赋分评价法常被教师用于大学物理课程的学习质量评价,随着深度学习理论的发展,该种方法的适用性值得思考.而SOLO(Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome,即“可观察的学习成果结构”)分类评价将学生在解题过程中的思维能力分为5...赋分评价法常被教师用于大学物理课程的学习质量评价,随着深度学习理论的发展,该种方法的适用性值得思考.而SOLO(Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome,即“可观察的学习成果结构”)分类评价将学生在解题过程中的思维能力分为5个层次,深度学习理论将这五个层次分为深度和浅层两种学习水平.基于SOLO理论,本研究对大一学生解决某一力学问题时的思维能力进行分类,并对其学习的深度进行评价,再与赋分评价法进行比较,发现SOLO分类评价不仅有明确的等级评定和详细全面的评价,还可通过可视的思维结构直观地测量学生达到教学目标的程度和学习的深度,因而更具科学性和可观察性,更适用于深度学习评价.展开更多
The rapid growth of grain yield in China accelerates a discussion on whether the grain system in China is sustainable. To answer the question, a comprehensive assessment from economic and environmental points is neces...The rapid growth of grain yield in China accelerates a discussion on whether the grain system in China is sustainable. To answer the question, a comprehensive assessment from economic and environmental points is necessary. This study jointly used economic analysis(ECA), emergy evaluation(EME) and carbon footprint(CF) to analyze the environmental and economic sustainability of the grain production system in China based on the national statistical data during 2000–2015. Results showed that the costs of maize, wheat, rice and soybean had increased by 252-346% from 2000 to 2015, causing the lower profit of grain system in recent years. The situation resulted in a serious problem on economic sustainability of grain system in China. Meanwhile, the emergy sustainability index(ESI) of maize, wheat, rice and soybean systems were increasing during 2000–2015, and the CF on unit yield of the crops had been reduced by 10-30% in the study period. The results reflected the improved environmental sustainability of grain system in China during 2000–2015. Nevertheless, the emergy flow of industrial inputs for the crops were increased by 4-22% in the study period, and the CF from the inputs presented a growth rate of 16-23% as well during the same period. The results implied that the grain system in China was relying more on fossil-based inputs. Finally, according to the key points of cost, emergy and CF, we suggest that improving labor efficiency, advanced agricultural practices and optimizing cropping pattern will be effective ways to further improve the economic and environmental sustainability of grain system in China.展开更多
文摘赋分评价法常被教师用于大学物理课程的学习质量评价,随着深度学习理论的发展,该种方法的适用性值得思考.而SOLO(Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome,即“可观察的学习成果结构”)分类评价将学生在解题过程中的思维能力分为5个层次,深度学习理论将这五个层次分为深度和浅层两种学习水平.基于SOLO理论,本研究对大一学生解决某一力学问题时的思维能力进行分类,并对其学习的深度进行评价,再与赋分评价法进行比较,发现SOLO分类评价不仅有明确的等级评定和详细全面的评价,还可通过可视的思维结构直观地测量学生达到教学目标的程度和学习的深度,因而更具科学性和可观察性,更适用于深度学习评价.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2017A030310055)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0201305)
文摘The rapid growth of grain yield in China accelerates a discussion on whether the grain system in China is sustainable. To answer the question, a comprehensive assessment from economic and environmental points is necessary. This study jointly used economic analysis(ECA), emergy evaluation(EME) and carbon footprint(CF) to analyze the environmental and economic sustainability of the grain production system in China based on the national statistical data during 2000–2015. Results showed that the costs of maize, wheat, rice and soybean had increased by 252-346% from 2000 to 2015, causing the lower profit of grain system in recent years. The situation resulted in a serious problem on economic sustainability of grain system in China. Meanwhile, the emergy sustainability index(ESI) of maize, wheat, rice and soybean systems were increasing during 2000–2015, and the CF on unit yield of the crops had been reduced by 10-30% in the study period. The results reflected the improved environmental sustainability of grain system in China during 2000–2015. Nevertheless, the emergy flow of industrial inputs for the crops were increased by 4-22% in the study period, and the CF from the inputs presented a growth rate of 16-23% as well during the same period. The results implied that the grain system in China was relying more on fossil-based inputs. Finally, according to the key points of cost, emergy and CF, we suggest that improving labor efficiency, advanced agricultural practices and optimizing cropping pattern will be effective ways to further improve the economic and environmental sustainability of grain system in China.
