Abdominal lymphangiomatosis in a 38-year-old female:Case report and literature review

Lymphangioma is an uncommon benign tumor that develops in the lymphatic system. Abdominal lymphangiomatosis is extremely rare in adult patients, and the clinical symptoms of this condition are complicated and atypical. We report a case of abdominal lymphangiomatosis in a 38-year-old female who presented with intestinal bleeding and protein-losing enteropathy, as well as lesions in the lung and bones. A computed tomography scan revealed multiple small cystic lesions without enhancement. Histological examination revealed microscopic cysts were submucosal, with walls composed of thin fibrous tissue, and D2-40 stained highlight the lining of the lymphatic channels by immunohistochemical method. We make a comparison with the cases reported before, and also discuss the diagnose of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis and Gorham’s disease.

Synthesis of perovskite BaTaO_(2)N with low defect by Zn doping for boosted photocatalytic water reduction

Perovskite BaTaO_(2) N(BTON) is one of the most promising photocatalysts for solar water splitting due to its wide visible-light absorption and suitable conduction/valence bands,but it still confronts the challenge of high defect density causing decreased charge separation as well as photocatalytic activity.In this work,we develop a simple zinc doping strategy to greatly suppress its defect density and promote its water reduction performance.It is found that the defect formation on the nitrided Ba(Zn_(1/3-x)Ta_(2/3))O_(3-y)N_z(denoted as BZTON hereafter) will be greatly inhibited when the Zn-doped Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_(3)(BZTO) oxide is used as the nitridation precursor.The structural characterizations and discussion demonstrate that the effective inhibition of Ta^(5+)into Ta^(4+)defects in BZTON mainly results from the easy reduction of zinc ions into metal and further the evaporation of zinc metal under the thermal ammonia flow.Interestingly,this simply doping methodology can be easily extended into the synthesis of SrTaO_(2) N(STON) with extremely low defect density,demonstrating its generality.Benefiting from the successful control to the defect density,the as-obtained BZTON photocatalyst exhibits remarkably promoted charge separation as well as water reduction activity to produce hydrogen with respect to the pristine BTON.Our work may provide an alternative avenue to prepare oxynitride semiconductors with reduced defect density for promoted solar energy conversion.

Human hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote tendon repair in a rabbit Achilles tendinopathy model

Background:Hair follicles are easily accessible and contain stem cells with different developmental origins,including mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),that consequently reveal the potential of human hair follicle(hHF)-derived MSCs in repair and regeneration.However,the role of hHF-MSCs in Achilles tendinopathy(AT)remains unclear.The present study investigated the effects of hHF-MSCs on Achilles tendon repair in rabbits.Methods:First,we extracted and characterized hHF-MSCs.Then,a rabbit tendinopathy model was constructed to analyze the ability of hHF-MSCs to promote repair in vivo.Anatomical observation and pathological and biomechanical analyses were performed to determine the effect of hHF-MSCs on AT,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and immunohistochemical staining were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms through which hHF-MSCs affects AT.Furthermore,statistical analyses were performed using independent sample t test,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),and one-way repeated measures multivariate ANOVA as appropriate.Results:Flow cytometry,a trilineage-induced differentiation test,confirmed that hHF-derived stem cells were derived from MSCs.The effect of hHF-MSCs on AT revealed that the Achilles tendon was anatomically healthy,as well as the maximum load carried by the Achilles tendon and hydroxyproline proteomic levels were increased.Moreover,collagen I and III were upregulated in rabbit AT treated with hHF-MSCs(compared with AT group;P<0.05).Analysis of the molecular mechanisms revealed that hHF-MSCs promoted collagen fiber regeneration,possibly through Tenascin-C(TNC)upregulation and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 downregulation.Conclusions:hHF-MSCs can be a treatment modality to promote AT repair in rabbits by upregulating collagen I and III.Further analysis revealed that treatment of AT using hHF-MSCs promoted the regeneration of collagen fiber,possibly because of upregulation of TNC and downregulation of MMP-9,thus suggesting that hHF-MSCs are more promising for AT.

ECMO/CRRT Combined Support in the Treatment of Critically Ill SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Patients

Objective: To explore the experience with and complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for treatment of critically ill patients with severe acuterespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia.Methods: The data on critically ill COVID-19 patients who received ECMO/CRRT at Tongji Hospital, which isaffi liated with Huazhong University of Science and Technology, in February and March 2020 were collected andanalyzed. All three patients were male, and the mean age was 50.6 years (range 44 – 58 years). The indications forECMO in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients at our center were severe acute respiratory distress syndromewith Pa o 2 /F i o 2 below 100 mmHg under an effective protective pulmonary ventilation strategy and infl ammatory stormaccompanied by acute kidney injury. One patient, with severe heart failure, was selected for venoarterial ECMO, andthe other two patients were selected for venovenous ECMO.Results: In the three patients who received ECMO combined with bedside CRRT, the mean duration was 9.7 days(range 7 – 13 days). Four complications occurred during ECMO/CRRT, especially thrombocytopenia. Laboratorytesting showed increased counts of leukocytes and lymphocytes and decreased levels of infl ammatory factors. LungCT was suggestive of signifi cantly absorbed and reduced lesions and interstitial fi brosis.Conclusions: The survival rate of patients with cardiopulmonary failure treated with ECMO/CRRT in whomconventional treatment failed in this group was 100%, which indicates that combined treatment with ECMO and CRRTis an important treatment technique.

