Photocatalysis offers a sustainable means for the oxidative removal of low concentrations of NOx(NO,NO2,N2O,N2O5,etc.)from the atmosphere.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are promising candidate photocatalysts owing to ...Photocatalysis offers a sustainable means for the oxidative removal of low concentrations of NOx(NO,NO2,N2O,N2O5,etc.)from the atmosphere.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are promising candidate photocatalysts owing to their unique layered and tunable chemical structures and abundant surface hydroxide(OH)moieties,which are hydroxyl radical(OH)precursors.However,the practical applications of LDHs are limited by their poor charge-separation ability and insufficient active sites.Herein,we developed a facile N_(2)H_(4)-driven etching approach to introduce dual Ni^(2+)and OHvacancies(Niv and OHv,respectively)into NiFe-LDH nanosheets(hereafter referred to as NiFe-LDH-et)to facilitate improved charge-carrier separation and active Lewis acidic site(Fe^(3+)and Ni^(2+)exposed at OHv)formation.In contrast to inert pristine LDH,NiFe-LDH-et actively removed NO under visible-light illumination.Specifically,Ni_(76)Fe_(24)-LDH-et etched with 1.50 mmol·L^(-1)N_(2)H_(4)solution removed 32.8%of the NO in continuously flowing air(NO feed concentration:500 parts per billion(ppb))under visible-light illumination,thereby outperforming most reported catalysts.Experimental and theoretical data revealed that the dual vacancies promoted the production of reactive oxygen species(O_(2)·^(-)andOH)and the adsorption of NO on the LDH.In situ spectroscopy demonstrated that NO was preferentially adsorbed at Lewis acidic sites,particularly exposed Fe^(3+)sites,converted into NO+,and subsequently oxidized to NO3without the notable formation of the more toxic intermediate NO2,thereby alleviating risks associated with its production and emission.展开更多
Crystallinity and crystal structure greatly influence the photocatalytic behavior of photocatalysts.Pristine g-C3N4 produced by traditional thermal-induced polycondensation reaction bears low crystallinity and thus po...Crystallinity and crystal structure greatly influence the photocatalytic behavior of photocatalysts.Pristine g-C3N4 produced by traditional thermal-induced polycondensation reaction bears low crystallinity and thus poor photoactivity,which originates from the incomplete polymerization of the precursor containing amine groups,abundant hydrogen bonds,and unreacted amino,as well as cyanide functional groups in the skeleton.During photocatalytic process,these residual functional groups often work as electron trap sites,which may hinder the transfer of electrons on the plane,resulting in low photoactivity.Fortunately,crystalline carbon nitride(CCN)was reported as a promising photocatalyst because its increased crystallinity not only reduces the number of carriers recombination centers,but also increases charge conductivity and improves light utilization due to extendedπ-conjugated systems and delocalizedπ-electrons.As such,we summarize the recent studies on CCN-based photocatalysts for the photoactivity enhancement.Firstly,the unique structure and properties of CCN materials are presented.Next,the preparation methods and modification strategies are well outlined.We also sum up the applications of CCN-based materials in the environmental purification and energy fields.Finally,this review concerning CNN materials ends with prospects and challenges in the obtainment of high crystallinity by effective techniques,and the deep understanding of photocatalytic mechanism.展开更多
A 23-year-old male patient was diagnosed as having a hypervascular pelvic mass by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance examination.A pathology puncture showed vitreous vascular Castleman’s disease.Because of concer...A 23-year-old male patient was diagnosed as having a hypervascular pelvic mass by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance examination.A pathology puncture showed vitreous vascular Castleman’s disease.Because of concerns about tumor blood supply,embolization under digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was performed on the artery of the pelvic tumor before resection of the mass and surrounding rectum.Castleman’s disease of pelvic lymph node(mixed type,mainly hyaline vascular type)was confirmed pathologically from postoperative biopsy.Embolization of the blood-supply artery of a hypervascular mass should be considered before surgery is performed.展开更多
