Background： Although that glomerulonephritis is the major cause of end-stage renal disease in developing countries such as China, the increasing prevalence of diabetes has contributed to the changing spectrum of pred...Background： Although that glomerulonephritis is the major cause of end-stage renal disease in developing countries such as China, the increasing prevalence of diabetes has contributed to the changing spectrum of predialysis chronic kidney disease. Recent studies have revealed an increased proportion of patients with diabetic kidney disease （DKD） in hemodialysis populations in large cities in China. However, studies regarding the clinical phenotype of DKD in China are extremely limited. The incidence, development, and prognosis of diabetic kidney disease （INDEED） study aims to investigate the incidence, progression, and prognosis of DKD, as well as the associated genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors and biomarkers in patients with DKD in China. Methods： INDEED study is a prospective cohort study based on all participants with diabetes in the Kailuan study, which is a general population-based cohort study in northern China. Altogether, over 10,000 participants with diabetes will be followed biennially. Questionnaires documenting general characteristics, behavioral and environmental factors, and medical history will be administrated. Anthropometric measurements and a series of laboratory tests will be peribrmed in one central laboratory. The DNA, plasma, and urine samples of every participant will be stored in a biobank for future research. Conclusions： INDEED study will provide essential information regarding the clinical phenotype and prognosis of patients with DKD in China and will be valuable to identity factors and biomarkers associated with patients with DKD in China.展开更多
This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates（50 mm thick） by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-...This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates（50 mm thick） by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.展开更多
A novel electrochemical sensor based on the immobilization of tyrosinase（tyr） onto gold nanoparticles（nano-Au） and thioctic acid amide（T-NH2） self-assembled monolayers（SAMs）-modified gold electrode has been de...A novel electrochemical sensor based on the immobilization of tyrosinase（tyr） onto gold nanoparticles（nano-Au） and thioctic acid amide（T-NH2） self-assembled monolayers（SAMs）-modified gold electrode has been developed for the determination of bisphenol A（BPA）.It was found that the nano-Au could significantly enhance the electrochemical response of tyr/nano-Au/T-NH2/Au electrode to BPA,and the enhancement effect of nano-Au on the current response was also related to the enzyme.The results indicated that the biosensor could be used as a detector for BPA determination with a linear range from3.99 ×10-7mol/L to 2.34 ×10-4mol/L and a detection limit of 1.33×10-7mol/L.In addition,this biosensor showed good reproducibility.展开更多
Many applications need to meet diverse requirements of a large-scale distributed user group.That challenges the current requirements engineering techniques.Crowd-based requirements engineering was proposed as an umbre...Many applications need to meet diverse requirements of a large-scale distributed user group.That challenges the current requirements engineering techniques.Crowd-based requirements engineering was proposed as an umbrella term for dealing with the requirements development in the context of the large-scale user group.However,there are still many issues.Among others,a key issue is how to merge these requirements to produce the synthesized requirements description when a set of requirements descriptions from different participants are received.Appropriate techniques are needed for supporting the requirements synthesis.Diagrams are widely used in industry to represent requirements.This paper chooses the activity diagrams and proposes a novel approach for the activity diagram synthesis which adopts the genetic algorithm to repeatedly modify a population of individual solutions toward an optimal solution.As a result,it can automatically generate a resulting diagram which combines the commonalities as many as possible while leveraging the variabilities of a set of input diagrams.The approach is featured by:1)the labelled graph proposed as the representation of the candidate solutions during the iterative evolution;2)the generalized entropy proposed and defined as the measurement of the solutions;3)the genetic algorithm designed for sorting out the high-quality solution.Four cases of different scales are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the approach.The experimental results show that not only the approach gets high precision and recall but also the resulting diagram satisfies the properties of minimization and information preservation and can support the requirements traceability.展开更多
文摘Background： Although that glomerulonephritis is the major cause of end-stage renal disease in developing countries such as China, the increasing prevalence of diabetes has contributed to the changing spectrum of predialysis chronic kidney disease. Recent studies have revealed an increased proportion of patients with diabetic kidney disease （DKD） in hemodialysis populations in large cities in China. However, studies regarding the clinical phenotype of DKD in China are extremely limited. The incidence, development, and prognosis of diabetic kidney disease （INDEED） study aims to investigate the incidence, progression, and prognosis of DKD, as well as the associated genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors and biomarkers in patients with DKD in China. Methods： INDEED study is a prospective cohort study based on all participants with diabetes in the Kailuan study, which is a general population-based cohort study in northern China. Altogether, over 10,000 participants with diabetes will be followed biennially. Questionnaires documenting general characteristics, behavioral and environmental factors, and medical history will be administrated. Anthropometric measurements and a series of laboratory tests will be peribrmed in one central laboratory. The DNA, plasma, and urine samples of every participant will be stored in a biobank for future research. Conclusions： INDEED study will provide essential information regarding the clinical phenotype and prognosis of patients with DKD in China and will be valuable to identity factors and biomarkers associated with patients with DKD in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50935008)
文摘This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates（50 mm thick） by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (No. B2010000844)Research Foundation of Education Department of Hebei Province of China (No. ZH2012078)
文摘A novel electrochemical sensor based on the immobilization of tyrosinase（tyr） onto gold nanoparticles（nano-Au） and thioctic acid amide（T-NH2） self-assembled monolayers（SAMs）-modified gold electrode has been developed for the determination of bisphenol A（BPA）.It was found that the nano-Au could significantly enhance the electrochemical response of tyr/nano-Au/T-NH2/Au electrode to BPA,and the enhancement effect of nano-Au on the current response was also related to the enzyme.The results indicated that the biosensor could be used as a detector for BPA determination with a linear range from3.99 ×10-7mol/L to 2.34 ×10-4mol/L and a detection limit of 1.33×10-7mol/L.In addition,this biosensor showed good reproducibility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61620106007,61751210 and 61690200.
文摘Many applications need to meet diverse requirements of a large-scale distributed user group.That challenges the current requirements engineering techniques.Crowd-based requirements engineering was proposed as an umbrella term for dealing with the requirements development in the context of the large-scale user group.However,there are still many issues.Among others,a key issue is how to merge these requirements to produce the synthesized requirements description when a set of requirements descriptions from different participants are received.Appropriate techniques are needed for supporting the requirements synthesis.Diagrams are widely used in industry to represent requirements.This paper chooses the activity diagrams and proposes a novel approach for the activity diagram synthesis which adopts the genetic algorithm to repeatedly modify a population of individual solutions toward an optimal solution.As a result,it can automatically generate a resulting diagram which combines the commonalities as many as possible while leveraging the variabilities of a set of input diagrams.The approach is featured by:1)the labelled graph proposed as the representation of the candidate solutions during the iterative evolution;2)the generalized entropy proposed and defined as the measurement of the solutions;3)the genetic algorithm designed for sorting out the high-quality solution.Four cases of different scales are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the approach.The experimental results show that not only the approach gets high precision and recall but also the resulting diagram satisfies the properties of minimization and information preservation and can support the requirements traceability.
