Semi-implantable device based on multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster for continuous monitoring of physiological ions

Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.

Metagenomic analysis revealing the metabolic role of microbial communities in the free amino acid biosynthesis of Monascus rice vinegar during fermentation

Free amino acid(FAA)is the important component of vinegar that infl uences quality perception and consumer acceptance.FAA is one of the major metabolites produced by microorganisms;however,the microbial metabolic network on FAA biosynthesis remains unclear.Through metagenomic analysis,this work aimed to elucidate the roles of microbes in FAA biosynthesis during Monascus rice vinegar fermentation.Taxonomic profiles from functional analyses showed 14 dominant genera with high contributions to the metabolism pathways.The metabolic network for FAA biosynthesis was then constructed,and the microbial distribution in different metabolic pathways was illuminated.The results revealed that 5 functional genera were closely involved in FAA biosynthesis.This study illuminated the metabolic roles of microorganisms in FAA biosynthesis and provided crucial insights into the functional attributes of microbiota in vinegar fermentation.

1135例新生儿呼吸困难的病因、特点和危险因素分析

目的分析呼吸困难在新生儿期的常见病因、临床特点及危险因素。方法选取2018年1~12月扬州大学医学院附属淮安市妇幼保健院新生儿科住院2270例新生儿为研究对象。依据是否发生呼吸困难,分为呼吸困难组(1135例)及对照组(1135例)。分析呼吸困难新生儿的病因,比较不同胎龄、不同出生体重新生儿呼吸困难的发病率及新生儿呼吸困难的单因素分析、多因素分析等。结果新生儿呼吸困难在呼吸系统的发生率最高,其中新生儿肺炎为主要病因,新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征为第二病因。不同胎龄、不同出生体重的新生儿呼吸困难发生率比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。且胎龄、剖宫产、宫内窘迫、母亲贫血、窒息是发生新生儿呼吸困难的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论呼吸困难由多种病因所致,早发现、早诊断、早治疗,对提高新生儿疾病的治愈率、减少住院时间、降低死亡率及减少后遗症的发生有重要意义。

新型间接Z字结型g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6/Bi空心微球等离子共振增强光吸收和光催化性能（英文）

半导体光催化技术是目前最有前景的绿色化学技术,可通过利用太阳光降解污染物或制氢.作为有潜力的半导体催化剂,钼酸铋具有合适的带隙(2.58 eV).但是,由于低的量子产量,钼酸铋的光催化性能并不理想.为了提高钼酸铋的光催化性能,研究者多考虑采取构造异质结的方式.石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)能带位置合适,与多种光催化半导体能带匹配,是构造异质结的常用选择.因此,本文选用g-C3N4与钼酸铋复合,构造异质结结构.为了进一步提高光催化性能,多采用负载贵金属(Pt,Au和Pd)作为助催化剂,利用贵金属特有的等离子共振效应,增加光吸收,促进载流子分离,但贵金属价格昂贵.Bi金属单质价格便宜,具备等效的等离子共振效应,是理想的贵金属替代物.钼酸铋可以采取原位还原的方式还原出Bi单质,构造更紧密的界面结构,更有利于载流子传输.Bi的等离子共振效应可以有效提高材料的光吸收能力和光生载流子分离率.本文采用溶剂热和原位还原方法成功合成了一种新型三元异质结结构g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6/Bi(CN/BMO/Bi)空心微球.结果显示,三元异质结结构的最佳配比为0.4CN/BMO/9Bi,该样品表现出最好的光催化降解罗丹明B效率,是纯钼酸铋的9倍.通过计算DRS和XPS的价带数据,0.4CN/BMO/9Bi是一种Z字型异质结.牺牲试剂实验也提供了Z字型异质结的有力证据,测试显示超氧自由基·O^2-(在-0.33 eV)是光催化降解的主要基团.但是,钼酸铋的导带位置低于-0.33 eV,g-C3N4的导带高于-0.33 eV,因此g-C3N4的导带是唯一的反应位点,从而证明了光生载流子的转移是通过Z字型异质结结构实现的.TEM图显示金属Bi分散在钼酸铋表面.DRS和PL图分析表明金属Bi增加了材料的光吸收能力,同时扮演了中间介质的角色,促进钼酸铋导带的电子和g-C3N4价带的空穴快速复合.因此,g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6/Bi的优异光催化性能主要归功于Z字型异质结和Bi金属的等离子共振吸收效应,提高了材料的光吸收能力和光生载流子分离率.

