Rationally designing electrolyte additives for highly improving cyclability of LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)/Graphite cells

High voltage is necessary for high energy lithium-ion batteries but difficult to achieve because of the highly deteriorated cyclability of the batteries.A novel strategy is developed to extend cyclability of a high voltage lithium-ion battery,LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)/Graphite(LNMO/Graphite)cell,which emphasizes a rational design of an electrolyte additive that can effectively construct protective interphases on anode and cathode and highly eliminate the effect of hydrogen fluoride(HF).5-Trifluoromethylpyridine-trime thyl lithium borate(LTFMP-TMB),is synthesized,featuring with multi-functionalities.Its anion TFMPTMB-tends to be enriched on cathode and can be preferentially oxidized yielding TMB and radical TFMP-.Both TMB and radical TFMP can combine HF and thus eliminate the detrimental effect of HF on cathode,while the TMB dragged on cathode thus takes a preferential oxidation and constructs a protective cathode interphase.On the other hand,LTFMP-TMB is preferentially reduced on anode and constructs a protective anode interphase.Consequently,a small amount of LTFMP-TMB(0.2%)in 1.0 M LiPF6in EC/DEC/EMC(3/2/5,wt%)results in a highly improved cyclability of LNMO/Graphite cell,with the capacity retention enhanced from 52%to 80%after 150 cycles at 0.5 C between 3.5 and 4.8 V.The as-developed strategy provides a model of designing electrolyte additives for improving cyclability of high voltage batteries.

Adaptive Trajectory Tracking Control for Nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robots:A Barrier Function Sliding Mode Approach

The trajectory tracking control performance of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots(NWMRs)is subject to nonholonomic constraints,system uncertainties,and external disturbances.This paper proposes a barrier function-based adaptive sliding mode control(BFASMC)method to provide high-precision,fast-response performance and robustness for NWMRs.Compared with the conventional adaptive sliding mode control,the proposed control strategy can guarantee that the sliding mode variables converge to a predefined neighborhood of origin with a predefined reaching time independent of the prior knowledge of the uncertainties and disturbances bounds.Another advantage of the proposed algorithm is that the control gains can be adaptively adjusted to follow the disturbances amplitudes thanks to the barrier function.The benefit is that the overestimation of control gain can be eliminated,resulting in chattering reduction.Moreover,a modified barrier function-like control gain is employed to prevent the input saturation problem due to the physical limit of the actuator.The stability analysis and comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed BFASMC can ensure the prespecified convergence performance of the NWMR system output variables and strong robustness against uncertainties/disturbances.

Distributed Matching Theory-Based Task Re-Allocating for Heterogeneous Multi-UAV Edge Computing

Many efforts have been devoted to efficient task scheduling in Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)edge computing.However,the heterogeneity of UAV computation resource,and the task re-allocating between UAVs have not been fully considered yet.Moreover,most existing works neglect the fact that a task can only be executed on the UAV equipped with its desired service function(SF).In this backdrop,this paper formulates the task scheduling problem as a multi-objective task scheduling problem,which aims at maximizing the task execution success ratio while minimizing the average weighted sum of all tasks’completion time and energy consumption.Optimizing three coupled goals in a realtime manner with the dynamic arrival of tasks hinders us from adopting existing methods,like machine learning-based solutions that require a long training time and tremendous pre-knowledge about the task arrival process,or heuristic-based ones that usually incur a long decision-making time.To tackle this problem in a distributed manner,we establish a matching theory framework,in which three conflicting goals are treated as the preferences of tasks,SFs and UAVs.Then,a Distributed Matching Theory-based Re-allocating(DiMaToRe)algorithm is put forward.We formally proved that a stable matching can be achieved by our proposal.Extensive simulation results show that Di Ma To Re algorithm outperforms benchmark algorithms under diverse parameter settings and has good robustness.

Preliminary compact torus injection experiments on the Keda Torus eXperiment reversed field pinch

A new compact torus injector(KTX-CTI)has been built for injection experiments on the Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX)reversed field pinch(RFP).The aim is to study the fundamental physics governing the compact torus(CT)central fueling processes.In experiments conducted under the sole influence of a 0.1 T toroidal magnetic field,the injected CT successfully penetrated the entire toroidal magnetic field,reaching the inner wall of the KTX vacuum vessel.Upon reaching the inner wall,the CT diffused both radially outward and toroidally within the vessel at a discernible diffusion speed.Moreover,the inherent helicity within the CT induced a modest KTX plasma current of 200 A,consistent with predictions based on helicity conservation.CT injection demonstrated the capability to initiate KTX discharges at low loop voltages,suggesting its potential as a pre-ionization and current startup technique.During RFP discharges featuring CT injection,the central plasma density was found to exceed the Greenwald density limit,with more peaked density profiles,indicating the predominant confinement of CT plasma within the core region of the KTX bulk plasma.