Black carbon(BC)plays an important role in air quality and climate change,which is closely associated with its mixing state and chemical compositions.In this work the mixing state of BC-containing single particles was...Black carbon(BC)plays an important role in air quality and climate change,which is closely associated with its mixing state and chemical compositions.In this work the mixing state of BC-containing single particles was investigated to explore the evolution process of ambient BC particles using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS)in March 2018 in Zhengzhou,China.The BC-containing particles accounted for 61.4%of total detected ambient single particles and were classified into five types including BC-nitrate(BC-N,52.3%)as the most abundant species,followed by BC-nitrate-sulfate(BC-NS,22.4%),BCOC(16.8%),BC-fresh(BC-F,4.5%)and BC-sulfate particles(BC-S,4.0%).With enhancement of the ambient nitrate concentration,the relative peak area(RPA)of nitrate in BC-N and BC–NS particles both increased,yet only the number fraction(N_(f))of BC–N particles increased while the N_(f) of BC-NS particles decreased,suggesting that the enhanced mixing state of BC with nitrate was mainly due to the increase in the ambient nitrate mass concentration.In addition,the Nfof BC-N decreased from 65.3%to 28.4%as the absorbing Angstrom exponents(AAE)of e BC increased from 0.75 to 1.45,which indicated the reduction of light absorption ability of aged BC particles with the enhanced formation of BC-N particles.The results of this work indicated a change in the mixing state of BC particles due to the dominance of nitrate in PM_(2.5),which also influenced the optical properties of aged BC particles.展开更多
Case report A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency room with a diagnose of rectal burn due to an accidental hot normal saline enema before oophorocystectomy in a local hospital 8 days previously.She reporte...Case report A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency room with a diagnose of rectal burn due to an accidental hot normal saline enema before oophorocystectomy in a local hospital 8 days previously.She reported hypogastralgia and burning pain on the buttocks immediately when the enema was conducted.The enema was stopped instantly and she was treated with fasting,antibiotics,glucocorticoids,and parenteral nutrition for a week.However,the above symptoms did not resolve.展开更多
基金the supports from Debris of the Anthropocene to Resources(DotA2)Lab at NTU.
文摘Photocatalysis offers a sustainable means for the oxidative removal of low concentrations of NOx(NO,NO2,N2O,N2O5,etc.)from the atmosphere.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are promising candidate photocatalysts owing to their unique layered and tunable chemical structures and abundant surface hydroxide(OH)moieties,which are hydroxyl radical(OH)precursors.However,the practical applications of LDHs are limited by their poor charge-separation ability and insufficient active sites.Herein,we developed a facile N_(2)H_(4)-driven etching approach to introduce dual Ni^(2+)and OHvacancies(Niv and OHv,respectively)into NiFe-LDH nanosheets(hereafter referred to as NiFe-LDH-et)to facilitate improved charge-carrier separation and active Lewis acidic site(Fe^(3+)and Ni^(2+)exposed at OHv)formation.In contrast to inert pristine LDH,NiFe-LDH-et actively removed NO under visible-light illumination.Specifically,Ni_(76)Fe_(24)-LDH-et etched with 1.50 mmol·L^(-1)N_(2)H_(4)solution removed 32.8%of the NO in continuously flowing air(NO feed concentration:500 parts per billion(ppb))under visible-light illumination,thereby outperforming most reported catalysts.Experimental and theoretical data revealed that the dual vacancies promoted the production of reactive oxygen species(O_(2)·^(-)andOH)and the adsorption of NO on the LDH.In situ spectroscopy demonstrated that NO was preferentially adsorbed at Lewis acidic sites,particularly exposed Fe^(3+)sites,converted into NO+,and subsequently oxidized to NO3without the notable formation of the more toxic intermediate NO2,thereby alleviating risks associated with its production and emission.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52370109,22022608,21876113,22176127,21261140333,and 92034301)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M710830)+9 种基金Venture and Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(No.cx2022005)the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0035)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0211004)the Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering(No.18DZ2254200)“111”Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base on Photochemical and Energy Materials(No.D18020)Shanghai Government(Nos.22010503400,18SG41,and YDZX20213100003002)Shanghai Sailing Program(No.22YF1430400)Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission Foundation(No.KJQN201800826)Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China(No.KJZD-K202100801)Post-doctoral Program Funded by Chongqing,and Chongqing University Innovation Research Group project(No.CXQT21023).