Machining the Integral Impeller and Blisk of Aero-Engines:A Review of Surface Finishing and Strengthening Technologies

The integral impeller and blisk of an aero-engine are high performance parts with complex structure and made of difficult-to-cut materials. The blade surfaces of the integral impeller and blisk are functional surfaces for power transmission, and their surface integrity has signif- icant effects on the aerodynamic efficiency and service life of an aero-engine. Thus, it is indispensable to finish and strengthen the blades before use. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of studies on finishing and strengthening technologies for the impeller and blisk of aero-engines. The review includes independent and inte- grated finishing and strengthening technologies and dis- cusses advanced rotational abrasive flow machining with back-pressure used for finishing the integral impeller and blisk. A brief assessment of future research problems and directions is also presented.

静脉输注利多卡因在无痛结肠镜检查中的临床应用

目的观察静脉输注利多卡因在无痛结肠镜检查中的临床效果,探讨其有效性和安全性。方法选择在该院接受无痛结肠镜检查的患者90例,采用随机数字表法分为3组:舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(S组)、利多卡因复合丙泊酚组(L组)和单纯丙泊酚组(P组),每组30例。采用双盲法分别给予每组患者相应药物,持续监测并记录给药前(T_(0))、睫毛反射消失时(T_(1))、过脾曲时(T_(2))、过肝曲时(T_(3))以及镜检完成时(T_(4))的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO_(2)),观察3组患者术中丙泊酚预给量、追加量、总用量、不良事件发生情况和术后恢复情况等。结果与T0时点相比,3组患者T_(1)~T_(4)时点MAP、HR均明显降低(P<0.05),与T_(1)时点相比,P组T_(2)~T_(4)时点MAP、HR明显升高(P<0.05),3组SpO_(2)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);S组和L组丙泊酚预给量、追加量和总用量均明显少于P组(P<0.05);L组苏醒时间明显短于S组和P组(P<0.05);术后腹部疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和虚弱VAS评分L组明显优于S组或P组(P<0.05);L组注射痛、恶心呕吐、低氧血症发生率明显优于S组或P组(P<0.05),3组患者术中高血压、低血压、心动过缓发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论静脉输注利多卡因应用于无痛结肠镜检查中,可有效降低丙泊酚用量、稳定血流动力学、减少不良反应发生,加快术后恢复。

Secure K-Nearest neighbor queries in two-tiered mobile wireless sensor networks

Tiered Mobile Wireless Sensor Network(TMWSN)is a new paradigm introduced by mobile edge computing.Now it has received wide attention because of its high scalability,robustness,deployment flexibility,and it has a wide range of application scenarios.In TMWSNs,the storage nodes are the key nodes of the network and are more easily captured and utilized by attackers.Once the storage nodes are captured by the attackers,the data stored on them will be exposed.Moreover,the query process and results will not be trusted any more.This paper mainly studies the secure KNN query technology in TMWSNs,and we propose a secure KNN query algorithm named the Basic Algorithm For Secure KNN Query(BAFSKQ)first,which can protect privacy and verify the integrity of query results.However,this algorithm has a large communication overhead in most cases.In order to solve this problem,we propose an improved algorithm named the Secure KNN Query Algorithm Based on MR-Tree(SEKQAM).The MR-Trees are used to find the K-nearest locations and help to generate a verification set to process the verification of query results.It can be proved that our algorithms can effectively guarantee the privacy of the data stored on the storage nodes and the integrity of the query results.Our experimental results also show that after introducing the MR-Trees in KNN queries on TMWSNs,the communication overhead has an effective reduction compared to BAFSKQ.