Large-aperture Telescope Tracking Control Based on Time-synchronization Strategy

A time-synchronization strategy for packetized transmission of target position about a large-aperture telescope observation control system has been proposed in this study.Compared with the existing telescope tracking strategy,the target position packing and sending strategy based on the time synchronization method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high stability and reliability.First,the telescope tracking observation control method was elaborated in this paper,including the motion pattern during telescope tracking.Then,the strategy for packetizes transmission of target positions based on time-synchronization is established and lists the detailed steps.Finally,the performance of the tracking strategy is verified using the 2.5 m telescope for the simulated uniform speed star and the blind-tracking fixed star HIP 31216,respectively.The test results show that the accuracy root mean square of the tracking strategy proposed in this paper is less than 0".02 at 30 minutes,and the performance is much better than the design requirement of 0".3.The most important advantage of this tracking strategy is that the telescope can guarantee normal tracking for a certain period of time even if the hardware or software of the host computer is abnormal.

GaN based ultraviolet laser diodes

In the past few years,many groups have focused on the research and development of GaN-based ultraviolet laser diodes(UV LDs).Great progresses have been achieved even though many challenges exist.In this article,we analyze the challenges of developing GaN-based ultraviolet laser diodes,and the approaches to improve the performance of ultraviolet laser diode are reviewed.With these techniques,room temperature(RT)pulsed oscillation of AlGaN UVA(ultraviolet A)LD has been realized,with a lasing wavelength of 357.9 nm.Combining with the suppression of thermal effect,the high output power of 3.8 W UV LD with a lasing wavelength of 386.5 nm was also fabricated.

The Effect of Soil Enzymes and Polysaccharides Secreted by the Roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge under Drought,High Temperature,and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deficits

Root exudates serve as crucial mediators for information exchange between plants and soil,and are an important evolutionary mechanism for plants’adaptation to environmental changes.In this study,15 different abiotic stress models were established using various stress factors,including drought(D),high temperature(T),nitrogen deficiency(N),phosphorus deficiency(P),and their combinations.We investigated their effects on the seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and the activities of Solid-Urease(S-UE),Solid-Nitrite Reductase(S-NiR),Solid-Nitrate Reductase(S-NR),Solid-Phosphotransferase(S-PT),and Solid-Catalase(S-CAT),as well as the contents of polysaccharides in the culture medium.The results showed that the growth of S.miltiorrhiza was inhibited under 15 stress conditions.Among them,13 stress conditions increased the root-shoot ratio.These 15 stress conditions significantly reduced the activity of S-NR,two combinations significantly improved the activity of S-NIR,they were synergistic stresses of high temperature and nitrogen deficiency(TN),and synergistic stresses of drought and nitrogen deficiency(DN)(p<0.05).The activity of S-UE was significantly improved under N,D,T,synergistic stresses of drought and high temperature(DT),DN,synergistic stresses of drought and phosphorus deficiency(DP),and synergistic stresses of high temperature,nitrogen,and phosphorus deficiency(TNP)stress conditions(p<0.05).Most stress combinations reduced the activity of S-PT,but D and T significantly improved it.(p<0.05).The N,DN,and TN stress conditions significantly reduced S-CAT activity.The P,DT,and synergistic stresses of drought,high temperature,and phosphorus deficiency(DTP)significantly decreased the total polysaccharide content of the soil(p<0.05).The research suggested that abiotic stress hindered the growth of S.miltiorrhiza and altered the behavior of root secretion.Roots regulated the secretion of several substances in response to various abiotic stresses,including soil nitrogen cycle enzymes,phosphorus transport-related enzymes,and antioxidant enzymes.In conclusion,plants regulate the utilization of rhizosphere substances in response to abiotic stresses by modulating the exudation of soil enzymes and polysaccharides by the root system.At the same time,soil carbon sequestration was affected by the adverse environment,which restricted the input of organic matter into the soil.

