In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber...In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber was thermally melted and then coated on the cellulose surface to achieve hydrophobicity.Experimental results revealed that the thermocoating ES fibers greatly increased the water contact angle of the cellulose scaffold from 25°to 153°while simultaneously enhanced the wet tensile strength of the composite approximately 6.7-fold(drying temperature of 170℃)compared with the pure cellulose paper.In particular,compared with other related research,the prepared cellulose-based composite possessed excellent hydrophobicity and superior mechanical strength,which introduces a new chemical engineering approach to prepare hydrophobic cellulose-based functional materials.展开更多
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)has become an important method for the treatment of liver cancer.It is necessary to super-select the tumor feeding artery,avoid arteries of nonnal tissues and organs,and a...Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)has become an important method for the treatment of liver cancer.It is necessary to super-select the tumor feeding artery,avoid arteries of nonnal tissues and organs,and avoid complications caused by ectopic embolization.This case is a rare variation of the origin of dorsal pancreatic artery in the course of TACE.展开更多
Enzymatic saccharification/hydrolysis is one of the key steps for the bioconversion of lignocelluloses into sustainable biofuels.In this work,corn stover was pretreated with a novel modified alkali process(NaOH+anthra...Enzymatic saccharification/hydrolysis is one of the key steps for the bioconversion of lignocelluloses into sustainable biofuels.In this work,corn stover was pretreated with a novel modified alkali process(NaOH+anthraquinone(AQ)+sodium lignosulfonate(SLS)),and then enzymatically hydrolyzed with an enzyme cocktail(cellulase(Celluclast 1.5L),β-glucosidase(Novozyme 188)and xylanase(from thermomyceslanuginosus))in the pH range of 4.0-6.5.It was found that the suitable pH for the enzymatic saccharification process to achieve a high glucan yield was between 4.2 and 5.7,while the appropriate pH to obtain a high xylan yield was in the range of 4.0-4.7.The best pH for the enzymatic saccharification process was found to be 4.4 in terms of the final total sugar yield,as xylanase worked most efficiently in the pH range of 4.0-4.7,under the conditions in the study.The addition of xylanase in the enzymatic saccharification process could hydrolyze xylan in the substrates and reduce the nonspecific binding of cellulase,thus improving the total sugar yields.展开更多
Pretreatment and fractionation are amongst the key steps for the conversion of lignocelluloses to sustainable biofuels,biomaterials or biochemicals,as pretreatment/fractionation can break the natural recalcitrance of ...Pretreatment and fractionation are amongst the key steps for the conversion of lignocelluloses to sustainable biofuels,biomaterials or biochemicals,as pretreatment/fractionation can break the natural recalcitrance of lignocelluloses,improving the conversion efficiency of downstream processes.This paper reviews the recent progress on the pretreatment and fractionation of lignocelluloses for biorefinery at the Chinese Academy of Sciences-Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT).The main technologies developed at the QIBEBT in recent years include alkaline twin-screw extrusion pretreatment,modified alkali pretreatment,hydrogen peroxide-assisted sodium carbonate pretreatment,fractionation with formic acid,as well as the two-step fractionation by hot water treatment coupling ammonium sulfite treatment.With the development of these technologies,a pilot scale platform for the pretreatment and saccharification of biomass has been established in the pilot plant of QIBEBT.展开更多
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) obtained from blastocysts can self-renew and potentially differentiate into three germ layers, thus acting as a promising platform in cell-replacement therapies and developmental research...Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) obtained from blastocysts can self-renew and potentially differentiate into three germ layers, thus acting as a promising platform in cell-replacement therapies and developmental research (Evans and Kaufman, 1981; Thomson et al., 1998). Neural specification of ESCs has been extensively studied due to their superior value as a cellular resource in studying neurodegenerative diseases (Tao and Zhang, 2016).展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770624 and No.21978029)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0400703)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning(No.20170540069)the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University(LR2016058)Liaoning Million Talents Program(201945).
文摘In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber was thermally melted and then coated on the cellulose surface to achieve hydrophobicity.Experimental results revealed that the thermocoating ES fibers greatly increased the water contact angle of the cellulose scaffold from 25°to 153°while simultaneously enhanced the wet tensile strength of the composite approximately 6.7-fold(drying temperature of 170℃)compared with the pure cellulose paper.In particular,compared with other related research,the prepared cellulose-based composite possessed excellent hydrophobicity and superior mechanical strength,which introduces a new chemical engineering approach to prepare hydrophobic cellulose-based functional materials.
文摘Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)has become an important method for the treatment of liver cancer.It is necessary to super-select the tumor feeding artery,avoid arteries of nonnal tissues and organs,and avoid complications caused by ectopic embolization.This case is a rare variation of the origin of dorsal pancreatic artery in the course of TACE.
基金The authors are grateful for the great support of research funding from Procter and Gamble Co.This work was also partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31370582,Grant No.21306216,and Grant No.31470609)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar(China)(Grant No.JQ201305)as well as the National High Technology Research and Development Program(“863”program)of China(Grant No.2012AA022301).
文摘Enzymatic saccharification/hydrolysis is one of the key steps for the bioconversion of lignocelluloses into sustainable biofuels.In this work,corn stover was pretreated with a novel modified alkali process(NaOH+anthraquinone(AQ)+sodium lignosulfonate(SLS)),and then enzymatically hydrolyzed with an enzyme cocktail(cellulase(Celluclast 1.5L),β-glucosidase(Novozyme 188)and xylanase(from thermomyceslanuginosus))in the pH range of 4.0-6.5.It was found that the suitable pH for the enzymatic saccharification process to achieve a high glucan yield was between 4.2 and 5.7,while the appropriate pH to obtain a high xylan yield was in the range of 4.0-4.7.The best pH for the enzymatic saccharification process was found to be 4.4 in terms of the final total sugar yield,as xylanase worked most efficiently in the pH range of 4.0-4.7,under the conditions in the study.The addition of xylanase in the enzymatic saccharification process could hydrolyze xylan in the substrates and reduce the nonspecific binding of cellulase,thus improving the total sugar yields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (contract grant numbers:21306261,31470609,25106240)the Primary Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province (contract grant numbers:2016GGX104003,and 2016CYJS07A02).
文摘Pretreatment and fractionation are amongst the key steps for the conversion of lignocelluloses to sustainable biofuels,biomaterials or biochemicals,as pretreatment/fractionation can break the natural recalcitrance of lignocelluloses,improving the conversion efficiency of downstream processes.This paper reviews the recent progress on the pretreatment and fractionation of lignocelluloses for biorefinery at the Chinese Academy of Sciences-Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT).The main technologies developed at the QIBEBT in recent years include alkaline twin-screw extrusion pretreatment,modified alkali pretreatment,hydrogen peroxide-assisted sodium carbonate pretreatment,fractionation with formic acid,as well as the two-step fractionation by hot water treatment coupling ammonium sulfite treatment.With the development of these technologies,a pilot scale platform for the pretreatment and saccharification of biomass has been established in the pilot plant of QIBEBT.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31501186 and 31671538 to L.S.)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(15JCZDJC65300 to L.S.)the Beijing Nova Program(No.2015A011 to Y.Y.)
文摘Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) obtained from blastocysts can self-renew and potentially differentiate into three germ layers, thus acting as a promising platform in cell-replacement therapies and developmental research (Evans and Kaufman, 1981; Thomson et al., 1998). Neural specification of ESCs has been extensively studied due to their superior value as a cellular resource in studying neurodegenerative diseases (Tao and Zhang, 2016).