Cu添加量对铸态CrFeCoNiCu_(x)高熵合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

详细研究Cu添加量对铸态CrFeCoNi高熵合金显微组织演变和室温拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明,添加Cu元素使高熵合金相结构由FCC单相转变为FCC1+FCC2双相。FCC2相是存在于枝晶间的富Cu相,且其体积分数随Cu含量的增加而提高。富Cu相的形成主要归因于Cu与其他金属元素的混合焓较大,从而导致凝固之前的液相分离。由于位错滑移的短程障碍增强,高熵合金的屈服强度和极限抗拉强度与Cu含量呈正相关关系。然而,由于位错在晶界堆积而产生的应力场叠加更为显著,因此,含Cu高熵合金的断裂应变较小。

严重精神障碍主要照料者抑郁现状及干预研究

目的了解严重精神障碍主要照料者抑郁现状及影响因素,探讨其心理干预效果。方法随机抽取新乡市在管严重精神障碍患者的主要照料者300人,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组患者主要照料者接受精神科主治医师的心理干预,主要采用集中讲座和活动讨论的方式,1次/月,为期半年。干预前后所有对象均接受抑郁自评量表测试,影响因素采用Logistic回归分析。结果严重精神障碍主要照料者抑郁倾向阳性率为75.67%;主要照料者不同年龄、职业、性别、文化程度及与患者关系等因素间抑郁倾向阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,主要照料者年龄增加、文化程度加深、病程的迁移及女性是主要照料者抑郁倾向的高危因素。高人均纯收入、与患者关系疏远及医疗费用支付方式公费为保护性因素。干预后干预组抑郁自评量表得分低于对照组(P<0.05),同组比较,干预组干预后得分低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论严重精神障碍主要照料者心理现状较差,抑郁倾向阳性率较高,心理干预能够有效改善患者主要照料者心理状况。

精神分裂症青少年患者及其父母的家庭功能研究

目的了解精神分裂症青少年患者与其家属及正常家庭青少年家庭功能差异,探索精神分裂症青少年患者家庭康复方法。方法随机抽取新乡市与父母一同居住的精神分裂症青少年患者及家属为病例组(96例),对照组(92例)来源于患者本村/社区,利用家庭功能评定量表(FAD)和家庭亲密度及适应性评定量表(FACES)对各研究对象进行问卷调查。结果病例组和对照组青少年FAD 7个维度(角色扮演、问题解决、家庭沟通、情感介入、情感反应、行为控制和总功能)得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),病例组得分高于对照组。两组研究对象FACES的适用性和亲密度2个维度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),病例组得分低于对照组。母亲与患者之间的家庭功能状况一致性较好(P>0.05),父亲与患者和母亲的家庭功能差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论青少年精神分裂症患者家庭功能较差,患者家庭成员间家庭功能有较大差异。

Changes in Plasma Angiotensin II and Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients with Sleep Apnea Syndrome Before and After Treatment

Objective To explore the changes in plasma angiotensin II (Ang II) and circadian rhythm of blood pressure among hypertensive patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or surgical treatment.Methods A total of 180 essential hypertension patients were enrolled in our study.The determination of plasma Ang II concentration,ambulatory blood pressure (ABP),and polysomnography (PSG) monitoring were performed before and 3 months after CPAP or surgical treatment.Results Patients were classified into three groups by their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI):essential hypertension group (EH group,n=72;AHI<5),essential hypertension with mild SAS group (EH+mild SAS group,n=60,5≤AHI<20),and essential hypertension with moderate and severe SAS group (EH+moderate-severe SAS group,n=48,AHI≥20).The concentrations of plasma AngⅡ in the above three groups were 13.42±3.27,16.17±3.82,and 18.73±4.05 ng/mL respectively before treatment,and AngⅡ concentration in EH patients combined with SAS was significantly higher than that in EH group (all P<0.05).After treatment the values in the latter two groups significantly decreased to 14.67±2.56 and 15.03±3.41 ng/mL respectively (P<0.05).The incidence of non-dipper blood pressure curve in EH patients was 31.9%,and those in hypertensive patients with mild SAS and moderate-severe SAS were 51.7% and 58.3%,respectively before treatment.The incidence of non-dipper blood pressure curve in the EH patients with mild SAS was significantly higher than that of patients with EH alone (P<0.05).After CPAP treatment or surgery,the incidence of non-dipper blood pressure curve in the two SAS groups was significantly decreased to 38.3% and 39.6%,respectively (P<0.05).Conclusions Ang II might play a role in blood pressure variability in patients with obstructive SAS.CPAP or surgical treatment can improve blood pressure disorder and decrease plasma Ang II level in patients with obstructive SAS.