Related factors of dilated cardiomyopathy

目的将在中国病人调查病原学和扩大心肌症(DCM ) 的相对因素。盒子控制研究被进行与稳定的心绞痛(控制组) 在高发生的区域(案例组) 和 150 个病人把 233 个病人与 DCM 作比较的方法。疾病信息的生活方式和历史被询问表收集；人的反心肌的抗体 IgG (AMA- IgG ) ，人的 Coxsackie B 病毒 IgG (CBV- IgG ) 和人的侵入人体气管粘膜的病菌抗体 IgG (副词 -- lgG ) 与 ELISA 被测量。来自高、低的流行区域和浆液踪迹元素的饮料水里的一般化学、毒物学的指示物也被比较。结果 1 ) 与控制组，相比，案例组有更多的农民(P < 0.01 ) ，与低平均收入(P < 0.01 ) ，更高的白酒消费(P < 0.01 ) 并且心肌炎的历史的更高的发生(P < 0.01 ) 。2 ) AMA-IgG， CBV-IgG 和 ADV-IgG 层次是低的，有 DCM 的病人的积极的率 ofAMA-IgG， CBV-IgG 和 ADV-IgG 是分别地 7.78% ， 6.67% 和 6.67% ，在控制组与那些作比较的没有统计意义。3 ) 铁的内容(1.36？

Construction and expression of an optimized, novel human immunodeficiency virus type-1 lentiviral vector containing green fluorescent protein

The human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） lentiviral vector is an ideal vector for gene therapy. In the present study, the wild-type HIV-1 genome was segregated into four plasmids, and an optimized novel HIV-1 lentiviral vector containing green fluorescent protein and vesicular stomatitis virus G pseudo-capsule was constructed. The plasmids were pHR-CMV-EGFP, pCMVΔ8.9, pRSV-Rev, pCMV-VSV-G. The four plasmid system was co-transfected into 293T cells, and green fluorescent protein expression was observed. The present study obtained lentiviral particles by high-speed centrifugation, and the lentiviral particle titer was 4 × 108 TU/mL after centrifugation. Thus, an optimized novel HIV-1 lentiviral vector was successfully constructed.

Investigation of the trajectory uniformity in water dissolution ultraprecision continuous polishing of large-sized KDP crystal

Large-sized potassium dihydrogen phosphate(KDP)crystals are an irreplaceable nonlinear optical component in an inertial confinement fusion project.Restricted by the size,previous studies have been aimed mainly at the removal principle and surface roughness of small-sized KDP crystals,with less research on flatness.Due to its low surface damage and high machining efficiency,water dissolution ultraprecision continuous polishing(WDUCP)has become a good technique for processing large-sized KDP crystals.In this technique,the trajectory uniformity of water droplets can directly affect the surface quality,such as flatness and roughness.Specifically,uneven trajectory distribution of water droplets on the surface of KDP crystals derived from the mode of motion obviously affects the surface quality.In this study,the material removal mechanism of WDUCP was introduced.A simulation of the trajectory of water droplets on KDP crystals under different eccentricity modes of motion was then performed.Meanwhile,the coefficient of variation(CV)was utilized to evaluate the trajectory uniformity.Furthermore,to verify the reliability of the simulation,some experimental tests were also conducted by employing a large continuous polisher.The results showed that the CV varied from 0.67 to 2.02 under the certain eccentricity mode of motion and varied from 0.48 to 0.65 under the uncertain eccentricity mode of motion.The CV of uncertain eccentricity is always smaller than that of certain eccentricity.Hence,the uniformity of trajectory was better under uncertain eccentricity.Under the mode of motion of uncertain eccentricity,the initial surface texture of the100 mm×100 mm×10 mm KDP crystal did achieve uniform planarization.The surface root mean square roughness was reduced to 2.182 nm,and the flatness was reduced to 22.013μm.Therefore,the feasibility and validity of WDUCP for large-sized KDP crystal were verified.

Optimization of the Hot Pressing Process for Preparing Flax Fiber/PE Thermoplastic Composite

The hot pressing process parameters were optimized to prepare flax fiber reinforced polyethylene(PE)thermoplastic composite by the Taguchi method.The optimal hot pressing process parameters were determined to increase the tensile strength of the composite.The optimal parameters of the design include the following sections:hot pressing temperature,pressure,hot pressing time and coupling agent modification time.An L9(3*4)orthogonal matrix based on the Taguchi method was created.By means of analysis of signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance,the optimal hot pressing process parameters combination was found,compared to the average tensile strength in the nine design experiments,and the tensile strength was improved nearly 10%.