Self-expanding metal stent for relieving the stricture after endoscopic injection for esophageal varices

BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEMS)for the stricture after endoscopic injection with cyanoacrylate(CYA)and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SEMS to improve the stricture after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in 4 patients from February 2023 to June 2023.RESULTS The strictures were improved in four patients after stenting.The stent was removed after two weeks because of chest pain with embedding into esophageal mucosa in one patient.The stent was removed after one month,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in two patients.The stent was removed after three months,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in one patient.The stent embedded into esophageal mucosa in three patients.There were 3 patients suffered reflux esophagitis,and the acid reflux was relieved by taking hydrotalcite.There was no other complication of esophageal perforation,bleeding from varices or infection.CONCLUSION SEMS may relieve the stricture which happened after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.However,when we should remove the stent still needs to be explored.

Special stent for draining the abdominal abscess respectively from colon and duodenum:A case report

BACKGROUND Postoperative abdominal infections are an important and heterogeneous health challenge.Many samll abdominal abscesses are resolved with antibiotics,but larger or symptomatic abscesses may require procedural management.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old male patient who suffered operation for the left hepatocellular carcinoma eight months ago,came to our hospital with recurrent abdominal pain,vomit,and fever for one month.Abdominal computed tomography showed that a big low-density dumbbell-shaped mass among the liver and intestine.Colonoscopy showed a submucosal mass with a fistula at colon of liver region.Gastroscopy showed a big rupture on the submucosal mass at the descending duodenum and a fistula at the duodenal bulb.Under colonoscopy,the brown liquid and pus were drained from the mass with“special stent device”.Under gastroscopy,we closed the rupture of the mass with a loop and six clips for purse stitching at the descending duodenum,and the same method as colonoscopy was used to drain the brown liquid and pus from the mass.The symptom of abdominal pain,vomit and fever were relieved after the treatment.CONCLUSION The special stent device could be effectively for draining the abdominal abscess respectively from colon and duodenum.

Transparent cap adjusted the stent placed for stenosis after endoscopic injection of esophageal varices:A case report

BACKGROUND The stent embedded in the esophageal mucosa is one of the complications after stenting for esophageal stricture.We present a case of stent adjustment with the aid of a transparent cap after endoscopic injection of an esophageal varices stent.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old male patient came to the hospital with discomfort of the chest after the stent implanted for the stenosis because of endoscopic injection of esophageal varices.The gastroscopy was performed,and the stent embedded into the esophageal mucosa.At first,we pulled the recycling line for shrinking the stent,however,the mucosa could not be removed from the stent.Then a forceps was performed to remove the mucosa in the stent,nevertheless,the bleeding form the mucosa was obvious.And then,we used a transparent cap to scrape the mucosa along the stent,and the mucosa were removed successfully without bleeding.CONCLUSION A transparent cap helps gastroscopy to remove the mucosa embedded in the stent after endoscopic injection of the esophageal varices stent.

Effect of N_(2) partial pressure on comprehensive properties of antibacterial TiN/Cu nanocomposite coating

Foreign body reactions to the wear debris and corrosion products from the implants,and bacterial infections are the main factors leading to the implant failures.In order to resolve these problems,the antibacterial TiN/Cu nanocomposite coatings with various N_(2) partial pressures were deposited on 304 stainless steels(SS)using an arc ion plating(AIP)system,named TiN/Cu-x(x=0.5,1.0,1.5 Pa).The results of X-ray diffraction analysis,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscopy showed that the N_(2) partial pressures determined the Cu contents,surface defects,and crystallite sizes of TiN/Cu nanocomposite coatings,which further influenced the comprehensive abilities.And the hardness and wear resistances of TiN/Cu coatings were enhanced with increase of the crystallite sizes.Under the co-actions of surface defects,crystallite sizes,and Cu content,TiN/Cu-1.0 and TiN/Cu-1.5 coatings possessed excellent corrosion resistance.Besides,the biological tests proved that all the TiN/Cu coatings showed no cytotoxicity with strong antibacterial ability.Among them,TiN/Cu-1.5 coating significantly promoted the cell proliferation,which is expected to be a novel antibacterial,corrosion-resistant,and wear-resistant coating on the surfaces of medical implants.

