肺放线菌病支气管镜下表现特征及分型

目的探讨肺放线菌病的临床特点、支气管镜下表现特征及分型,以提高对该病的认识和诊疗水平。方法回顾性分析该中心经病理确诊为肺放线菌病的65例患者的临床病史、影像特征、支气管镜下表现和治疗方法等。结果该病常见主诉为咯血和咳嗽,影像学表现缺乏特异性;支气管镜下可表现为乳白色脓液、坏死、新生物、异物或结石钙化侵蚀感染、非特异性充血、水肿等,通过支气管镜或其他形式的病理活检可确诊。结论肺放线菌病极易被误诊,支气管镜下可表现为隐匿表现型、化脓坏死型、腔内肿物型、机化侵蚀型和混合表现型。积极抗生素治疗或手术治疗后治愈率较高。

加速康复外科在腹腔镜肾上腺切除围手术期中的临床应用经验

目的探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)在腹腔镜肾上腺切除围手术期中的临床应用经验。方法2016年1月-2020年12月该院腹腔镜肾上腺切除术患者46例围手术期接受ERAS管理和57例接受传统管理,比较两组患者术后胃肠排气恢复时间、术后2 h疼痛评分、术后住院时间、尿路感染、尿潴留发生率、呼吸道感染发生率、深静脉血栓形成和切口感染的发生情况。结果两组患者性别、年龄、肾上腺左右侧、肾上腺肿瘤病理分类、肿瘤大小、是否伴有高血压、手术方式(经腹腔或腹膜后)、手术时间和术中出血情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ERAS组胃肠排气恢复时间及术后住院日均较传统组时间缩短,呼吸道感染发生率较传统组低,术后2 h疼痛评分较传统组低(P<0.05)。两组患者尿路感染、深静脉血栓形成、切口感染、拔除导尿管后尿潴留发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论将ERAS围手术期管理理念运用于临床,能促进腹腔镜肾上腺切除术后康复,值得临床推广。

Overexpression of lysine specific demethylase 1 predicts worse prognosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients

AIM:To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of lysine specific demethylase 1(LSD1) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:We examined LSD1 expression in 60 paired liver cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) and Western blotting.In addition,we analyzed LSD1 expression in 198 HCC samples by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between LSD1 expression,clinicopathological features and patient survival was investigated.RESULTS:Immunohistochemistry,Western blotting,and qRT-PCR consistently confirmed LSD1 overexpression in HCC tissues compared to adjacent non-neoplastic tissues(P < 0.01).Additionally,immunostaining showed more LSD1-positive cells in the higher tumor stage(T3-4) and tumor grade(G3) than in the lower tumor stage(T1-2,P < 0.001) and tumor grade(G1-2,P < 0.001),respectively.Moreover,HCC patients with high LSD1 expression had significantly lower 5-year overall survival rates(P < 0.001) and lower 5-year disease-free survival rates(P < 0.001),respectively.A Cox proportional hazards model further demonstrated that LSD1 over-expression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis for both 5-year disease-free survival [hazards ratio(HR) = 1.426,95%CI:0.672-2.146,P < 0.001] and 5-year overall survival(HR = 2.456,95%CI:1.234-3.932,P < 0.001) in HCC.CONCLUSION:Our data suggest for the first time that the overexpression of LSD1 protein in HCC tissues indicates tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis.

Early Versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis with Mild Pancreatitis

The safety and feasibility of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)for acute cholecystitis with mild pancreatitis were explored.A total of 973 patients with acute pancreatitis,including 651 mild cases and 322 moderate or severe cases were retrospectively studied from July 2014 to December 2018 in our department.And 426 mild pancreatitis cases with acute cholecystitis were enrolled in this study,of which 328 patients underwent LC during the same-admission(early LC group),and 98 patients underwent LC a period of time after conservative treatment(delayed LC group).Clinical characteristics,operative findings and complications were recorded and followed up.The two groups were comparable in age,gender,the grade of American Society of Anesthesiologist(ASA),biochemical findings and Balthazar computer tomography(CT)rating(P>0.05).The operation interval and hospital stay in early LC group were significantly shorter than in delayed LC group(5.83+1.62 vs.41.3618.44 days;11.38+2.43 vs.16.49+3.48 days,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the average operation time between the two groups.No preoperative biliary related events recurred in early LC group but there were 21 cases of preoperative biliary related events in delayed LC group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in conversion rate(3.85 vs.5.10%,P=0.41)and surgical complication rate(3.95 vs.4.08%,P-0.95)between early LC group and delayed LC group.During the postoperative follow-up period of 375 cases,biliary related events recurred in 4 cases in early LC group and 3 cases in delayed LC group(P=0.37).The effect of early LC during the same-admission is better than delayed LC for acute cholecystitis with mild pancreatitis.

