This paper describes a fire forecast system—Weather Research and Forecasting-Fire(WRF-Fire)—that is employed to simulate a real wildfire case in Xichang,Sichuan Province,Southwest China on 30 March 2020 at a 100-m r...This paper describes a fire forecast system—Weather Research and Forecasting-Fire(WRF-Fire)—that is employed to simulate a real wildfire case in Xichang,Sichuan Province,Southwest China on 30 March 2020 at a 100-m resolution over the fire area,in order to provide a fine representation of the terrain and fuel heterogeneities and explicitly resolve the atmospheric turbulence.Four sensitivity experiments were conducted to analyze the impacts of atmospheric model grid spacing and fire–atmosphere interaction on simulated meteorological fields and fire behavior.The results indicate that finer horizontal grid spacing in the atmospheric model improves the accuracy of wind,temperature,and moisture simulations in the near surface layer.Especially,it can better describe local wind field characteristics,capture microscale wind speed fluctuations,and produce more significant effect from fire–atmosphere interaction.The mass and energy released by the fire model and its feedback to the atmospheric model exhibit enhanced heterogeneous characteristics.The simulated fire area aligns well with the observation,with KAPPA coefficient(KC)of 0.56–0.59 and spatial correlation coefficient(SC) of 0.52–0.59.For this real case,the influence of heterogeneous land surface on the fire behavior is much greater than the atmosphere–fire interaction.The study suggests that WRFFire holds high potential as a real wildfire simulation tool,offering a new and feasible approach for fire prediction.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Long-term temperature variability(TV)has been examined to be associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD).TV-related dyslipidemia helps us understand the mechanism of how ...Summary What is already known about this topic?Long-term temperature variability(TV)has been examined to be associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD).TV-related dyslipidemia helps us understand the mechanism of how climate change affects CVD.What is added by this report?Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011 to 2018,this study estimated the long-term effect of TV on dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly adults.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3004105)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42275201)。
文摘This paper describes a fire forecast system—Weather Research and Forecasting-Fire(WRF-Fire)—that is employed to simulate a real wildfire case in Xichang,Sichuan Province,Southwest China on 30 March 2020 at a 100-m resolution over the fire area,in order to provide a fine representation of the terrain and fuel heterogeneities and explicitly resolve the atmospheric turbulence.Four sensitivity experiments were conducted to analyze the impacts of atmospheric model grid spacing and fire–atmosphere interaction on simulated meteorological fields and fire behavior.The results indicate that finer horizontal grid spacing in the atmospheric model improves the accuracy of wind,temperature,and moisture simulations in the near surface layer.Especially,it can better describe local wind field characteristics,capture microscale wind speed fluctuations,and produce more significant effect from fire–atmosphere interaction.The mass and energy released by the fire model and its feedback to the atmospheric model exhibit enhanced heterogeneous characteristics.The simulated fire area aligns well with the observation,with KAPPA coefficient(KC)of 0.56–0.59 and spatial correlation coefficient(SC) of 0.52–0.59.For this real case,the influence of heterogeneous land surface on the fire behavior is much greater than the atmosphere–fire interaction.The study suggests that WRFFire holds high potential as a real wildfire simulation tool,offering a new and feasible approach for fire prediction.
基金Supported by from National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(81872590 and 41761144056).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Long-term temperature variability(TV)has been examined to be associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD).TV-related dyslipidemia helps us understand the mechanism of how climate change affects CVD.What is added by this report?Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011 to 2018,this study estimated the long-term effect of TV on dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly adults.