Aggregation-induced delayed electrochemiluminescence of organic dots in aqueous media

Full utilization of the excited species at both singlet states(1R*)and triplet states(3R*)is crucial to improving electrochemiluminescence(ECL)efficiency but is challenging for organic luminescent materials.Here,an aggregation-induced delayed ECL(AIDECL)active organic dot(OD)containing a benzophenone acceptor and dimethylacridine donor is reported,which shows high ECL efficiency via reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)of non-emissive 3R*to emissive 1R*,overcoming the spin-forbidden radiative decay from 3R*.By introducing dual donor-acceptor pairs into luminophores,it is found that nonradiative pathway could be further suppressed via enhanced intermolecular weak interactions,and multiple spin-up conversion channels could be activated.As a consequence,the obtained OD enjoys a 6.8-fold higher ECL efficiency relative to the control AIDECL-active OD.Single-crystal studies and theoretical calculations reveal that the enhanced AIDECL behaviors come from the acceleration of both radiative transition and RISC.This work represents a major step towards purely organic,high-efficiency ECL dyes and a direction for the design of next-generation ECL dyes at the molecular level.

Time-resolved luminescent nanoprobes based on lanthanide nucleotide self-assemblies for alkaline phosphatase detection

Currently,enzyme-responsive nanomaterials have shown great promise in prognosis or diagnosis of disease biomarker.However,the great obstacle for conventional enzyme-responsive nanomaterials frequently lies in autofluorescence interference,poor monodispersity,uncontrollable size and morphology,low optical stability,and biotoxicity,which fundamentally impede their practical application in biological systems.To overcome these deficiencies,we proposed a novel strategy for reliable and precise detection of an enzyme disease biomarker,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),through lanthanide(Ln^(3+))nucleotide nanoparticles(LNNPs)with extremely improved monodispersity and uniformity,which were achieved by the coordination self-assembly between ATP and Ln^(3+)inside micellar nanoreactor.Specifically,for ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs,highly improved photoluminescence(PL)emission of Tb^(3+)can be achieved via efficient Ce^(3+)sensitization.We demonstrated that ALP could specifically cleave the phosphorus–oxygen(P–O)bonds of ATP and result in the collapse of ATP-Ce/Tb scaffold,finally leading to the PL quenching of Tb^(3+).By taking advantage of time-resolved(TR)PL technique,the fabricated ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs presented superior selectivity and sensitivity for the ALP bioassay in complicated serum samples,thus revealing the great potential of ATP-Ce/Tb LNNPs in the areas of ALP-related disease prognosis and diagnosis.

Host molecule enhanced aggregation induced emission of chiral silver nanoclusters for achieving highly efficient circularly polarized electroluminescence

Chiral metal nanoclusters(MNCs)are competitive candidates for fabricating circularly polarized light-emitting diodes(CPLEDs),but the device performance is greatly limited by the poor emission of MNCs in solid thin films.Herein,host molecule enhanced aggregation induced emission(AIE)of MNCs is demonstrated for fabricating highly efficient CPLEDs.Namely,on the basis of the AIE effect of atomically precise enantiomeric(R/S)-4-phenylthiazolidine-2-thione capped silver(R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6))NCs in solid thin films,1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene(mCP)is introduced as a host molecule to control the orientation and packing arrangements of R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs throughπ–πinteractions with the R/S-Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NCs and further enhance the AIE.The as-fabricated Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC/mCP hybrid solid thin film shows a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 71.0%close to that of Ag_(6)(PTLT)_(6) NC single crystal.As the hybrid films are employed as the active emission layers of CPLEDs,mCP also suppresses the triplettriplet annihilation and balances the charge transport.Thus,the CPLEDs exhibit a maximum brightness of 3,906 cd/m^(2),peak external quantum efficiency of 10.0%,electroluminescence dissymmetry factors of−5.3×10^(−3)and 4.7×10^(−3).

Smoothing strategy for corner of small curvature radius by abrasive waterjet machining

Abrasive waterjet(AWJ)is widely applied in 2D machining as it offers high machining efficiency and low machining cost.However,machining a 3D surface,especially for a small curvature radius freeform surface(SCRFS),results in over-erosion of the corner,and has been one of the greatest issues of AWJ.To solve this problem,a local smoothing algorithm for SCRFS is developed by the junction of two linear segments at the corner by inserting cubic second-order B-spline to smooth the nozzle path and posture under the setting tolerance error,which is aimed to avoid over-erosion due to the change in dwell time.Analytical solutions of the smooth corner position and orientation of the nozzle path are obtained by evaluating a synchronization algorithm.According to the set tolerance error of the nozzle position and orientation,the interpolation of the smooth path of the corner meets the constraint conditions of the linear feed drive.Path simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method is validated by the experimental results and has been applied to the integral blisk machining of an aero-engine.

