Structure,function,and pathology of Neurexin-3

Neurexin-3 is primarily localized in the presynaptic membrane and forms complexes with various ligands located in the postsynaptic membrane.Neurexin-3 has important roles in synapse development and synapse functions.Neurexin-3 mediates excitatory presynaptic differentiation by interacting with leucine-rich-repeat transmembrane neuronal proteins.Meanwhile,neurexin-3 modulates the expression of presynapticα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors andγ-aminobutyric acid A receptors by interacting with neuroligins at excitatory and inhibitory synapses.Numerous studies have documented the potential contribution of neurexin-3 to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease,addiction behaviors,and other diseases,which raises hopes that understanding the mechanisms of neurexin-3 may hold the key to developing new strategies for related illnesses.This review comprehensively covers the literature to provide current knowledge of the structure,function,and clinical role of neurexin-3.

Wave‑Shaped Piezoelectric Nanofber Membrane Nanogenerator for Acoustic Detection and Recognition

With the rapid development of internet of things and wearable electronics,how to conveniently power uncountable sensors remains a huge challenge.Energy harvesting strategy is suggested to collect and convert environmental energies into electrical energy.Thereinto,piezoelectric polymers are utilized as fexible harvesters to convert mechanical energy.The latter widely distributes in both our daily life and industrial environment.Intrinsic piezoelectric property further drives piezoelectric polymers to construct fexible self-powered strain sensors.However,relatively low piezoelectric performance restricts their application in detection and conversion of weak mechanical excitations.Herein,wave-shaped 3D piezoelectric device was fabricated by embossing electrospun polyvinylidene fuoride nanofbers.This 3D structured device presents better longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric performance than usual fat-type one.This wave-shaped piezoelectric device was developed for acoustic detection and recognition with a frequency resolution better than 0.1 Hz.This wave-shaped device was capable of frequency spectrum analyses of various sound sources from human and animals and well presents its potential for future wearable acoustic sensors and transducers.

Alterations in expression and localization of POMGNT1 in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes dementia in the aging population.One of the characteristic pathologic hallmarks of AD is the senile plaques,composed of the accumulation of b-amyloid.Neurotoxic b-amyloid results from the cleavage of transmembrane b-amyloid precursor protein(APP)by b-secretases and g-secretases,sequentially.O-mannosylation was found essential for the normal function of APP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.1 Protein Olinked mannose b1,2-N-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase 1(POMGNT1)is a glycosyltransferase crucial for the elongation of O-mannosyl glycans and catalyzes the transfer of Nacetylglucosamine from uridine 50-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine to O-mannose of glycoproteins.