Manipulation of superconducting qubit with direct digital synthesis

We investigate the XY control and manipulation of the superconducting qubit state using direct digital synthesis(DDS)for the microwave pulse signal generation.The decoherence time, gate fidelity, and other qubit properties are measured and carefully characterized, and compared with the results obtained by using the traditional mixing technique for the microwave pulse generation.In particular, the qubit performance in the state manipulation with respect to the sampling rate of DDS is studied.Our results demonstrate that the present technique provides a simple and effective method for the XY control and manipulation of the superconducting qubit state.Realistic applications of the technique for the possible future scalable superconducting quantum computation are discussed.

Measuring Loschmidt echo via Floquet engineering in superconducting circuits

The Loschmidt echo is a useful diagnostic for the perfection of quantum time-reversal process and the sensitivity of quantum evolution to small perturbations. The main challenge for measuring the Loschmidt echo is the time reversal of a quantum evolution. In this work, we demonstrate the measurement of the Loschmidt echo in a superconducting 10-qubit system using Floquet engineering and discuss the imperfection of an initial Bell-state recovery arising from the next-nearestneighbor(NNN) coupling present in the qubit device. Our results show that the Loschmidt echo is very sensitive to small perturbations during quantum-state evolution, in contrast to the quantities like qubit population that is often considered in the time-reversal experiment. These properties may be employed for the investigation of multiqubit system concerning many-body decoherence and entanglement, etc., especially when devices with reduced or vanishing NNN coupling are used.

Stage Ⅲ should be subclassified into Stage ⅢA and ⅢB in the American Joint Committee on Cancer(8^(th) Edition) staging system for pancreatic cancer

AIM To ascertain the prognostic role of the T4 and N2 category in stage Ⅲ pancreatic cancer according to the 8 th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC) classification.METHODS Patients were collected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER) database(2004-2013) and were divided into three groups: T(1-3)N2, T4 N(0-1), and T4 N2. Overall survival(OS) and disease-specific survival(DSS) of patients were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS For the first time, we found a significant difference in OS and DSS between T(1-3)N2/T4 N(0-1) and T4 N2 butnot between T(1-3)N2 and T4 N(0-1). A higher grading correlated with a worse prognosis in the T(1-3)N2 and T4 N2 groups.CONCLUSION Patients with stage T4 N2 had a worse prognosis than those with stage T(1-3)N2/T4 N(0-1) in the 8 th edition AJCC staging system for pancreatic cancer. We recommend that stage Ⅲ should be subclassified into stage ⅢA [T(1-3)N2/T4 N(0-1)] and stage ⅢB(T4 N2).

Fabrication of Al air-bridge on coplanar waveguide

Superconducting coplanar waveguide（CPW） can be widely used as two-dimensional（2 D） resonator, transmission line or feedline, providing an important component for superconducting quantum circuit which is a promising candidate for quantum information processing. Due to the discontinuities and asymmetries in the ground planes, CPW usually exhibits the spurious resonance, which is a common source of decoherence in circuit quantum electrodynamics experiments. To mitigate the spurious resonance, we fabricated superconducting aluminum air-bridges on Nb CPW. The fabricated airbridges are approximately 3 m high and up to 120 m long. Compared with other methods, the fabrication procedures of our air-bridges are simpler, and the air-bridge can withstand strong ultrasound.

