Chromatographic fingerprinting and quantitative analysis for the quality evaluation of Xinkeshu tablet

A simple, sensitive and accurate method based on high performance liquid chromato- graphy （HPLC） with diode array detector （DAD） was developed and validated for systematic quality evaluation of one type of traditional Chinese medicine preparations named Xinkeshu （XKS） tablet. In this study, the chromatographic fingerprints of XKS tablet were developed first, 23 peaks were selected as the common peaks to evaluate the similarities among different batches of XKS samples, which were manufactured in a long time span of three years. Additionally, simultaneous quantification of six markers in XKS tablet, including Danshensu, Protocatechuic aldehyde, Puerarin, Daidzin, Salvianolic acid B and Daidzein, was performed. The validation results showed that the developed method was specific, accurate, precise and robust. The preliminary explanation on why a close similarity between fingerprints did not exactly mean similar contents of chemical components in samples was given. The contribution of each chromatographic peak to similarity was also evaluated. The developed method offers an efficient, reliable and practical approach for systematic quality evaluation of XKS tablet.

Work-family conflict and job burn-out among Chinese doctors:the mediating role of coping styles

Background Burn-out among doctors threatens their own health, and that of their patients. To identify risk factors of the doctor burn-out is vital to improving their health and increasing the quality of healthcare services.This study aims to explore the relationship between workfamily conflict(WFC) and burn-out among Chinese doctors and the mediating role of coping styles in this relationship.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China, with a questionnaire packet which consisted of the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory(CMBI), WFC Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). A total of 2530 doctors participated in the survey. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between CMBI, WFC and SCSQ scores. A linear regression model was set to determine the mediating role of coping styles on the relationship between WFC and burn-out.Results Doctors who had higher scores on work interfering with family conflict, reported more emotional exhaustion(r=0.514, P<0.001) and had a sense of accomplishment(r=-0.149, P<0.001). Simultaneously,family interfering with work(FIW) was positively associated with all dimensions of burn-out(r=0.213,0.504,0.088,respectively, P<0.001). Coping styles had partial, complete and even mediating effects on the relationship between WFC and burn-out among Chinese doctors.Conclusions WFC was correlated with burn-out, and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese doctors. Coping style was a positive resource against burn?out.

Preparation of natural brucite nanofibers by the dispersion method

The preparation of natural brucite nanofibers through dispersion by the wet process is described. The test results indicate that brucite fibers can be well dispersed by using sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate （OT） as the dispersant at a dispersant/fiber mass ratio of 0.15：1, dispersing for 30 min at a water/solid mass ratio of 20：1. The prepared nanofibers were characterized with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, and transmission electron microscope （TEM）. It is shown that the prepared single brucite nanofiber is around 30 nm in diameter and the talus of the nonsingle brucite nanofibers is about 50-150 nm in diameter. Natural brucite mineral fibers were treated by the dispersion method to obtain nanomaterials. These fibers have significant advantages over artificial nanofibers both in yield and in cost.

新冠病毒刺突蛋白及其受体的结构与相互作用

生物化学是化学的分支,是研究生命物质的化学组成结构及化学变化的基础生命科学。新冠肺炎是全人类所面临的问题,本文以生物化学的视角,阐述新冠病毒的刺突蛋白及其受体人血管紧张素转化酶2的化学结构及其相互作用,对目前已发表的国内外相关研究进行总结,有望为新冠疫苗的研发提供参考。

Geographical origin discrimination and polysaccharides quantitative analysis of Radia codonopsis with micro near-infrared spectrometer engine

At present,Tradition Chinese Medicine(TCM)industry in China is in the stage from the empirical development to industrial production.Near infrared(NIR)spectroscopy has been widely used in the quality control of TCM's modernization with its characteristics incuding rapidness,nondestruction,simplicity,economy,and so on.In this study,as one type of a portable micro NIR spectrometer,Micro NIR 1700 was used to establish the qualitative models for identification of geographical region and authenticity of Radix codonopsis based on discriminant analysis(DA)method.Both of the DA models had better predictive ability with 100%accuracy.In addition,a method for rapid quantitative analysis of polysaccharide in Radix codonopsis was also developed based on Micro NIR 1700 spectrometer with partial last-squares(PLS)algo-rithm.In the PLS calibration model,the NIR.spectra of samples were pretreated with different preprocessing methods and the spectral region was selected with different variable selection methods as well.The performance of the final PLS model was evaluated according to correlation cofficient of calibration(Rc),correlation coefficient of prediction(Rp),root mean squared error of cross validation(RMSECV),and root mean squared of prediction(RMSEP).The values of Re,Rp,RMSECV,and RMSEP were 0.9775,0.9602,2.496,and 2.734 g/mL,respectively.This work demonstrated that micro infrared spectrometer could be more convenient and rapid for quality control of Radix codonopsis,and the presented models would be a u1seful reference for quality control of other simi lar raw materials of TCM.