Application of Real-time Ultrasound Elastography in Diagnosing Benign and Malignant Thyroid Solid Nodules

Objective Real-time ultrasound elastography(US-E) is a helpful tool in diagnosing thyroid nodules.This study aims to evaluate thyroid solid nodules,to establish the accuracy of US-E in providing information on the nature of these nodules,and to assess the clinical value of elasticity scores(ES) and strain ratio(SR) in differentiating thyroid solid nodules and to explore its distribution characteristics using pathological analysis as reference. Methods Traditional ultrasonography and US-E were performed on 131 thyroid solid nodules(99 benign ones and 32 malignant ones) in 120 patients(78 females and 41 males).Three radiologists evaluated the nodules based on a four-degree elasticity scoring system.The nodules were classified according to the ES as soft(ES 1-2) or hard(ES 3-4).The SR was calculated online. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the ES for thyroid cancer diagnosis were 78%and 80%,respectively.SR values > 2.9 used as a standard to distinguish benign from malignant nodules had a sensitivity of 87%and a specificity of 92%.The SR of the benign lesions was 1.64±1.37,which was significantly different from that of malignant lesions,which was 4.96±2.13(P<0.01). Conclusions Both the ES and SR were higher in malignant nodules than those in benign ones.Real-time US-E was a useful index in the differential diagnosis of thyroid solid nodules.It can provide quantitative information on thyroid nodule characterization and improve diagnostic confidence.

Characterization of E-cadherin expression in normal mucosa,dysplasia and adenocarcinoma of gastric cardia and its influence on prognosis

BACKGROUND Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA),which has been classified as type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in western countries,is of similar geographic distribution with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China,and even referred as"sister cancer"by Chinese oncologists.The molecular mechanism for GCA is largely unknown.Recent studies have shown that decreased expression of E-cadherin is associated with the invasion and metastasis of multiple cancers.However,the E-cadherin expression has not been well characterized in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and its effect on GCA prognosis.AIM To characterize E-cadherin expression in normal gastric cardia mucosa,dysplasia and GCA tissues,and its influence on prognosis for GCA.METHODS A total of 4561 patients with GCA were enrolled from our previously established GCA and esophageal cancer databases.The enrollment criteria included radical surgery for GCA,but without any radio-or chemo-therapy before operation.The GCA tissue from 4561 patients and matched adjacent normal epithelial tissue(n=208)and dysplasia lesions(n=156)were collected,and processed as tissue microarray for immunohistochemistry.The clinicopathological characteristics were retrieved from the medical records in hospital and follow-up was carried out through letter,telephone or home interview.E-cadherin protein expression was determined by two step immunohistochemistry.Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to correlate E-cadherin protein expression with survival of GCA patients.RESULTS Of the 4561 GCA patients,there were 3607 males with a mean age of 61.6±8.8 and 954 females with a mean age of 61.9±8.6 years,respectively.With the lesions progressed from normal gastric cardia mucosa to dysplasia and GCA,the positive immunostaining rates for E-cadherin decreased significantly from 100%to 93.0%and 84.1%,respectively(R2=0.9948).Furthermore,E-cadherin positive immunostaining rate was significantly higher in patients at early stage(0 and I)than in those at late stage(II and III)(92.7%vs 83.7%,P=0.001).E-cadherin positive expression rate was significantly associated with degree of differentiation(P=0.001)and invasion depth(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that the GCA patients with positive E-cadherin immunostaining had better survival than those with negative(P=0.026).It was noteworthy that E-cadherin positive expression rate was similar in patients with positive and negative lymph node metastasis.However,in patients with negative lymph node metastasis,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.036).Similarly,in patients with late stage GCA,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.011).CONCLUSION E-cadherin expression may be involved in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and low expression of E-cadherin may be a promising early biomarker and overall survival predictor for GCA.

Truth telling for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Henan,China

Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.

Absorption Spectrum of Neutral Krypton in the Near Infrared Region

High-resolution absorption spectra of atomic krypton in the range of 11870-12700 cm-1 were recorded by employing concentration modulation absorption spectroscopy technique with a tunable single-mode cw Ti:Sapphire laser. The krypton atoms were excited to the absorbing energy states by discharge-burning in a mixture of helium and krypton. A total of 120 lines of neutral krypton were observed, among them 33 lines had already been classified in previous studies, 45 lines were newly classifi ed with the known energy levels, and 42 lines cannot be classified. These unclassi ed lines indicate that up to now unknown energy levels of Kr must exist. Further, an analysis of the unclassi ed lines to get possible new energy levels with a classi cation program is reported.

Spherical lanthanide nanoclusters toward white-light emission and cell membrane imaging

Lanthanide doping is an effective strategy for modulating the emission of emitters.Herein,by changing the cluster composition to control the energy transfer pathway,the application potential of high-nuclearity lanthanide cluster(HLC)as white-light emitter has been confirmed for the first time.Specifically,by precisely controlling the proportion of GdIII,TbIII,and EuIII ions in reactants,we obtained a spherical heterotrimetallic nanocluster Gd_(10)Tb_(12)Eu_(10),a white-light emitter with quantum yield(QY)of 12.58%and lifetime of 327.14μs.High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HRESI-MS)demonstrates that homometallic nanoclusters Ln_(32)(Ln=Gd,Tb,and Eu)are tetracationic clusters and are highly stable in solution.The peripheral dense organic ligands provide a protective layer for the cluster core,which improves the stability of Ln_(32) in aqueous solution,avoids the contact between metal centers and bioactive molecules,and greatly reduces the biological toxicity.In cell imaging experiments,cationic clusters Ln_(32) are mainly localized on the cell membrane with negative charge distribution.As far as we know,this is the first time that spherical lanthanide nanoclusters have been used for membrane imaging of living cell,opening the door for the application of HLCs in biological imaging.