UV-Vis-NIR Light-deformable Shape-memory Polyurethane Doped with Liquid-crystal Mixture and GO towards Biomimetic Applications

Nature has been inspiring material researchers to fabricate biomimetic functional devices for various applications, and shape-memory polymer materials(SMPMs) have received tremendous attention since the promising intelligent materials possess more advantages over others for the fabrication of biomimetic functional devices. As is well-known, SMPMs can be stimulated by heat, electricity, magnetism, pH, solvent and light. From the viewpoint of practical applications, ultraviolet(UV)-visible(Vis)-near infrared(NIR) light-responsive SMPMs are undoubtedly more advantageous. However, up to now, UV-Vis-NIR light-deformable SMPMs by combining photothermal and photochemical effects are still rarely reported. Here we designed a UV-Vis-NIR light-deformable SMP composite film via incorporating a liquid crystal(LC) mixture and graphene oxide(GO) into a shape-memory polyurethane matrix. The elongated composite films exhibited interesting photomechanical bending deformations with different light-triggered mechanisms,(1) photochemically induced LC phase transition upon UV exposure,(2) photochemically and photothermally induced LC phase transition upon visible-light irradiation,(3) photothermally triggered LC phase transition and partial stress relaxation upon low-intensity NIR exposure. All the deformed objects could recover to their original shapes by high-intensity NIR irradiation.Moreover, the biomimetic circadian rhythms of acacia leaves and the biomimetic bending/spreading of fingers were successfully achieved, which could blaze a way in the field of biomimetic functional devices due to the excellent light-deformable and shape-memory properties of the SMP composite films.

nfluences of superheat and cooling intensity on macrostructure and macrosegregation of duplex stainless steel studied by thermal simulation

The influences of superheat and cooling intensity on macrostructure and macrosegregation of one new kind duplex stainless steel(DSS)were studied.Thermal simulation equipment was applied to prepare samples,which could reproduce the industrial processes of DSS manufactured by a vertical continuous slab caster.Macrostructure and macrosegregation were analyzed using the digital single lens reflex and laser-induced breakdown spectroscope(LIBSOPA-200),respectively.The percentage of both chill zone and center equiaxed zone increases with the superheat decreasing,while that of the columnar zone decreases.There is only equiaxed grain existing as the superheat is 10 and 20℃.The lower the superheat is,the coarser the gain size is.High cooling intensity in mold could remarkably decrease the chill zone length and refine the grains in chill zone and center equiaxed zone.The influences of cooling intensity on macrosegregation are greater than those of superheat.The macrosegregation of Si,Mn and Cr is slightly dependent on superheat,while that of Cu,Mo and Ni changes greatly with superheat increasing.

Macroscopic Regulation of Hierarchical Nanostructures in Liquid-crystalline Block Copolymers towards Functional Materials

The great potential of liquid-crystalline block copolymers(LCBCs)containing photoresponsive mesogens toward novel applications in photonics and nanotechnology has been attracting increasing attention,due to the combination of the inherent property of microphase separation of block copolymers and the hierarchically-assembled structures of liquid-crystalline polymers(LCPs).The periodically ordered nanostructures in bulk film of LCBCs can be acquired by supramolecular cooperative motion,derived from the interaction between liquid-crystalline elastic deformation and microphase separation,which are able to improve physical properties of polymer film toward advanced functional applications.Moreover,various micro/nano-patterned structures have been fabricated via light manipulation of photoresponsive LCBCs with good reproducibility and mass production.Thanks to recent developments in synthesis and polymerization techniques,diverse azobenzene-containing LCBCs have been designed,resulting in the creation of a wide variety of novel functions.This review illustrates recent progresses in macroscopic regulation of hierarchical nanostructures in LCBCs towards functional materials.The existing challenges are also discussed,showing perspectives for future studies.

A colorimetric chemosensor based on new water-soluble PODIPY dye for Hg^(2+) detection

The phosphorus-containing PODIPY 1 as a chemosensor can detect Hg^2＋ by a color change from pink to violet red without the use of any instrumentation. PODIPY 1 was selective to Hg^2＋ with a remarkable absorption change, and addition of other relevant metal ions caused almost no absorption change. The new PODIPY dye 1 was sensitive to various concentrations of Hg^2＋. The energy gap between the HOMO and LUMO of the metal complex 1–Hg^2＋ is smaller than that of chemosensor 1, which is in good agreement with the red shift in the absorption observed upon treatment of 1 with Hg^2＋. The 1-based test strips were easily fabricated and low-cost, useful in practical and efficient Hg^2＋test kits.