Aseries of new red fluorescent siloles consisting of a silole core and dimesitylboranyl substituent connected with a furan,thiophene,and selenophene bridges were synthesized and characterized.The optical properties,el...Aseries of new red fluorescent siloles consisting of a silole core and dimesitylboranyl substituent connected with a furan,thiophene,and selenophene bridges were synthesized and characterized.The optical properties,electronic structures,and electroluminescence (EL) performances were investigated.The emission wavelengths were red-shifted from the siloles with furan,to those with thiophene,and then selenophene.The thiophene,and selenophene-containing siloles,(MesB)_2DTTPS,and(MesB)_2DSTPS,showed the typical aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) feature,while furan-containingone,(MesB)_2DFTPS,showed slight emission decrease as the aggregate formation.Theoretical calculations were carried out to explain the difference in the optical properties.Undoped OLEDs using these red siloles as light-emitting layers were fabricated.The device of (MesB)_2DTTPS exhibited the bestper formance.It radiated red ELemission at 589 nm,and afforded good maximum luminance,current,power,and external quantum efficiency of13300cdm^(-2),4.3cd A^(-1),2.9 lmW^(-1),and1.8%,respectively.展开更多
This article presents a novel approach for predicting transition locations over airfoils,which are used to activate turbulence model in a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver.This approach combines Dynamic Mode...This article presents a novel approach for predicting transition locations over airfoils,which are used to activate turbulence model in a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver.This approach combines Dynamic Mode Decomposition(DMD)with e^Ncriterion.The core idea is to use a spatial DMD analysis to extract the modes of unstable perturbations from a steady flowfield and substitute the local Linear Stability Theory(LST)analysis to quantify the spatial growth of Tollmien–Schlichting(TS)waves.Transition is assumed to take place at the stream-wise location where the most amplified mode’s N-factor reaches a prescribed threshold and a turbulence model is activated thereafter.To improve robustness,the high-order version of DMD technique(known as HODMD)is employed.A theoretical derivation is conducted to interpret how a spatial highorder DMD analysis can extract the growth rate of the unsteady perturbations.The new method is validated by transition predictions of flows over a low-speed Natural-Laminar-Flow(NLF)airfoil NLF0416 at various angles of attack and a transonic NLF airfoil NPU-LSC-72613.The transition locations predicted by our HODMD/e^Nmethod agree well with experimental data and compare favorably to those obtained by some existing methods■.It is shown that the proposed method is able to predict transition locations for flows over different types of airfoils and offers the potential for application to 3D wings as well as more complex configurations.展开更多
A new silole derivative, 2,5-bis(7-(dimesitylboranyl)-9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)- 1 -methyl- 1,3,4-triphenylsilole ((MesBF)2MTPS), is synthesized and characterized. (MesBF)2MTPS shows a good fluorescence effi...A new silole derivative, 2,5-bis(7-(dimesitylboranyl)-9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)- 1 -methyl- 1,3,4-triphenylsilole ((MesBF)2MTPS), is synthesized and characterized. (MesBF)2MTPS shows a good fluorescence efficiency of 15% in THF solution and a higher efficiency of 86% in solid film, presenting an aggregation-enhanced emission charac- teristic. It is thermally and morphologically stable, with high decomposition and glass-transition temperatures of 257 and 171 ℃, respectively. The LUMO energy level (-2.96 eV) of (MesBF)zMTPS is lower than that of TPBi, revealing its electron-transporting potential. Efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are fabricated using (MesBF)2MTPS as emitter, which radiates yellow light at 554 nm, and affords high maximum luminance, current efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 48348 cd·m^-2, 12.3 cd·A^-1, and 4.1%, respectively.展开更多
The luminogens with aggregation-induced emission(AIEgens) characteristics have been widely applied in diverse areas. However,the n-type AIEgens are to be further developed. In this paper, we designed and synthesized a...The luminogens with aggregation-induced emission(AIEgens) characteristics have been widely applied in diverse areas. However,the n-type AIEgens are to be further developed. In this paper, we designed and synthesized an n-type multifunctional AIEgen of tetraphenylethene-substituted 3,4,5-triphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(BTPE-TAZ). This AIEgen can serve as both light-emitting and electron-transporting layers in organic light-emitting devices. Moreover, it also exhibits the interesting optical waveguide and reversible mechanochromic luminescence properties, which are of great potential for practical applications.展开更多
To increase the efficiency and robustness of stability-based transition prediction in flow simulations, simplified methods are introduced to substitute direct stability analyses for rapid disturbance growth prediction...To increase the efficiency and robustness of stability-based transition prediction in flow simulations, simplified methods are introduced to substitute direct stability analyses for rapid disturbance growth prediction. For low-speed boundary layers, these methods are mainly established based on self-similar assumptions, which are not applicable to non-similar boundary layers in hypersonic flows. The objective of this article is to investigate the application of surrogate models to stability analysis of non-similar flows over blunt cones, focused on parameterization of boundary-layer (BL) profiles. Firstly, correlations between BL edge and profile parameters are analyzed, along with self-similar flow parameters and discrete points on BL profiles, which present four groups of BL characteristic parameters. Secondly, using these parameters as inputs, surrogate models are built for disturbance growth prediction over an MF-1 blunt cone. Results show that, surrogate models using four BL edge parameters and a BL shape factor {Ue, Te, ρe, ηe, H12} for stability analysis can achieve comparable accuracy with those using 16 discrete BL profile parameters, which are more precise than those using merely self-similar parameters or BL edge parameters. Thirdly, the established surrogate models are validated by stability analysis and transition prediction over the MF-1 blunt cone in flight experiments at the instants of t = 17 s ~ 22 s. Compared with direct linear stability analyses, the mean relative error of predicted disturbance growth rates by surrogate models is 8.0% and the maximum relative error of N factor envelopes is 6.6%, which indicates feasible applications of surrogate models to stability analysis and transition prediction of non-similar boundary layers in hypersonic flows.展开更多
By melting tetraphenylethene (TPE) and 1,2,4,5-tetraphenyl-lH-imidazole (TPI) units together through different linking positions, three new fluorophores are synthesized, and their optical, electronic and electro- ...By melting tetraphenylethene (TPE) and 1,2,4,5-tetraphenyl-lH-imidazole (TPI) units together through different linking positions, three new fluorophores are synthesized, and their optical, electronic and electro- luminescence (EL) properties are fully studied. Owing to the presence of TPE unit(s), these fluorophores are weak emitters in solutions, but are induced to emit strongly in the aggregated state, presenting typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics. The experimental and computational results reveal that different connection patterns between TPE and TPI could impact the molecular conjugation greatly, leading to varied emission wavelength, fluorescence quantum yield and EL performance in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The fluorophore built by attaching TPE unit to the 1-position of imidazole ring shows bluest fluorescence, and its EL device emits at deep blue region (445 nm; CIE= (0.16, 0.15)). And the device based on the fluorophore by linking TPE to the 2- position of imidazole ring shows EL at 467 nm (CIE= (0.17, 0.22)) with good efficiencies of 3.17 cd.A ^-1, and 1.77%.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China (51273053)the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB655004,2013CB834702)+3 种基金the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A 030306035)the Guangdong Innovative R esearch Team Program o f China (201101C0105067115)ITC-CN ERC14S01the Fundam ental Research Funds for the Central Univer- sities (2015PT020, 2015ZY013)
文摘Aseries of new red fluorescent siloles consisting of a silole core and dimesitylboranyl substituent connected with a furan,thiophene,and selenophene bridges were synthesized and characterized.The optical properties,electronic structures,and electroluminescence (EL) performances were investigated.The emission wavelengths were red-shifted from the siloles with furan,to those with thiophene,and then selenophene.The thiophene,and selenophene-containing siloles,(MesB)_2DTTPS,and(MesB)_2DSTPS,showed the typical aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) feature,while furan-containingone,(MesB)_2DFTPS,showed slight emission decrease as the aggregate formation.Theoretical calculations were carried out to explain the difference in the optical properties.Undoped OLEDs using these red siloles as light-emitting layers were fabricated.The device of (MesB)_2DTTPS exhibited the bestper formance.It radiated red ELemission at 589 nm,and afforded good maximum luminance,current,power,and external quantum efficiency of13300cdm^(-2),4.3cd A^(-1),2.9 lmW^(-1),and1.8%,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11772261)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 2016ZA53011)+1 种基金the ATCFD Project (No. 2015-F-016)the 111 Project of China (No. B17037)
文摘This article presents a novel approach for predicting transition locations over airfoils,which are used to activate turbulence model in a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes flow solver.This approach combines Dynamic Mode Decomposition(DMD)with e^Ncriterion.The core idea is to use a spatial DMD analysis to extract the modes of unstable perturbations from a steady flowfield and substitute the local Linear Stability Theory(LST)analysis to quantify the spatial growth of Tollmien–Schlichting(TS)waves.Transition is assumed to take place at the stream-wise location where the most amplified mode’s N-factor reaches a prescribed threshold and a turbulence model is activated thereafter.To improve robustness,the high-order version of DMD technique(known as HODMD)is employed.A theoretical derivation is conducted to interpret how a spatial highorder DMD analysis can extract the growth rate of the unsteady perturbations.The new method is validated by transition predictions of flows over a low-speed Natural-Laminar-Flow(NLF)airfoil NLF0416 at various angles of attack and a transonic NLF airfoil NPU-LSC-72613.The transition locations predicted by our HODMD/e^Nmethod agree well with experimental data and compare favorably to those obtained by some existing methods■.It is shown that the proposed method is able to predict transition locations for flows over different types of airfoils and offers the potential for application to 3D wings as well as more complex configurations.