Genesis of the Jiajika superlarge lithium deposit,Sichuan,China:constraints from He–Ar–H–O isotopes

The Jiajika granitic-and pegmatite-type lithium deposit,which is in the Songpan-Garze Orogenic Belt in western Sichuan Province,China,is the largest in Asia.Previous studies have examined the geochemistry and mineralogy of pegmatites and their parental source rocks to determine the genesis of the deposit.However,the evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids has received limited attention.We analyzed He–Ar–H–O isotopes to decipher the ore-fluid nature and identify the contribution of fluids to mineralization in the late stage of crystallization differentiation.In the Jiajika ore field,two-mica granites,pegmatites(including common pegmatites and spodumene pegmatites),metasandstones,and schists are the dominant rock types exposed.Common pegmatites derived from early differentiation of the two-mica granitic magmas before they evolved into spodumene pegmatites during the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Common pegmatites have~3He/~4He ratios that vary from 0.18 to 4.68 Ra(mean1.62 Ra),and their~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar ratios range from 426.70 to 1408.06(mean 761.81);spodumene pegmatites have~3He/~4He ratios that vary from 0.18 to 2.66 Ra(mean 0.87Ra)and their~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar ratios range from 402.13 to 1907.34(mean 801.65).These data indicate that the hydrothermal fluids were shown a mixture of crust-and mantle-derived materials,and the proportion of crustderived materials in spodumene pegmatites increases significantly in the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Theδ~(18)OH_(2)O–VSMOWvalues of common pegmatites range from 6.2‰to 10.9‰,with a mean value of 8.6‰,andδDV–SMOWvalues vary from-110‰to-72‰,with a mean o f-85‰.Theδ~(18)OH_(2)O–VSMOWvalues of spodumene pegmatites range from 5.3‰to 13.2‰,with a mean of 9.1‰,andδDV–SMOWvalues vary from-115‰to-77‰,with a mean of-91‰.These data suggest that the ore-forming fluids came from primary magmatic water gradually mixing with more meteoric water in the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Based on the He–Ar–H–O and other existing data,we propose that the oreforming metals are mainly derived from the upper continental crust with a minor contribution from the mantle,and the fluid exsolution and addition of meteoric water during the formation of pegmatite contributed to the formation of the Jiajika superlarge lithium deposit.

A machine learning-based study of multifactor susceptibility and risk control of induced seismicity in unconventional reservoirs

A comprehensive dataset from 594 fracturing wells throughout the Duvernay Formation near Fox Creek, Alberta, is collected to quantify the influences of geological, geomechanical, and operational features on the distribution and magnitude of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity. An integrated machine learning-based investigation is conducted to systematically evaluate multiple factors that contribute to induced seismicity. Feature importance indicates that a distance to fault, a distance to basement, minimum principal stress, cumulative fluid injection, initial formation pressure, and the number of fracturing stages are among significant model predictors. Our seismicity prediction map matches the observed spatial seismicity, and the prediction model successfully guides the fracturing job size of a new well to reduce seismicity risks. This study can apply to mitigating potential seismicity risks in other seismicity-frequent regions.

Highly improved cyclic stability of Ni-rich/Li batteries with succinic anhydride as electrolyte additive and underlying mechanism

Lithium-metal battery based on Ni-rich cathode provides high energy density but presents poor cyclic stability due to the unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces on both cathode and anode.In this work,we report a new strategy to address this issue.It is found that the cyclic stability of Ni-rich/Li battery can be significantly improved by using succinic anhydride(SA) as an electrolyte additive.Specifically,the capacity retention of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)/Li cell is improved from 14% to 83% after 200cycles at 1 C between 3.0 and 4.35 V by applying 5% SA.The underlying mechanism of SA contribution is understood by comparing the effects of malic anhydride(MA) and citraconic anhydride(CA), both of which share a similar molecular structure to SA but show different effects.On anode side,SA can but MA and CA cannot form a protective solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) on Li anode.On cathode side,three anhydrides can suppress the formation of hydrogen fluoride from electrolyte oxidation decomposition,but SA behaves best.Typically,MA shows adverse effects on the interface stability of Li anode and NCM811 cathode,which originates from its high acidity.Though the acidity of MA can be mitigated by substituting a methyl for one H atom at its C=C bond,the substituent CA cannot compete with SA in cyclic stability improvement of the cell,because the SEI resulting from CA is not as robust as that from SA,which is related to the binding energy of the SEI components.This understanding reveals the importance of the electrolyte acidity on the Ni-rich cathode and the robustness of the SEI on Li anode,which is helpful for rationally designing new electrolyte additives to further improve the cyclic stability of high-energydensity Ni-rich/Li batteries.

