Electrochemical Multicomponent Cascade Radical Process Enabling Synthesis of lodomethyl Spiropyrrolidinyl-Oxindoles

A novel electrochemical multicomponent cascade reaction of indole-tethered alkenes with CF_(3)SO_(2)Na and n-BuaNI has been developed,which enables the rapid assembly of spiropyrrolidinyl-oxindoles in good yields.The experimental results and DFT calculations suggest that this reaction proceeds through the oxidation of CF_(3)SO_(2)Na,radical coupling with alkene,spirocyclization,oxidation of sulfinate,iodide substitution,and water coupling.This strategy features mild reaction conditions,easy-to-handle reactants,and good chemical yields.This finding not only enriches the research contents of indole-tethered alkenes but also provides a green strategy for the construction of spiropyrrolidinyl-oxindoles compared with the existing methodologies.

Recent Advances on the Electrochemical Difunctionalization of Alkenes/Alkynes

Electroorganic synthesis is an emerging area of high impact research in organic chemistry, which is considered as one of the green and efficient methods and attracts growing research attention. In this review, we summarized comprehensively the recent literature reports on the electrochemical oxidative difunctionalization of unsaturated C—C bonds. The reaction types described in this review included electrochemical intermolecular cyclization, electrochemical intramolecular cyclization, and electrochemical difunctionalization of alkenes/alkynes. This review focuses on the discussion of its synthetic generality for the preparation of functionalized compounds and the related electrochemical oxidative reaction mechanism.

Recent advances on the synthesis and application of tetrahydro-y-carbolines

Tetrahydro-y-carbolines(THyCs)constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids.In addition to being substructures of natural products,these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse bioactivities such as antiviral,antibacterial,antifungal,antiparasitic,antitumor,anti-inflammatory,and neuropharmacological activities.Beyond the pharmacological and biological aspects of these scaffolds,they have considerable synthetic applications for the construction of further bioactive compounds,too.The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments in the synthesis of this compound class.

Fluorine-containing drugs approved by the FDA in 2019

Eleven new fluorine-containing FDA-approved drugs have been profiled and details of their discovery and preparation are discussed.Therapeutic areas include schizophrenia,migraine,multiple sclerosis,insomnia,rheumatoid arthritis,anti-tuberculosis,breast cancer,lymphoma kinase inhibitor,serotonin receptor antagonist.New pharmaceuticals feature four examples of aromatic fluorine,three aromatic CF3 group,three aliphatic CF3 and one compound with aromatic CF3O group.Furthermore,among the new compounds,six are chiral and seven are derived from tailor-made amino acids.

Visible-light-irradiated tandem sulfonylation/cyclization of indole tethered alkenes for the synthesis of tetrahydrocarbazoles

A visible-light-mediated reaction of indole derivatives employing arylsulfonyl chlorides as sulfonyl surrogates has been developed,which proceeds via the sequence of reduction of sulfonyl chloride,sulfonylation,and intramolecular cyclization.This mild protocol transforms a diverse array of indole tethered alkenes and simple sulfonyl chlorides into highly valuable functionalized tetrahydrocarbazoles in good yields.This reaction is also suitable for gram-scale synthesis,which provides an efficient and green access to multi-substituted tetrahydrocarbazoles.

Fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals approved by the FDA in 2020:Synthesis and biological activity

Thirteen new fluorine-containing drugs,which have been granted approval by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)in 2020,are profiled in this review.Therapeutic areas of these new fluorinated pharmaceuticals include medicines and diagnostic agents for Cushing's disease,neurofibromatosis,migraine,Alzheimer's disease,myelodysplastic syndromes,hereditary angioedema attacks,and various cancers.Molecules of these approved drugs feature aromatic fluorine(Ar-F)(11 compounds),aromatic Ar-CF_(3)(1),aliphatic CHF(1)and CF_(2)(1)groups.For each compound,we provide a spectrum of biological activity,medicinal chemistry discovery,and synthetic approaches.

光化学条件下(β-重氮-α,α-二氟乙基)膦酸酯与羧酸的酯化反应

利用可见光促进的O-H插入反应可以在温和条件下实现羧酸与原位生成的(β-重氮-α,α-二氟乙基)膦酸酯的酯化反应,以良好的产率得到了含有α,α-二氟甲基膦酸酯的羧酸酯类化合物.该反应操作简单,对于不同的官能团具有良好的适应性.因此,这一反应为α,α-二氟甲基膦酸酯衍生物的合成提供了一种高效的策略.

Facile synthesis of ( β -chlorodifluoroethyl)phosphonates via chlorination reaction of difluoroalkyl diazo derivatives with HCl

An efficient chlorination reaction of in situ generated(β-diazo-α,α-difluoroethyl)phosphonates has been achieved with hydrochloric acid as a chlorine source under mild and operationally convenient conditions.The reaction does not need any catalyst and tolerates a wide scope of substrates,which affords the(β-chlorodifluoroethyl)phosphonate products in good to excellent yields.This reaction represents the first example of the halogenation of difluoroalkyl diazo compounds,and also provides an easy way for the synthesis of difluoromethylenephosphonate-containing compounds.