文摘A new silole derivative, 2,5-bis(7-(dimesitylboranyl)-9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)- 1 -methyl- 1,3,4-triphenylsilole ((MesBF)2MTPS), is synthesized and characterized. (MesBF)2MTPS shows a good fluorescence efficiency of 15% in THF solution and a higher efficiency of 86% in solid film, presenting an aggregation-enhanced emission charac- teristic. It is thermally and morphologically stable, with high decomposition and glass-transition temperatures of 257 and 171 ℃, respectively. The LUMO energy level (-2.96 eV) of (MesBF)zMTPS is lower than that of TPBi, revealing its electron-transporting potential. Efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are fabricated using (MesBF)2MTPS as emitter, which radiates yellow light at 554 nm, and affords high maximum luminance, current efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 48348 cd·m^-2, 12.3 cd·A^-1, and 4.1%, respectively.
基金supported by the key project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2013CB834702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21525417)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2016A030312002)the National Program for Support of Top-Notch Young Professionals,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2015ZY013)the Innovation and Technology Commission(ITC-CNERC14S01)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant(2016M602463)the support from Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program(201101C0105067115)
文摘The luminogens with aggregation-induced emission(AIEgens) characteristics have been widely applied in diverse areas. However,the n-type AIEgens are to be further developed. In this paper, we designed and synthesized an n-type multifunctional AIEgen of tetraphenylethene-substituted 3,4,5-triphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(BTPE-TAZ). This AIEgen can serve as both light-emitting and electron-transporting layers in organic light-emitting devices. Moreover, it also exhibits the interesting optical waveguide and reversible mechanochromic luminescence properties, which are of great potential for practical applications.
基金National Numerical Wind Tunnel Project(No.NNW2018-ZT1A03)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12072285 and No.11972305).
文摘To increase the efficiency and robustness of stability-based transition prediction in flow simulations, simplified methods are introduced to substitute direct stability analyses for rapid disturbance growth prediction. For low-speed boundary layers, these methods are mainly established based on self-similar assumptions, which are not applicable to non-similar boundary layers in hypersonic flows. The objective of this article is to investigate the application of surrogate models to stability analysis of non-similar flows over blunt cones, focused on parameterization of boundary-layer (BL) profiles. Firstly, correlations between BL edge and profile parameters are analyzed, along with self-similar flow parameters and discrete points on BL profiles, which present four groups of BL characteristic parameters. Secondly, using these parameters as inputs, surrogate models are built for disturbance growth prediction over an MF-1 blunt cone. Results show that, surrogate models using four BL edge parameters and a BL shape factor {Ue, Te, ρe, ηe, H12} for stability analysis can achieve comparable accuracy with those using 16 discrete BL profile parameters, which are more precise than those using merely self-similar parameters or BL edge parameters. Thirdly, the established surrogate models are validated by stability analysis and transition prediction over the MF-1 blunt cone in flight experiments at the instants of t = 17 s ~ 22 s. Compared with direct linear stability analyses, the mean relative error of predicted disturbance growth rates by surrogate models is 8.0% and the maximum relative error of N factor envelopes is 6.6%, which indicates feasible applications of surrogate models to stability analysis and transition prediction of non-similar boundary layers in hypersonic flows.
文摘By melting tetraphenylethene (TPE) and 1,2,4,5-tetraphenyl-lH-imidazole (TPI) units together through different linking positions, three new fluorophores are synthesized, and their optical, electronic and electro- luminescence (EL) properties are fully studied. Owing to the presence of TPE unit(s), these fluorophores are weak emitters in solutions, but are induced to emit strongly in the aggregated state, presenting typical aggregation-induced emission characteristics. The experimental and computational results reveal that different connection patterns between TPE and TPI could impact the molecular conjugation greatly, leading to varied emission wavelength, fluorescence quantum yield and EL performance in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The fluorophore built by attaching TPE unit to the 1-position of imidazole ring shows bluest fluorescence, and its EL device emits at deep blue region (445 nm; CIE= (0.16, 0.15)). And the device based on the fluorophore by linking TPE to the 2- position of imidazole ring shows EL at 467 nm (CIE= (0.17, 0.22)) with good efficiencies of 3.17 cd.A ^-1, and 1.77%.