文摘Crystallinity and crystal structure greatly influence the photocatalytic behavior of photocatalysts.Pristine g-C3N4 produced by traditional thermal-induced polycondensation reaction bears low crystallinity and thus poor photoactivity,which originates from the incomplete polymerization of the precursor containing amine groups,abundant hydrogen bonds,and unreacted amino,as well as cyanide functional groups in the skeleton.During photocatalytic process,these residual functional groups often work as electron trap sites,which may hinder the transfer of electrons on the plane,resulting in low photoactivity.Fortunately,crystalline carbon nitride(CCN)was reported as a promising photocatalyst because its increased crystallinity not only reduces the number of carriers recombination centers,but also increases charge conductivity and improves light utilization due to extendedπ-conjugated systems and delocalizedπ-electrons.As such,we summarize the recent studies on CCN-based photocatalysts for the photoactivity enhancement.Firstly,the unique structure and properties of CCN materials are presented.Next,the preparation methods and modification strategies are well outlined.We also sum up the applications of CCN-based materials in the environmental purification and energy fields.Finally,this review concerning CNN materials ends with prospects and challenges in the obtainment of high crystallinity by effective techniques,and the deep understanding of photocatalytic mechanism.
基金Guiding project(number:134119a3800),Science and Technology Committee,Shanghai,China.)
文摘A 23-year-old male patient was diagnosed as having a hypervascular pelvic mass by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance examination.A pathology puncture showed vitreous vascular Castleman’s disease.Because of concerns about tumor blood supply,embolization under digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was performed on the artery of the pelvic tumor before resection of the mass and surrounding rectum.Castleman’s disease of pelvic lymph node(mixed type,mainly hyaline vascular type)was confirmed pathologically from postoperative biopsy.Embolization of the blood-supply artery of a hypervascular mass should be considered before surgery is performed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41827804,41805093)the Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development District International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.2018GH08)+1 种基金the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Guangdong Province(No.2018A050506020)the Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou(No.201806010064)。
文摘Black carbon(BC)plays an important role in air quality and climate change,which is closely associated with its mixing state and chemical compositions.In this work the mixing state of BC-containing single particles was investigated to explore the evolution process of ambient BC particles using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS)in March 2018 in Zhengzhou,China.The BC-containing particles accounted for 61.4%of total detected ambient single particles and were classified into five types including BC-nitrate(BC-N,52.3%)as the most abundant species,followed by BC-nitrate-sulfate(BC-NS,22.4%),BCOC(16.8%),BC-fresh(BC-F,4.5%)and BC-sulfate particles(BC-S,4.0%).With enhancement of the ambient nitrate concentration,the relative peak area(RPA)of nitrate in BC-N and BC–NS particles both increased,yet only the number fraction(N_(f))of BC–N particles increased while the N_(f) of BC-NS particles decreased,suggesting that the enhanced mixing state of BC with nitrate was mainly due to the increase in the ambient nitrate mass concentration.In addition,the Nfof BC-N decreased from 65.3%to 28.4%as the absorbing Angstrom exponents(AAE)of e BC increased from 0.75 to 1.45,which indicated the reduction of light absorption ability of aged BC particles with the enhanced formation of BC-N particles.The results of this work indicated a change in the mixing state of BC particles due to the dominance of nitrate in PM_(2.5),which also influenced the optical properties of aged BC particles.
基金supported by the 234 Discipline Climbing Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University[grant number 2019YXK032].
文摘Case report A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency room with a diagnose of rectal burn due to an accidental hot normal saline enema before oophorocystectomy in a local hospital 8 days previously.She reported hypogastralgia and burning pain on the buttocks immediately when the enema was conducted.The enema was stopped instantly and she was treated with fasting,antibiotics,glucocorticoids,and parenteral nutrition for a week.However,the above symptoms did not resolve.