swSpAMM:optimizing large-scale sparse approximate matrix multiplication on Sunway Taihulight

Although matrix multiplication plays an essential role in a wide range of applications,previous works only focus on optimizing dense or sparse matrix multiplications.The Sparse Approximate Matrix Multiply(SpAMM)is an algorithm to accelerate the multiplication of decay matrices,the sparsity of which is between dense and sparse matrices.In addition,large-scale decay matrix multiplication is performed in scientific applications to solve cutting-edge problems.To optimize large-scale decay matrix multiplication using SpAMM on supercomputers such as Sunway Taihulight,we present swSpAMM,an optimized SpAMM algorithm by adapting the computation characteristics to the architecture features of Sunway Taihulight.Specifically,we propose both intra-node and inter-node optimizations to accelerate swSpAMM for large-scale execution.For intra-node optimizations,we explore algorithm parallelization and block-major data layout that are tailored to better utilize the architecture advantage of Sunway processor.For inter-node optimizations,we propose a matrix organization strategy for better distributing sub-matrices across nodes and a dynamic scheduling strategy for improving load balance across nodes.We compare swSpAMM with the existing GEMM library on a single node as well as large-scale matrix multiplication methods on multiple nodes.The experiment results show that swSpAMM achieves a speedup up to 14.5×and 2.2×when compared to xMath library on a single node and 2D GEMM method on multiple nodes,respectively.

腹腔镜胆总管探查术一期缝合术后胆漏危险因素Meta分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆总管探查术(LCBDE)一期缝合术后胆漏的危险因素。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、知网、万方、维普等数据库1990年1月1日至2022年5月1日关于LCBDE一期缝合术后胆漏危险因素的临床研究。中文检索词:胆总管结石、腹腔镜胆总管探查、胆漏、危险因素。英文检索词:choledocholithiasis、common bile duct stone、laparoscopic common bile duct exploration、LCBDE、bile leakage。对研究报道数量≥3的指标进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入7项研究共930例患者,其中男431例,女499例。Meta分析结果显示,术前血ALB<35 g/L的患者术后胆漏发生率明显高于术前血ALB≥35 g/L的患者(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.16~4.28);术中胆总管切开长度<1.5 cm的患者术后胆漏发生率明显低于切开长度≥1.5 cm的患者(OR=0.42,95%CI:0.20~0.87);胆总管连续缝合患者术后胆漏发生率明显低于间断缝合患者(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.29~0.90);胆总管直径<1 cm的患者术后胆漏发生率明显高于胆总管直径≥1 cm的患者(OR=4.00,95%CI:2.23~7.17)。结论选择胆总管直径<1 cm患者,术前纠正血ALB水平,术中切开胆总管长度控制1.5 cm以内,切口采用连续缝合可有效降低LCBDE一期缝合术后胆漏发生风险。

“便于自治抑或便于行政”——我国村民委员会的村庄基础选择

发轫于20世纪80年代初行政村规模改革,在"便于行政"与"便于自治"两个力量的作用下,经历了"摸着石头过河""结构先于改革而定型"与"推而不动"三个阶段。最终行政村规模选择在全国范围内摒弃了"便于自治"的生产小队(自然村),选择了"便于行政"的生产大队。本文认为,此次村委会村庄基础选择是现代国家建构的一部分,是民族国家向民主国家转型的基层尝试。

Metal-polyphenol-coordinated nanomedicines for Fe(II) catalyzed photoacoustic-imaging guided mild hyperthermia-assisted ferroustherapy against breast cancer

Ferroustherapy has gained great attention for anti-cancer treatment in recent years. Enlightened by temperature-mediated Fenton reaction in industrial waste water removal, we designed a iron-based polyphenol-coordinated nanomedicines for mild hyperthermia-assisted anti-cancer ferroustherapy. In brief, Fe-GA@BSA nanoparticles was synthesized by self-assembly and sorafenib(SRF) was loaded into Fe-GA@BSA to establish Fe-GA@BSA-SRF nanomedicines. The result nanomedicines can induce ferroptosis in cancer cells by accelerating Fenton reaction. And the photothermal effect of Fe-GA@BSA-SRF was used for mild hyperthermia-assisted ferroustherapy. The nanomedicines performs good anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy by inducing the production of ROS and inhibiting glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) expression in vitro and in vivo. Besides, the broad absorption of Fe-GA@BSA-SRF in near infrared region endows it with photoacoustic imaging ability. This study provides ideas about rational design on iron-based nanoparticles for anti-cancer ferroustherapy.

