Understanding life history patterns,individual fitness and population fitness can assist with conservation of endangered species.Field data on life history traits(i.e.age specific fecundity,age specific mortality,age ...Understanding life history patterns,individual fitness and population fitness can assist with conservation of endangered species.Field data on life history traits(i.e.age specific fecundity,age specific mortality,age at first reproduction,litter size and adult life expectancy)were collected from 121 Hainan Eld’s deer(Cervus eldi hainanus Thomas,1918),an in situ herd of an endemic,rare and endangered cervid inhabiting Bangxi Natural Reserve of Hainan Island,from 1990 to 2002.First,we constructed a dynamic life table to analyze the life history pattern of the population,which showed that the difference between the average lifespan of males and females was not significant(P>0.05),and that the difference between the average lifespan of the whole Hainan Eld’s deer population and that of other Eld’s deer populations living in South Asia(P>0.05),North America(P>0.05)and Europe(P>0.05)was not significant.Second,we used individual reproductive success or number of offspring of a male over its lifetime to estimate male individual fitness.Statistic analysis showed that male individual fitness was not significantly correlated with total antler velvet mass.Third,we used the population intrinsic rate of increase to measure population fitness,and population fitness of Hainan Eld’s deer was compared with similar indexes of 5 other cervid species.Hainan Eld’s deer population fitness index was 0.012,the second lowest value relative to other cervids.Results indicated that this rare species is still endangered and is in need of additional protection.展开更多
Jungicephus Maa, 1949 is redescribed based on new material. The differences between Jungicephus and its relatives, and the tribal position of the genus are briefly discussed. Jungicephus maybe represent a distinct evo...Jungicephus Maa, 1949 is redescribed based on new material. The differences between Jungicephus and its relatives, and the tribal position of the genus are briefly discussed. Jungicephus maybe represent a distinct evolutionary lineage in Hartigiini in addition to the Hartigia lineage and Janus lineage. A new species, J. bidentus sp. nov. is described from China.展开更多
We conducted sexual selection experiments to produce strains with high and low mating discrimination in females of laboratory strains of Hawaiian Drosophila, D.silvestris, then examined secondary sexual traits of thes...We conducted sexual selection experiments to produce strains with high and low mating discrimination in females of laboratory strains of Hawaiian Drosophila, D.silvestris, then examined secondary sexual traits of these two lines, and compared them with that of standard line. In order to do this, we screened out super-males which mated successfully with females and with high mating records;and poor males which usually could not mate successfully with females and had low mating records. In the meantime,choosy females were also screened out, which almost never responded to males' nuptial dance and were difficult to be mated; but indiscriminate females were on the contrary,which were very ready to accept male's nuptial dance and were very easy to be mated. As a result, by mating supermales with choosy females, we were able to produce the high-line strain; similarly, for the low line, we mated poor males with indiscriminate females and we had a strain that was significantly different from our standard strain within just two generations of selection, i.e., morphological trait differences were measured between the standard strain and the two selected lines, which indicated that mating discrimination has affected secondary sexual traits of the lowline strain significantly: Cilia number on the foretibia of low-line males is significantly different from that of the standard line, which perhaps was the indication of incipient speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila.展开更多
基金the scientific research project of Baishanzu National Park(2021KFLY08)the Starting Fund for Doctoral Research of Lishui University(6004LMM01Z)the Special Fund for Scientific Research of Postdoctoral Work Station Assessment in Zhejiang,China(2023).
基金We are grateful to Mr Youfeng Zheng and Mr Daliang Fu of the Bangxi Natural Reserve of Hainan Province for their help in the course of field data collection.We sincerely thank anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions that helped to improve the manuscript.The research was supported by the Key National Natural Science Foundation(Fund No.30430120)China Postdoctoral Fund No.20070410635 and the Introduction of Higher-Level-Talents Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology(Fund No.101-0630).
文摘Understanding life history patterns,individual fitness and population fitness can assist with conservation of endangered species.Field data on life history traits(i.e.age specific fecundity,age specific mortality,age at first reproduction,litter size and adult life expectancy)were collected from 121 Hainan Eld’s deer(Cervus eldi hainanus Thomas,1918),an in situ herd of an endemic,rare and endangered cervid inhabiting Bangxi Natural Reserve of Hainan Island,from 1990 to 2002.First,we constructed a dynamic life table to analyze the life history pattern of the population,which showed that the difference between the average lifespan of males and females was not significant(P>0.05),and that the difference between the average lifespan of the whole Hainan Eld’s deer population and that of other Eld’s deer populations living in South Asia(P>0.05),North America(P>0.05)and Europe(P>0.05)was not significant.Second,we used individual reproductive success or number of offspring of a male over its lifetime to estimate male individual fitness.Statistic analysis showed that male individual fitness was not significantly correlated with total antler velvet mass.Third,we used the population intrinsic rate of increase to measure population fitness,and population fitness of Hainan Eld’s deer was compared with similar indexes of 5 other cervid species.Hainan Eld’s deer population fitness index was 0.012,the second lowest value relative to other cervids.Results indicated that this rare species is still endangered and is in need of additional protection.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31172142)
文摘Jungicephus Maa, 1949 is redescribed based on new material. The differences between Jungicephus and its relatives, and the tribal position of the genus are briefly discussed. Jungicephus maybe represent a distinct evolutionary lineage in Hartigiini in addition to the Hartigia lineage and Janus lineage. A new species, J. bidentus sp. nov. is described from China.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)(2010843314)
文摘We conducted sexual selection experiments to produce strains with high and low mating discrimination in females of laboratory strains of Hawaiian Drosophila, D.silvestris, then examined secondary sexual traits of these two lines, and compared them with that of standard line. In order to do this, we screened out super-males which mated successfully with females and with high mating records;and poor males which usually could not mate successfully with females and had low mating records. In the meantime,choosy females were also screened out, which almost never responded to males' nuptial dance and were difficult to be mated; but indiscriminate females were on the contrary,which were very ready to accept male's nuptial dance and were very easy to be mated. As a result, by mating supermales with choosy females, we were able to produce the high-line strain; similarly, for the low line, we mated poor males with indiscriminate females and we had a strain that was significantly different from our standard strain within just two generations of selection, i.e., morphological trait differences were measured between the standard strain and the two selected lines, which indicated that mating discrimination has affected secondary sexual traits of the lowline strain significantly: Cilia number on the foretibia of low-line males is significantly different from that of the standard line, which perhaps was the indication of incipient speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila.