Cynaroside regulates the AMPK/SIRT3/Nrf2 pathway to inhibit doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis

Doxorubicin(DOX)is a commonly administered chemotherapy drug for treating hematological malignancies and solid tumors;however,its clinical application is limited by significant cardiotoxicity.Cynaroside(Cyn)is a flavonoid glycoside distributed in honeysuckle,with confirmed potential biological functions in regulating inflammation,pyroptosis,and oxidative stress.Herein,the effects of Cyn were evaluated in a DOX-induced cardiotoxicity(DIC)mouse model,which was established by intraperitoneal injections of DOX(5 mg/kg)once a week for three weeks.The mice in the treatment group received dexrazoxane,MCC950,and Cyn every two days.Blood biochemistry,histopathology,immunohistochemistry,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and western blotting were conducted to investigate the cardioprotective effects and potential mechanisms of Cyn treatment.The results demonstrated the significant benefits of Cyn treatment in mitigating DIC;it could effectively alleviate oxidative stress to a certain extent,maintain the equilibrium of cell apoptosis,and enhance the cardiac function of mice.These effects were realized via regulating the transcription levels of pyroptosis-related genes,such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),caspase-1,and gasdermin D(GSDMD).Mechanistically,for DOX-induced myocardial injury,Cyn could significantly modulate the expression of pivotal genes,including adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγcoactivator-1α(PGC-1α),sirtuin 3(SIRT3),and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2).We attribute it to the mediation of AMPK/SIRT3/Nrf2 pathway,which plays a central role in preventing DOX-induced cardiomyocyte injury.In conclusion,the present study confirms the therapeutic potential of Cyn in DIC by regulating the AMPK/SIRT3/Nrf2 pathway.

3plications of Proteomics in Traumatic Brain Injury： Current Status and Potential Prospects

INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury （TBI）, one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide, has become a public health crisis. TBI can be classified as primary injury or secondary injury. The leading causes of primary injury are falls, motor vehicle traffic, and struck.I^1 The delayed, secondary injury cascades with highly complex pathophysiological events occur following primary mechanical insults and are regarded as contributing factors influencing the recovery of TB Over the past few decades, a considerable number of clinical trials and animal experiments have sought to develop therapeutic strategies. The efforts to lower the risk of secondary injury and improve outcomes for TBI patients can be ascribed to the process of＂squeezing oxygenated blood through a swollen brain＂.

Percutaneous pulmonary artery biodegradable stent:a new armament to fight pulmonary artery stenosis?

To the Editor:Pulmonary artery stenosis can be caused by numerous factors,such as tetralogy of Fallot,pulmonary atresia,tricuspid atresia with pulmonary artery stenosis,atresia combined with another congenital heart disease and pulmonary circulation dysplasia,[1,2]William syndrome,and Alagille syndrome.Additionally,pulmonary artery branch stenosis can be the consequence of some genetic metabolic diseases,such as congenital rubella.[3]Most cases of pulmonary stenosis require surgical intervention.

Altered Protein Profiling in Tears from Patients in a Traumatic Vegetative State

Following severe traumatic brain injury .（sTBI）, patients may remain in a coma, vegetative state （VS）, or minimally conscious state （MCS）, all of which are also clinically termed disorders of consciousness. Patients in a coma show complete disability in the arousal system and fail to achieve awareness spontaneously; yet true coma represents a transient state and rarely lasts longer than a month [1]. The VS （also known as unresponsive wakefulness syndrome）, characterized as a state with spontaneous or stimulus-induced eye-opening but the patient appears totally unaware of self and environment, may persist for months or years [2]. In contrast, the MCS is evidenced by preserved and reproducible signs of awareness as well as sleep-wake cycles, suggesting better recovery than coma and VS. Considering that no signs of consciousness are detectable, patients in a VS suffer from a high rate of misdiagnosis [3].

Homogeneous nitrogen-doped(111)-type layered Sr5Nb4O15-xNx as a visible-light-responsive photocatalyst for water oxidation

The development of visible-light-responsive photocatalysts for promoting solar-driven oxygen(O2)production from water splitting is a potentially attractive but still a challenging scheme.In the present work,a(111)-type layered perovskite oxynitride,Sr5Nb4O15-xNx,was synthesized via the nitridation treatment of the disk-like oxide precursor under the ammonia flow,which was fabricated using a flux method.The homogeneous dispersion of nitrogen(N)dopant in N-doped Sr5Nb4O15 was ascertained by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy characterization,and the Sr5Nb4O15-xNx was found to be a direct semiconductor with a light absorption edge of approximately 640 nm.Density functional theory investigation implies that the hybridization between the outmost N 2p orbitals and O 2p orbitals upshifts the original valence band maximum of Sr5Nb4O15 and endows its visible-light-responsive characteristics.Loading with cobalt oxide(CoOx)as cocatalyst,the as-prepared Sr5Nb4O15-xNx exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic O2 evolution activity from water splitting under visible-light illumination(λ>420 nm).Moreover,another homogeneous N-doped layered perovskite-type niobium(Nb)-based oxynitride,Ba5Nb4O15-xNx,was also developed and investigated for the visible-light-actuated O2 production,highlighting the versatility of the present approach for exploring novel visible-light-responsive photocatalysts.

Advances in the relationship between coronavirus infection and coagulation function

To the Editor:It is reported that the patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection who were admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)had longer prothrombin time and higher plasma D-dimer levels compared to those who were not admitted to the ICU.This indicates that these patients had a higher risk of thromboembolism.In addition,plasma tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels in ICU patients were significantly higher than those in non-ICU patients,and plasma TNF-αlevels,interleukin(IL)-1 levels and IL-8 levels in all infected patients were higher than normal.[1]The high expression of these inflammatory cytokines indicates that there is an inflammatory response in infected patients,and the inflammatory response is more obvious in severe patients.