Identification and functional characterization of the AGO1 ortholog in maize

Eukaryotic Argonaute proteins play primary roles in mi RNA and si RNA pathways that are essential for numerous developmental and biological processes. However, the functional roles of the four Zm AGO1 genes have not yet been characterized in maize（Zea mays L.）. In the present study, Zm AGO1 a was identified from four putative Zm AGO1 genes for further characterization. Complementation of the Arabidopsis ago1-27 mutant with Zm AGO1 a indicated that constitutive overexpression of Zm AGO1 a could restore the smaller rosette, serrated leaves, later flowering and maturation, lower seed set, and darker green leaves at late stages of the mutant to the wild-type phenotype. The expression profiles of Zm AGO1 a under five different abiotic stresses indicated that Zm AGO1 a shares expression patterns similar to those of Argonaute genes in rice, Arabidopsis, and wheat.Further, variation in Zm AGO1 a alleles among diverse maize germplasm that resulted in several amino acid changes revealed genetic diversity at this locus. The present data suggest that Zm AGO1 a might be an important AGO1 ortholog in maize. The results presented provide further insight into the function of ZmAGO1a.

A novel index system describing program runtime characteristics for workload consolidation

Workload consolidation is a common method to improve the resource utilization in clusters or data centers. In order to achieve efficient workload consolidation, the runtime characteristics of a program should be taken into con-sideration in scheduling. In this paper, we propose a novel index system for efficiently describing the program runtime characteristics. With the help of this index system, programs can be classified by the following runtime characteristics: 1) dependence to multi-dimensional resources including CPU, disk I/O, memory and network I/O;and 2) impact and vulnerability to resource sharing embodied by resource usage and resource sensitivity. In order to verify the effectiveness of this novel index system in workload consolidation, a scheduling strategy, Sche-index, using the new index system for workload consolidation is proposed. Experiment results show that compared with traditional least-loaded scheduling strategy, Sche-index can improve both program performance and system resource utilization significantly.

User-level failure detection and auto-recovery of parallel programs in HPC systems

As the mean-time-between-failures(MTBF)continues to decline with the increasing number of components on large-scale high performance computing(HPC)systems,program failures might occur during the execution period with high probability.Ensuring successful execution of the HPC programs has become an issue that the unprivileged users should be concerned.From the user perspective,if the program failure cannot be detected and handled in time,it would waste resources and delay the progress of program execution.Unfortunately,the unprivileged users are unable to perform program state checking due to execution control by the job management system as well as the limited privilege.Currently,automated tools for supporting user-level failure detection and autorecovery of parallel programs in HPC systems are missing.This paper proposes an innovative method for the unprivileged user to achieve failure detection of job execution and automatic resubmission of failed jobs.The state checker in our method is encapsulated as an independent job to reduce interference with the user jobs.In addition,we propose a dual-checker mechanism to improve the robustness of our approach.We implement the proposed method as a tool named automatic re-launcher(ARL)and evaluate it on the Tianhe-2 system.Experiment results show that ARL can detect the execution failures effectively on Tianhe-2 system.In addition,the communication and performance overhead caused by ARL is negligible.The good scalability of ARL makes it applicable for large-scale HPC systems.

Adaptive watermark generation mechanism based on time series prediction for stream processing

The data stream processing framework processes the stream data based on event-time to ensure that the request can be responded to in real-time.In reality,streaming data usually arrives out-of-order due to factors such as network delay.The data stream processing framework commonly adopts the watermark mechanism to address the data disorderedness.Watermark is a special kind of data inserted into the data stream with a timestamp,which helps the framework to decide whether the data received is late and thus be discarded.Traditional watermark generation strategies are periodic;they cannot dynamically adjust the watermark distribution to balance the responsiveness and accuracy.This paper proposes an adaptive watermark generation mechanism based on the time series prediction model to address the above limitation.This mechanism dynamically adjusts the frequency and timing of watermark distribution using the disordered data ratio and other lateness properties of the data stream to improve the system responsiveness while ensuring acceptable result accuracy.We implement the proposed mechanism on top of Flink and evaluate it with realworld datasets.The experiment results show that our mechanism is superior to the existing watermark distribution strategies in terms of both system responsiveness and result accuracy.

Accelerating the cryo-EM structure determination in RELION on GPU cluster

The cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM)is one of the most powerful technologies available today for structural biology.The RELION(Regularized Likelihood Optimization)implements a Bayesian algorithm for cryo-EM structure determination,which is one of the most widely used software in this field.Many researchers have devoted effort to improve the performance of RELION to satisfy the analysis for the ever-increasing volume of datasets.In this paper,we focus on performance analysis of the most time-consuming computation steps in RELION and identify their performance bottlenecks for specific optimizations.We propose several performance optimization strategies to improve the overall performance of RELION,including optimization of expectation step,parallelization of maximization step,accelerating the computation of symmetries,and memory affinity optimization.The experiment results show that our proposed optimizations achieve significant speedups of RELION across representative datasets.In addition,we perform roofline model analysis to understand the effectiveness of our optimizations.