that the natural quality of land resources and the maximum income of rural land are most important factors influencing the spatial differentiation of land transaction. Considering different factors, the countermeasures can be carried out to enhance the spatial differentiation of land transfer so as to promote economic development and social security of rural China. All in all, both micro- factors and macro-factors influencing rural households＇ behavior of rural land transfer should be taken into account in order to make spatial differentiation and structural specification of rural land transfer notable.展开更多
文摘分析净生态系统生产力(NEP)的空间分布特点和变化趋势,对科学评估中国生态系统的固碳能力和制定气候变化应对政策/措施具有重要意义,然而目前这方面的研究较为缺乏。该文借助多源空间数据,对2000-2015年中国的NEP进行估算并分析其空间分布特点和变化趋势。结果表明:2000-2015年,中国陆地NEP约为0.134 Pg C a^-1,表现为碳汇,碳汇高值区主要分布在云南、四川等省域,而碳源高值区主要分布在西部的西藏和青海等区域;从时间变化趋势看,中国生态系统的碳汇能力总体呈增强趋势,特别是西藏南部、四川南部以及云南、陕西、安徽和江苏等省的部分区域;NEP呈上升、基本不变和下降趋势的省级区域数量占比分别为55%、29%和16%;NEP的空间分布和年际变化主要受NPP、气温和降水的影响。
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70373029)
文摘The policy of land transfer has greatly influenced the macro economy of China with the commencement of another innovation of land use system. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward some rational and feasible suggestions for local government to manage the market of land transfer. Moreover, it is important in the field of study on agricultural land use change to analyze the spatial differentiation and structural specification of land transfer, which are caused by rural households＇ behavior. This paper selected I l factors covering four aspects of rural households＇ family structure, family location, family income structure and the natural quality of land resources, all of which influence the behavior differentiation of rural households, to establish the index model indicating spatial differentiation of land transfer. Results show that the spatial differentiation of land transfer can be divided into four degrees and three categories through analyzing rural households＇ questionnaires from Shanghai, Nanjing and Taizhou in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Delta. Since up to 80% of rural households belong to middle degrees, it can be concluded that the rural land market develops evenly in the study areas. And it is also indicated that the natural quality of land resources and the maximum income of rural land are most important factors influencing the spatial differentiation of land transaction. Considering different factors, the countermeasures can be carried out to enhance the spatial differentiation of land transfer so as to promote economic development and social security of rural China. All in all, both micro- factors and macro-factors influencing rural households＇ behavior of rural land transfer should be taken into account in order to make spatial differentiation and structural specification of rural land transfer notable.
