苏州某社区高血压患者视网膜病变与尿白蛋白/肌酐的关系

目的:探讨苏州某社区高血压患者视网膜动脉狭窄的危险因素及与尿白蛋白/肌酐的(UACR)关系,为靶器官损害的预防、延缓提供一定依据。方法:本研究采用横断面调查的方法,纳入高血压患者1 983例,根据眼底检测情况分成正常组944例,狭窄组1 039例。收集基线资料及进行尿白蛋白/尿肌酐测定,分析视网膜动脉狭窄危险因素及与UACR的关系。结果:两组患者年龄、糖尿病水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0. 05);年龄(OR=1. 013,P=0. 011)、糖尿病(OR=1. 352,P=0.008)为视网膜动脉狭窄的危险因素;高血压视网膜病变(HR)检出率为95.56%,其中以Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级轻度病变为主;两组患者白蛋白尿分组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中眼底狭窄组大量白蛋白尿占比65. 59%,高于微量白蛋白尿54. 21%,高于正常组50.52%。结论:年龄和糖尿病是高血压患者视网膜动脉狭窄的危险因素,视网膜病变与UACR有关系,社区应加强健康宣教,早期进行视网膜、肾脏筛查,预防、延缓病情进展。

Multi-performance evaluation of high-throughput accelerated corrosion test for high-strength low-alloy 921A steel

The corrosion behavior of high-strength low-alloy 921A steel in a simulated marine atmospheric environment was studied using a high-throughput experimental method.The corrosion behavior,corrosion morphology,and corrosion products of 921A steels were analyzed using various techniques,including corrosion mass loss method,polarization curve,white-light interferometry,scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectrometry,microbeam X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffraction technique,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The test results indicated that 921A steel exhibits better corrosion resistance than Q450NQR1 steel in simulated harsh atmospheric environments,as evidenced by a lower corrosion mass loss rate throughout the corrosion tests.The corrosion products of both steels consisted ofα-FeOOH,Fe_(3)O_(4),andγ-FeOOH,withα-FeOOH being more prevalent in the rust layer of 921A steel than in Q450NQR1 steel.The inner rust layer of 921A steel also exhibited an appositional enrichment region of Cr,Ni,Mo,and V,leading to its superior corrosion resistance compared to that of Q450NQR1 steel.The efficacy of high-throughput accelerated corrosion experimental methods was highlighted for evaluating the corrosion resistance of steel materials in harsh environmental conditions.The findings suggest that 921A steel exhibits better corrosion resistance compared to Q450NQR1 steel and has the potential to be more suitable in harsh marine atmospheric environments.The characterization of the rust layer structures and composition reveals the parallel enrichment of certain elements in the inner rust layer of 921A steel,which enhances its corrosion resistance.

基于标签和分块特征的新闻网页关键信息自动抽取

针对抽取新闻关键信息需要人工构造或训练生成模板的问题,提出了基于标签和分块特征的新闻关键信息自动抽取方法。该方法首先通过计算新闻网页相关特征来定位新闻正文标签块,然后通过编辑距离定位新闻标题标签块,最后根据正文块和标题块定位新闻发布时间和来源标签块,并通过抽取各块的文本获得目标新闻关键信息。在该方法的基础上提出了针对新闻站点的目标新闻自动抽取框架,并用该框架对10个新闻站点的30个新闻栏目进行了新闻抽取。对抽取到的1 597条新闻随机选择了1 000条进行了实验。实验结果表明,该方法对新闻标题、发布时间、来源、正文均表现出良好的抽取效果,且优于实验对比对象。

Elemental Quantitative Distribution and Statistical Analysis on Cross Section of Stainless Steel Sheet by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

An innovative application of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （LA-ICP-MS） technique in illustrating elemental distributions on stainless steel sheets was presented. The technique proved to be a systematic and accurate ap- proach in producing visual images or maps of elemental distributions at cross-sectional surface of a stainless steel sheet. Two stain- less steel sheets served as research objects： 3 mm×l 300 mm hot-rolled stainless steel plate and 1 mm×l 260 mm cold-rolled plate. The cross-sectional surfaces of the two samples at 1/4 position along the width direction were scanned （raster area -44 mm2 and 11 mm2） with a focused laser beam （wavelength 213 nm, diameter of laser crater 100 μm, and laser power 1.6 mJ） in a laser abla- tion chamber. The laser ablation system was coupled to a quadrupole ICP-MS, which made the detection of ion intensities of 27A1＋, 44Ca＋, 47Ti-, 55Mn＋ and 56Fe＋ within an area of interest possible. One-dimensional （ID） content line distribution maps and two- dimensional （2D） contour maps for specific positions or areas were plotted to indicate the element distribution of a target area with high accuracy. Statistic method was used to analyze the acquired data by calculating median contents, maximum segregation, sta- tistic segregation and content-frequency distribution.

A high-throughput strategy for rapid synthesis and characterization of Ni-based superalloys

This study developed a new high-throughput strategy,designated as hot-isostatic-pres sing-based microsynthesis approach(HIP-MSA),to optimize high-performance nickel-based superalloys in a rapid,efficient,and cost-effective manner.A specific honeycomb-array structure containing 106 discrete cells was designed and optimized using finite element analysis(FEA)and then applied to create a combinatorial library consisting of 106 Ni-based superalloys with various Co,Nb and Ta concentrations.By integration with high-throughput characterization tools,extensive composition and phase structure data were collected quickly and efficiently.In the superalloys with higher amounts of Nb and Ta,the detrimentalηphase displaying needle-like morphology was observed,and its content(wt%)increased drastically with Ta and Nb contents increasing.However,the increase of Co addition in those alloys was confirmed to be surprisingly beneficial by significantly suppressing the formation ofηphase that was induced by high Nb and Ta contents.The zero-phasefraction(ZPF)line ofηphase was established,which is critical to design superalloy chemistry for superior micros tructural stability at high-temperature service conditions.

A deep learning-based method for segmentation and quantitative characterization of microstructures in weathering steel from sequential scanning electron microscope images

Microstructural classification is typically done manually by human experts,which gives rise to uncertainties due to subjectivity and reduces the overall efficiency.A high-throughput characterization is proposed based on deep learning,rapid acquisition technology,and mathematical statistics for the recognition,segmentation,and quantification of microstructure in weathering steel.The segmentation results showed that this method was accurate and efficient,and the segmentation of inclusions and pearlite phase achieved accuracy of 89.95%and 90.86%,respectively.The time required for batch processing by MIPAR software involving thresholding segmentation,morphological processing,and small area deletion was 1.05 s for a single image.By comparison,our system required only 0.102 s,which is ten times faster than the commercial software.The quantification results were extracted from large volumes of sequential image data(150 mm^(2),62,216 images,1024×1024 pixels),which ensure comprehensive statistics.Microstructure information,such as three-dimensional density distribution and the frequency of the minimum spatial distance of inclusions on the sample surface of 150 mm^(2),were quantified by extracting the coordinates and sizes of individual features.A refined characterization method for two-dimensional structures and spatial information that is unattainable when performing manually or with software is provided.That will be useful for understanding properties or behaviors of weathering steel,and reducing the resort to physical testing.