退火温度对5154合金冷轧板组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜和拉伸试验机,对退火处理后冷变形量45%、厚度3mm的5154合金冷轧板进行金相组织观察和力学性能测定,研究了不同退火温度对5154合金冷轧板组织和性能的影响。结果表明,退火温度150℃时,5154合金冷轧板组织进入回复阶段,此时材料塑性提升强度降低,组织晶粒度无明显变化;退火温度270℃时,组织已经发生了再结晶;退火温度420℃时,晶粒逐渐长大,但趋势较缓;退火温度600℃时,材料强度和延伸率均急剧下降,低熔点共晶大量熔化和聚集,组织晶粒粗大,出现过烧现象。

广西二孩父母对预防接种知识和服务需求的调查分析

目的了解广西二孩父母对预防接种认知、态度和行为,以及对预防接种的需求,为提高免疫规划工作质量提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,在广西壮族自治区115个县区抽取3891名二孩父母使用统一设计的问卷进行调查。结果二孩父母中98.46%知道小孩需要接种疫苗,98.74%知道国家免疫规划疫苗是免费接种,94.50%知道接种疫苗可以预防乙型病毒性肝炎,94.60%知道孩子上学时需要查验预防接种证,99.51%认为孩子接种疫苗是必要的,90.44%会主动了解孩子预防接种完成情况,78.46%会主动按照预防接种证预约日期带儿童进行接种,97.02%在参与预防接种过程中最关注的是疫苗安全,75.10%希望在预防接种过程中减少排队时间。结论广西二孩父母对预防接种认知、态度和行为有较好的水平,但仍应根据不同儿童父母对预防接种知识的知晓情况,开展有针对性的预防接种宣传教育,提高健康教育工作效果;各地要提高预防接种服务质量,为群众提供满意的预防接种服务。

Anthropogenic Impacts on the Sediment Flux in the Dry-hot Valleys of Southwest China—an Example of the Longchuan River

The sediment flux data, measured from a dry-hot valley of the Longchuan River, a tributary of the lower Jinsha River, were analyzed with Mann-Kendall test, Seasonal Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s test. In both the upper reaches (Xiaohekou) and the lower reaches (Xiaohuangguayuan), the sediment fluxes showed a significant increase from 1970 to 2001, despite the fact that the water discharge did not change significantly during the period and numerous reservoir constructions which contribute to the trap of sediment. This can be attributed to the intensification of human activities, especially the activities related to land surface disturbances such as deforestation and afforestation, expansion of agriculture land, and road constructions. This increase is more significant in the lower reaches of the river observed at the place of Xiaohuangguayuan due to the dry-hot climate. The profound increase in sediment flux has significant implications for effective management of the sedimentation problems of the on-going Three Gorges Reservoir.

浅析白居易诗中偏正式宗教词语

我们首次从《白居易诗集》中收集到90多个富有宗教色彩的佛教、道教类的偏正式复合词,其中只有5个词语是完全属于道教的。所用词语最能反映诗人的思想境界,本文通过对白居易诗中有关佛、道二教的偏正式复合词进行分析,认为白居易的宗教信仰是佛教。