In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of t...In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of the integrated approaches to testing and assessment(IATA)the direct peptide reactivity assay(DPRA)and the human cell line activation test(h-CLAT)were used to detect the preservatives commonly used in cosmetics,including phenoxyethanol.methyl paraben,propyl paraben,imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin.The DPRA and the h-CLA were carried out according to the OEC442C and 442E guidelines,respectively.The results show that.phenoxyethanol and methyl paraben are both negative in DPRA and h-CLAT while imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin are both positive in these two tests.Propyl paraben has negative result in DPRA but positive result in h-CLAT.Therefore,imidazolidiny urea and DMDM hydantoin are sensitizers,while phenoxyethanol and methylparaben are non-sensitizers.Taken animal and human data into consideration,it is predicted that propyl paraben should be a non-sensitizer.The combination of DPRA and h-CLAT can make up for the limitations of using a single method,and it is suitable for the preliminary screening of cosmetic raw materials according to skin sensitization.展开更多
目的探讨应用远端通路导管在颅内闭塞大血管动脉取栓治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析天津市西青医院2015年1月—2017年12月收治68例颅内大动脉闭塞导致急性缺血性脑卒中采用静脉溶栓桥接动脉取栓治疗患者的临床资料。对照组42例患者应用单...目的探讨应用远端通路导管在颅内闭塞大血管动脉取栓治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析天津市西青医院2015年1月—2017年12月收治68例颅内大动脉闭塞导致急性缺血性脑卒中采用静脉溶栓桥接动脉取栓治疗患者的临床资料。对照组42例患者应用单纯Solitaire AB支架拉栓,观察组26例患者应用5F Navien导管抽吸配合Solitaire AB支架保护技术;对比分析两组患者大血管开通情况。结果68例患者中,颈内动脉颅内段动脉闭塞18例,大脑中脉闭塞34例,基底动脉闭塞16例。入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分:对照组为(15.07±2.79)分,观察组为(15.31±3.16)分,差异无统计学意义(t=0.323,P=0.748)。导引导管到位时间:对照组为(11.17±3.62)min,观察组为(10.54±4.24)min,差异无统计学意义(t=0.652,P=0.517)。血管获得再通时间:对照组为(104.26±14.28)min,观察组为(85.73±12.06)min,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.509,P<0.001)。术后TICI评分2b/3级者,对照组为24例(57.1%),观察组为21例(80.8%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=4.005,P<0.05)。结论在急性缺血性脑卒中取栓治疗中,应用远端通路导管配合支架保护技术可缩短血管再通时间,增加血管再通率。展开更多
文摘In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of the integrated approaches to testing and assessment(IATA)the direct peptide reactivity assay(DPRA)and the human cell line activation test(h-CLAT)were used to detect the preservatives commonly used in cosmetics,including phenoxyethanol.methyl paraben,propyl paraben,imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin.The DPRA and the h-CLA were carried out according to the OEC442C and 442E guidelines,respectively.The results show that.phenoxyethanol and methyl paraben are both negative in DPRA and h-CLAT while imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin are both positive in these two tests.Propyl paraben has negative result in DPRA but positive result in h-CLAT.Therefore,imidazolidiny urea and DMDM hydantoin are sensitizers,while phenoxyethanol and methylparaben are non-sensitizers.Taken animal and human data into consideration,it is predicted that propyl paraben should be a non-sensitizer.The combination of DPRA and h-CLAT can make up for the limitations of using a single method,and it is suitable for the preliminary screening of cosmetic raw materials according to skin sensitization.
文摘目的探讨应用远端通路导管在颅内闭塞大血管动脉取栓治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析天津市西青医院2015年1月—2017年12月收治68例颅内大动脉闭塞导致急性缺血性脑卒中采用静脉溶栓桥接动脉取栓治疗患者的临床资料。对照组42例患者应用单纯Solitaire AB支架拉栓,观察组26例患者应用5F Navien导管抽吸配合Solitaire AB支架保护技术;对比分析两组患者大血管开通情况。结果68例患者中,颈内动脉颅内段动脉闭塞18例,大脑中脉闭塞34例,基底动脉闭塞16例。入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分:对照组为(15.07±2.79)分,观察组为(15.31±3.16)分,差异无统计学意义(t=0.323,P=0.748)。导引导管到位时间:对照组为(11.17±3.62)min,观察组为(10.54±4.24)min,差异无统计学意义(t=0.652,P=0.517)。血管获得再通时间:对照组为(104.26±14.28)min,观察组为(85.73±12.06)min,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.509,P<0.001)。术后TICI评分2b/3级者,对照组为24例(57.1%),观察组为21例(80.8%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=4.005,P<0.05)。结论在急性缺血性脑卒中取栓治疗中,应用远端通路导管配合支架保护技术可缩短血管再通时间,增加血管再通率。
