Room-temperature sodium–sulfur(RT/Na–S)batteries are regarded as promising large-scale stationary energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost as well as the earth-abundant reserves of sodi...Room-temperature sodium–sulfur(RT/Na–S)batteries are regarded as promising large-scale stationary energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost as well as the earth-abundant reserves of sodium and sulfur.However,the diffusion of polysulfides and sluggish kinetics of conversion reactions are still major challenges for their application.Herein,we developed a powerful and functional separator to inhibit the shuttle effect by coating a lightweight three-dimensional cellulose nanofiber-derived carbon aerogel on a glass fiber separator(denoted NSCA@GF).The hierarchical porous structures,favorable electronic conductivity,and three-dimensional interconnected network of N,S-codoped carbon aerogel endow a multifunctional separator with strong polysulfide anchoring capability and fast reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion,which can act as the barrier layer and an expanded current collector to increase sulfur utilization.Moreover,the hetero-doped N/S sites are believed to strengthen polysulfide anchoring capability via chemisorption and accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion,which is confirmed from experimental and theoretical results.As a result,the assembled Na–S coin cells with the NSCA@GF separator showed a high reversible capacity(788.8 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C after 100 cycles)and superior cycling stability(only 0.059%capacity decay per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C),thereby demonstrating the significant potential for application in high-performance RT/Na–S batteries.展开更多
Carbon aerogels prepared from renewable nano building blocks are rising-star materials and hold great promise in many fields.However,various defects formed during carbonization at high temperature disfavor the stress ...Carbon aerogels prepared from renewable nano building blocks are rising-star materials and hold great promise in many fields.However,various defects formed during carbonization at high temperature disfavor the stress transfer and thus the fabrication of flexible carbon aerogel from renewable nano building blocks.Herein,a structural defect-reducing strategy is proposed by altering the pyrolysis route of cellulose nanofiber.Inorganic salt that inhibits the generation of tar volatilization during pyrolysis can prevent the formation of various structural defects.Microstructure with fewer defects can reduce stress concentration and remarkably enhance the compressibility of carbon aerogel,thus increasing the maximum stress retention of carbon aerogel.The carbon aerogel also has high stress sensor sensitivity and excellent temperature coefficient of resistance.The structural defect-reducing strategy will pave a new way to fabricate high-strength carbon materials for various fields.展开更多
Thermoelectric generators(TEGs)have received increasing attention due to their potential to harvest low-grade heat energy(<100℃ )and provide power for the Internet of Things(IoT)and wearable electronic devices.Her...Thermoelectric generators(TEGs)have received increasing attention due to their potential to harvest low-grade heat energy(<100℃ )and provide power for the Internet of Things(IoT)and wearable electronic devices.Herein,a wood-based ordered framework is used to fabricate carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(CNT/PEDOT)wood aerogel for TEG.The prepared CNT/PEDOT wood aerogel with an anisotropic structure exhibits a low thermal conductivity of 0.17 W m^(−1)K^(−1)and is advantageous to develop a sufficient temperature gradient.Meanwhile,CNT/PEDOT composites effectively decouple the relationship between the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity by energy filtering effect to enhance thermoelectric(TE)output properties.The vertical TEG assembled by the CNT/PEDOT wood aerogels reveals an output power of 1.5μW and a mass-specific power of 15.48μW g^(−1)at a temperature difference of 39.4 K.Moreover,the layered structure renders high compressibility and fatigue resistance.The anisotropic structure,high mechanical performance,and rapid thermoelectric response,enabling the TEG based on CNT/PEDOT wood aerogel offer opportunities for continuous power supply to low-power electronic devices.展开更多
基金support of the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant nos.2020A1515110705 and 2021A1515110245)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant nos.2020M682711 and 2020M682710)+2 种基金the National Program for Support of Topnotch Young Professionals(grant no.x2qsA4210090)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.31971614)the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering(grant no.2020C03).
文摘Room-temperature sodium–sulfur(RT/Na–S)batteries are regarded as promising large-scale stationary energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost as well as the earth-abundant reserves of sodium and sulfur.However,the diffusion of polysulfides and sluggish kinetics of conversion reactions are still major challenges for their application.Herein,we developed a powerful and functional separator to inhibit the shuttle effect by coating a lightweight three-dimensional cellulose nanofiber-derived carbon aerogel on a glass fiber separator(denoted NSCA@GF).The hierarchical porous structures,favorable electronic conductivity,and three-dimensional interconnected network of N,S-codoped carbon aerogel endow a multifunctional separator with strong polysulfide anchoring capability and fast reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion,which can act as the barrier layer and an expanded current collector to increase sulfur utilization.Moreover,the hetero-doped N/S sites are believed to strengthen polysulfide anchoring capability via chemisorption and accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion,which is confirmed from experimental and theoretical results.As a result,the assembled Na–S coin cells with the NSCA@GF separator showed a high reversible capacity(788.8 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C after 100 cycles)and superior cycling stability(only 0.059%capacity decay per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C),thereby demonstrating the significant potential for application in high-performance RT/Na–S batteries.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32201499,22208069 and 32071714)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515110205)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022ZYGXZR019)the State Key Laboratory of Pulp&Paper Engineering(No.2022C01).
文摘Carbon aerogels prepared from renewable nano building blocks are rising-star materials and hold great promise in many fields.However,various defects formed during carbonization at high temperature disfavor the stress transfer and thus the fabrication of flexible carbon aerogel from renewable nano building blocks.Herein,a structural defect-reducing strategy is proposed by altering the pyrolysis route of cellulose nanofiber.Inorganic salt that inhibits the generation of tar volatilization during pyrolysis can prevent the formation of various structural defects.Microstructure with fewer defects can reduce stress concentration and remarkably enhance the compressibility of carbon aerogel,thus increasing the maximum stress retention of carbon aerogel.The carbon aerogel also has high stress sensor sensitivity and excellent temperature coefficient of resistance.The structural defect-reducing strategy will pave a new way to fabricate high-strength carbon materials for various fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071714)Guangzhou Science and Technology project(No.202002030167)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515110910)。
文摘Thermoelectric generators(TEGs)have received increasing attention due to their potential to harvest low-grade heat energy(<100℃ )and provide power for the Internet of Things(IoT)and wearable electronic devices.Herein,a wood-based ordered framework is used to fabricate carbon nanotube/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(CNT/PEDOT)wood aerogel for TEG.The prepared CNT/PEDOT wood aerogel with an anisotropic structure exhibits a low thermal conductivity of 0.17 W m^(−1)K^(−1)and is advantageous to develop a sufficient temperature gradient.Meanwhile,CNT/PEDOT composites effectively decouple the relationship between the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity by energy filtering effect to enhance thermoelectric(TE)output properties.The vertical TEG assembled by the CNT/PEDOT wood aerogels reveals an output power of 1.5μW and a mass-specific power of 15.48μW g^(−1)at a temperature difference of 39.4 K.Moreover,the layered structure renders high compressibility and fatigue resistance.The anisotropic structure,high mechanical performance,and rapid thermoelectric response,enabling the TEG based on CNT/PEDOT wood aerogel offer opportunities for continuous power supply to low-power electronic devices.