A review on g-C_(3)N_(4)decorated with silver for photocatalytic energy conversion

Artificial photocatalytic energy conversion is considered as the most potential strategy for solving the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution problems by directly capturing solar energy.Therefore,high efficiency photocatalyst has drawn significant research attention in recent years.Due to the excellent electronic,optical,structural,and physicochemical performances,silver-based g-C_(3)N_(4)have become promising photocatalysts.This review emphasizes the recent progresses and challenges on g-C_(3)N_(4)decorated with silver for photocatalytic energy conversion.The extensive use of g-C_(3)N_(4)decorated with silver in diverse photocatalytic reactions,including hydrogen evolution,pollutant degradation and carbon dioxide reduction,is also fully introduced.In addition,we propose the perspectives of g-C_(3)N_(4)decorated with silver on photocatalytic applications.We hope that this review will shed some light on the photocatalytic energy conversion of g-C_(3)N_(4)decorated with silver.

Insights on selective Pb adsorption via O 2p orbit in UiO-66 containing rich-zirconium vacancies

Herein,we constructed defective UiO-66 with rich Zr vacancy structure model,in which the defective structure was verified by various characterizations.Also,the Pb adsorption experiments affirmed that defective UiO-66 could display better adsorption and selective adsorption ability than that of perfect UiO-66.The results of partial density of states(PDOS)and Mulliken charge population indicated that the blue shift of O 2p and Zr 4d orbit induced the electron rearrangement of atoms closed to the bonding sites,while the positive charge number of Zr atoms decreased than before.Combining with the expansion of pore size,Pb atom was more inclined to transfer and bond with unsaturated coordination oxygens.More significantly,quantitative structure-activity relationships(QSARs)demonstrated that selective capture of Pb instead of Zn,Cu,Cd and Hg displayed by defective UiO-66 was determined jointly by bond strength,adsorption energy and electron transfer.This work provided some theoretical direction for the purpose of the fabrication of adsorbent and the investigation of mechanism.

Endoscopic anatomical study on anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach

Background:Endonasal transphenoidal approach by neuroendoscopy has its own advantage,such as direct access invasive,better visualization of the anterior communicating artery aneurysm and so on.The study is to provide anatomical knowledge for anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach with neuroendoscopy.Materials:Take 10 skull base specimens,observe and measure the anatomical structures around anterior communicating artery.Take 10 cadaveric heads,simulate the anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery with neuroendoscopy by endonasal transphenoidal approach.Find the natural opening of sphenoid sinus,then open the skull base,expand bone window in anterior skull base.After that,cut off the dura,find the optic nerve,optic chiasm,cisterna lamina terminalis,anterior cerebral artery,a portion of frontal lobe,anterior communicating artery complex and its important branches,such as heubner artery,hypothalamic artery,orbitofrontal artery and so on.Lift up anterior communicating artery complex and seperate arachnoid in cisterna lamina terminalis,the lamina terminalis is exposed.Block bilateral A1 of anterior cerebral artery with aneurysm clip,the anterior communicating artery complex and its important branches are in view,so we can clip anterior communicating artery aneurysm safely.Results:Anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery can be finished with neuroendoscopy by endonasal transphenoidal approach.The vital structures can be clearly observed with neuroendoscopy.The rhombus anatomic region formed by bilateral olfactory nerve and optic nerve is a safe surgical area.According to the calculation,the safe surgical area is about 161.48 ± 12.78 mm2.Measure the distance between the important anatomic structures in the rhombus anatomic region.By means of SPSS 17 Statistical analysis softvvare,the measuring distance is expressed with (x ± S)mm.Conclusion:The anterior communicating aneurysm surgery by endonasal transphenoidal approach with neuroendoscopy has its own advantage,such as direct access,minimally invasive,less bleeding,light pain,quick recovery,better visualization of the anterior communicating artery aneurysm and so on.This operation approach needs further study and exploration to clinical application,in order to become a mature approach of anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery.