BACKGROUND We report a case of Intracardiac,pulmonary,and intravenous cement embolism after cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation in treating spondylolisthesis underlying osteoporotic bone,which was successfu...BACKGROUND We report a case of Intracardiac,pulmonary,and intravenous cement embolism after cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation in treating spondylolisthesis underlying osteoporotic bone,which was successfully managed by conservative treatment.We describe the treatment and outcome of the patient,hoping to shed light on the management of bone cement embolism.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female suffered from progressive low back pain and numbness in lower extremities for 30 years.She was diagnosed with L4 and L5 spondylolisthesis,spinal stenosis,and osteoporosis.The patient underwent spinal canal decompression,an interbody fusion of L4/5 and L5/S1,cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation in L4-L5 segments,and regular pedicle screw in S1 segments.Three days postoperatively,a sudden drop in oxygen saturation occurred.Computerized tomography scan confirmed Intracardiac,pulmonary,and intravenous embolism.The patient was treated conservatively by continuous low-flow oxygen inhalation,anti-coagulation,and antibiotic therapy for 1 mo and continued anticoagulation treatment for 6 mo.The patient showed no further symptoms in a 30-mo follow-up.CONCLUSION Intracardiac,pulmonary cement embolism after cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation is extremely rare.Careful clinical and radiographic evaluation is required in multiple sites of bone cement embolism.Conservative treatment may be a primary consideration in scattered emboli without life-threatening conditions,but a clinical decision should be made on an individualized basis.展开更多
Ether-based solvents generally show better affinity for lithium metal,and thus ether-based electrolytes(EBEs)are more inclined to form a uniform and thin solid electrolyte interface(SEI),ensuring the long cycle stabil...Ether-based solvents generally show better affinity for lithium metal,and thus ether-based electrolytes(EBEs)are more inclined to form a uniform and thin solid electrolyte interface(SEI),ensuring the long cycle stability of the lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Nonetheless,EBEs still face the challenge of oxidative decomposition under high voltage,which will corrode the structure of cathodes,destroy the stability of the electrode−electrolyte interface,and even cause safety risks.Herein,the types and challenges of EBEs are reviewed,the strategies for improving the high voltage stability of EBEs and constructing stable electrode−electrolyte interfaces are discussed in detail.Finally,the future perspectives and potential directions for composition optimization of EBEs and electrolyte−electrode interface regulation of high-voltage LMBs are explored.展开更多
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.20ykpy94.
文摘BACKGROUND We report a case of Intracardiac,pulmonary,and intravenous cement embolism after cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation in treating spondylolisthesis underlying osteoporotic bone,which was successfully managed by conservative treatment.We describe the treatment and outcome of the patient,hoping to shed light on the management of bone cement embolism.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female suffered from progressive low back pain and numbness in lower extremities for 30 years.She was diagnosed with L4 and L5 spondylolisthesis,spinal stenosis,and osteoporosis.The patient underwent spinal canal decompression,an interbody fusion of L4/5 and L5/S1,cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation in L4-L5 segments,and regular pedicle screw in S1 segments.Three days postoperatively,a sudden drop in oxygen saturation occurred.Computerized tomography scan confirmed Intracardiac,pulmonary,and intravenous embolism.The patient was treated conservatively by continuous low-flow oxygen inhalation,anti-coagulation,and antibiotic therapy for 1 mo and continued anticoagulation treatment for 6 mo.The patient showed no further symptoms in a 30-mo follow-up.CONCLUSION Intracardiac,pulmonary cement embolism after cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation is extremely rare.Careful clinical and radiographic evaluation is required in multiple sites of bone cement embolism.Conservative treatment may be a primary consideration in scattered emboli without life-threatening conditions,but a clinical decision should be made on an individualized basis.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China (No.2023JJ40759)the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy in Central South University,China。
文摘Ether-based solvents generally show better affinity for lithium metal,and thus ether-based electrolytes(EBEs)are more inclined to form a uniform and thin solid electrolyte interface(SEI),ensuring the long cycle stability of the lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Nonetheless,EBEs still face the challenge of oxidative decomposition under high voltage,which will corrode the structure of cathodes,destroy the stability of the electrode−electrolyte interface,and even cause safety risks.Herein,the types and challenges of EBEs are reviewed,the strategies for improving the high voltage stability of EBEs and constructing stable electrode−electrolyte interfaces are discussed in detail.Finally,the future perspectives and potential directions for composition optimization of EBEs and electrolyte−electrode interface regulation of high-voltage LMBs are explored.