An OP-TEE Energy-Efficient Task Scheduling Approach Based on Mobile Application Characteristics

Trusted Execution Environment(TEE)is an important part of the security architecture of modern mobile devices,but its secure interaction process brings extra computing burden to mobile devices.This paper takes open portable trusted execution environment(OP-TEE)as the research object and deploys it to Raspberry Pi 3B,designs and implements a benchmark for OP-TEE,and analyzes its program characteristics.Furthermore,the application execution time,energy consumption and energy-delay product(EDP)are taken as the optimization objectives,and the central processing unit(CPU)frequency scheduling strategy of mobile devices is dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of different applications through the combined model.The experimental result shows that compared with the default strategy,the scheduling method proposed in this paper saves 21.18%on average with the Line Regression-Decision Tree scheduling model with the shortest delay as the optimization objective.The Decision Tree-Support Vector Regression(SVR)scheduling model,which takes the lowest energy consumption as the optimization goal,saves 22%energy on average.The Decision Tree-K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)scheduling model with the lowest EDP as the optimization objective optimizes about 33.9%on average.

钢铁冶炼台车加热炉低氮烟气回流管风机的改造设计

钢铁冶炼系统,采用台车加热炉,通过回流管将高温气体低氮烟气回流到锅炉系统内。为了获知煤气加热炉的用风量,需要计算煤气充分燃烧需要的气体和产生的气体在标准状态下的体积流量;通过改进加热炉回流管的设计,进而确定新风机的性能参数。重新对新风机进行结构设计和选型计算,经性能测试检验,新风机的效率提升了2%~3%,且满足了加热炉系统的环保排放氮氧化物的要求。

原发性胃淋巴瘤中APC蛋白的表达及其意义

目的研究分析原发性胃淋巴瘤(PGL)组织中腺瘤性结肠息肉病(APC)蛋白的表达,以及与临床病理特征的关系,探讨APC蛋白在PGL发生、发展中的作用及意义。方法选取2006年6月-2011年12月中南大学湘雅医院、湖南省邵阳市中医医院PGL术后患者的临床资料和手术病理标本。采用免疫组织化学法检测45例PGL和30例胃正常黏膜组织中APC蛋白的表达。结果 PGL和胃正常黏膜组织中APC蛋白阳性表达率分别为37.78%和90.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PGL组织中有无淋巴结转移和不同临床分期的APC蛋白阳性表达率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄、性别及大体形态的APC蛋白阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 APC蛋白在PGL中低表达,是PGL发生的一个重要原因,提示APC蛋白可作为PGL发生的一个重要检测指标。

Charm hadron azimuthal angular correlations in Au+Au collisions at ■=200 GeV from parton scatterings

The dynamic evolution of the charm hadron in hot quark matter was studied in the framework of a multiphase transport(AMPT)model.We first reproduced the open charm hadron D0pT spectrum in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV by triggering the c c production in AMPT,and then the elliptic flow of charm hadrons was described with different parton cascade cross sections.Charm hadron azimuthal angular correlations were proposed,and they are affected by the different parton crosssection parameter applied in the model,which can facilitate our understanding of the loss of collision energy of charm quarks in hot quark medium and can stimulate further experimental studies.

Fuzzy self-tuning PID control of the operation temperatures in a two-staged membrane separation process

A two-staged membrane separation process for hydrogen recovery from refinery gases is introduced. The principle of the gas membrane separation process and the influence of the operation temperatures are analyzed. As the conventional PID controller is difficult to make the operation temperatures steady, a fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm is proposed. The application shows that the algorithm is effective, the operation temperatures of both stages can be controlled steadily, and the operation flexibility and adaptability of the hydrogen recovery unit are enhanced with safety. This study lays a foundation to optimize the control of the membrane separation process and thus ensure the membrane performance.

Room-temperature continuous-wave operation of GaN-based blue-violet laser diodes with a lifetime longer than 1000h

GaN-based continuous-wave operated blue-violet laser diodes(LDs) with long lifetime are demonstrated, which are grown on a c-plane GaN substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition with a 10 × 600 μm^2 ridge waveguide structure.The electrical and optical characteristics of a blue-violet LD are investigated under direct-current injection at room temperature(25 °C). The stimulated emission wavelength and peak optical power of the LD are around 413 nm and over 600 mW, respectively.In addition, the threshold current density and voltage are as small as 1.46 kA/cm^2 and 4.1 V, respectively. Moreover, the lifetime is longer than 1000 hours under room-temperature continuous-wave operation.