The influence of diabetes enhanced inflammation on cell apoptosis and periodontitis

Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder leading to hyperglycemia and exhibiting altered fat and protein metabolism. Diabetes altered cellular microenvironment caused myriad untoward effects. Periodontitis is chronic inflammatory disease. Diabetes and periodontitis had higher prevalence in populations. The objective studied the relationship between diabetes and periodontitis associated with cell apoptosis and the influence of diabetes enhanced inflammation on apoptosis and periodontitis. Methods: This paper studied and analyzed the papers which published in the worldwide associated with the influence of diabetes enhanced inflammation on cell apoptosis and periodontitis, and reviewed the probably mechanism associated with apoptosis. Results: Diabetes induced hyperglycemia enhanced inflammation related to cell apoptosis. Periodontitis had a higher morbidity on diabetes patients. Periodontal intervention may be benefit to controlling the diabetes. The bidirectional efficiency happened between diabetes and periodontitis. Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammation option can improve the therapeutic effects on diabetes and periodontitis. The finding included following several aspects. 1) Advanced glycation end products enhanced inflammatory response;2) Hyperglycemia induced cell apoptosis;3) inflammatory cytokines caused cell apoptosis;4) Mutuality between cell apoptosis and periodontitis;5) Diabetes induce periodontitis and bone loss;6) Periodontitis induced insulin resistance. 7) TNFα induce prostaglandins elicited cell apoptosis;8) periodontal therapies had effects on diabetes. Conclusion: Diabetes can enhance inflamemation leading to apoptosis and periodontitis. Effective periodontal therapy and control glucose may produce better effects on diabetes or periodontitis. Further research required to investigate the bidirectional mechanism between diabetes and periodontitis.

Maximum entropy mobility spectrum analysis for the type-ⅠWeyl semimetal TaAs

Due to non-saturating magnetoresistance(MR)and the special compensation mechanism,the Weyl semimetal Ta As single crystal has attracted considerable attention in condensed matter physics.Herein,we use maximum entropy mobility spectrum analysis(MEMSA)to extract charge carrier information by fitting the experimentally measured longitudinal and transverse electric transport curves of Ta As.The carrier types and the number of bands are obtained without any hypothesis.Study of the temperature dependence shows details of carrier property evolution.Our quantitative results explain the nonsaturated magnetoresistance and Hall sign change phenomena of TaAs.

Development of lithium-free P2-type high-sodium content cathode materials with enhanced cycle and air stability for sodium-ion batteries

The effect of partial substitution of Mg for Ni on a high-sodium and lithium-free layered P2-type Na_(45/54)Mg_(6)/_(54)Ni_(12/54)Mn_(34/54)O_(2) cathode with high initial Coulombic efficiency and excellent cyclic stability has been investigated in this study.Based on the crystal structural analysis,the Mg doping can retain the P2 structure up to 4.3 V,thus restraining the detrimental phase transformation of P2-02during the Na-ion intercalation/deintercalation process.Therefore,the obtained Mg-doped P2-type cathode exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 109 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1C between 2.0 and 4.3 V and a retention rate of 81.5% after 200cycles at 1C.In addition,the full cell consisting of Mg-doped P2-type cathode and hard carbon anode shows a capacity retention rate of 85.6% after 100 cycles.This study provides new insight into the development of durable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

Fungal diversity notes 1611-1716: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on fungal genera and species emphasis in south China

This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical distributions.Ageratinicolaceae fam.nov.is introduced and accommodated in Pleosporales.The new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,A.elliptica,A.pallidesporae,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,D.campylandrae,D.longipapillata,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,F.pannaensis,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,I.lucida,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,L.clavulata,L.cobiae,L.cosmodisci,L.nilotica,L.omalii,L.robusta,L.similis,L.stigmatophora,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,O.yunnanensis,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma pyrrosiae.We provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides var.brevisporus introduced as a new variety based on morphology and phylogeny.

细胞色素P450CYP81A6基因在水稻中的表达:组织特异性、蛋白质亚细胞定位以及对除草剂的响应(英文)

目的:分析CYP81A6基因在苯达松及甲磺隆处理下的诱导表达模式,解释该基因与两种除草剂代谢相关的可能原因。创新点:从两种除草剂降解途径中产生的小分子物质的结构相似性出发,通过基因诱导表达的特点分析,解释CYP81A6和两种除草剂降解相关的原因。方法:通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)来分析基因表达的特点;利用CYP81A6启动子与GUS报告基因构建的载体来分析组织特异性表达;通过亚细胞定位来确定CYP81A6发挥功能的场所。结论:CYP81A6基因受苯达松及甲磺隆诱导,在不同的时间点开始上调,说明了甲磺隆的降解中间产物可以诱导这个基因的表达;CYP81A6是组成型表达,在根、茎、叶中均有表达;亚细胞定位结果证明CYP81A6是一个内质网上的蛋白。

农杆菌介导的水稻转化植株遗传变异特征的全基因组分析（英文）

目的:揭示转基因水稻全基因组遗传变异的特征与频率。创新点:通过单核苷酸分辨率揭示了农杆菌介导法转化水稻植株全基因组水平遗传变异的类型和频率以及外源DNA的整合模式。方法:应用Illumina Hiseq2000高通量测序技术测定了5个T0代转基因水稻株系的基因组序列。结合生物信息学分析和聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增,以及Sanger测序,我们检测和验证单核苷酸多态性(SNP)和Indel变化类型和数量,转移DNA(T-DNA)及其载体骨架序列和转座子整合位点及特征,大片段的结构变异等遗传变异。结论:结果表明,农杆菌介导的水稻遗传转化,除T-DNA整合到水稻基因组外,还存在载体骨架整合现象;每个转基因水稻基因组的变异(SNP和小片段的缺失插入)数目为338–1774,与报道的组培过程中产生的变异类似;转基因水稻基因组仅存在Tos17转座子数量的变化,未检测到其他转座子数目和位置的变化。

水稻低植酸基因OsLpa1可变剪接和表达的时空特征及编码蛋白的亚细胞定位（英文）

目的:揭示水稻低植酸基因OsLpa1的分子生物学特征,特别是深化对其可变剪切和表达的时空和组织特征,以及蛋白亚细胞定位的认识。创新点:确定了OsLpa1存在的三种剪切方式,明确了三种转录本在不同组织和发育时期丰度的变化;揭示了OsLpa1表达的组织和时空差异,确定其在根、种子糊粉层细胞和花丝中高度表达;明确了三种转录本编码的蛋白均定位于亚叶绿体。方法:通过培育OsLpa1启动子与β-葡萄糖醛酸糖苷酶(GUS)杂合基因的转基因植株,通过不同组织的GUS组织化学染色确定OsLpa1表达的组织特异性;通过设计特异性引物确定OsLpa1存在的转录方式,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分析三种转录本在不同组织和发育时期的丰度;采用OsLpa1三种转录本与绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因构建杂合基因并在水稻原生质体中的瞬时表达,在共聚焦显微镜下观察蛋白的亚细胞定位。结论:OsLpa1在根、茎、叶和花丝有强烈的表达。它存在三种可变剪切方式,产生的三种转录本存在明显的时空和组织差异,但其编码的蛋白均定位于叶绿体。