光热转换材料及其在脱盐领域的应用

光热脱盐技术在缓解水资源短缺和减少水环境污染等方面具有重要的应用前景,已吸引了各国研究者的广泛关注。光热脱盐主要是利用光热转换材料将吸收的太阳光能直接、高效地转化为热能,以蒸发水分实现含盐水脱盐和水质净化,其效率取决于光热转换材料的性能。本文综述了近年来太阳能光热转换材料如金属基材料、碳基材料、半导体材料、有机聚合物材料、复合光热材料的研究现状及其光热转换机理,并介绍了光热转换材料在脱盐领域的应用进展。基于上述分析,对光热转换材料在未来脱盐领域的研究前景进行了展望,提出应针对光热转换材料的低强度全光谱吸收和高效转化利用、光热稳定性和重复使用性提高,以及光热脱盐系统的热传递损失最小化和热量利用最大化等方面进行深入探析。

Metabolic characteristics and nutrient utilization in high-feedefficiency pigs selected using different feed conversion ratio models

An understanding of the nutrient utilization characteristics of pigs with different feed efficiencies(FEs) will help us to develop new strategies to reduce the costs of pig production.In this study,we selected pigs with a range of FEs according to two feed conversion ratio models: the feed intake(FI) model,where pigs had the same average daily gains(ADGs) but different FIs,and the ADG model,where pigs had the same FIs but different ADGs.High-FE pigs had a higher abundance of short chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria(Lachnospiraceae,Clostridiaceae1,and Coriobacteriaceae) in their caecum in the FI model,and low-FE pigs had a higher abundance of two families(BacteroidalesS247group and Peptococcaceae) and two genera(Anaerotruncus and CandidatusSoleaferrea) in both models.By contrast,high-FE pigs had more goblet cells and higher m RNA expression of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) in the FI model,and higher mRNA expression of occludin but lower expressions of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-α2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha(PGC1α) in the ADG model.These findings suggest that the presence of SCFA-producing bacteria in the caecum and increased muscular growth may contribute to the high FE of low-FI pigs,while improved intestinal functions and decreased mitochondrial activity in the skeletal muscle are related to the high FE of high-ADG pigs.

Research progress on ultra-precision machining technologies for soft-brittle crystal materials

Soft-brittle crystal materials are widely used in many fields, especially optics and microelectronics. However, these materials are difficult to machine through traditional machining methods because of their brittle, soft, and anisotropic nature. In this article, the characteristics and machining diff^culties of soft-brittle and crystals are presented. Moreover, the latest research progress of novel machining technologies and their applications for soft- brittle crystals are introduced by using some representative materials （e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate （KDP）, cadmium zinc telluride （CZT）） as examples. This article reviews the research progress of soft-brittle crystals processing.

Error modeling and compensating of a novel 6-DOF aeroengine rotor docking equipment

In the docking process of aeroengine rotor parts,docking accuracy that indicates the gaps between the end faces is strictly required.A key issue is improving docking accuracy using automated docking equipment.In this paper,a systematic study is carried out on the error modeling and compensation of a novel six-degrees-of-freedom(6-DOF)docking equipment for aeroengine rotors.First,a new model for indicating the main indexes of docking accuracy is proposed.Then,the error model of a specially designed 6-DOF docking equipment is established based on a modified Denavit Hartenberg method with five parameters.Subsequently,two error compensation methods are proposed.Based on the above models,a docking accuracy simulation algorithm is proposed using the Monte Carlo method.Finally,verification experiments are conducted.The results show that,for the maximum values and standard deviations of the gaps between the rotor end-faces in the actual and target positions and attitudes,i.e.,main indexes that represent docking accuracy,the deviation rates between the simulation and experimental results are less than20%.The modeling methods have referential significance.The decline rates of these values are 50–65%when using the two proposed compensation methods.The compensation methods significantly improve the docking accuracy.

Trace Ir(Ⅲ)complex enhanced electrochemiluminescence of AIE-active Pdots in aqueous media

Trace Ir(Ⅲ)complex enhanced aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence(AIECL)of poly-tetraphenylethene(p TPE)in aqueous media was investigated for the first time.The poly-TPE end-capped by Ir(Ⅲ)complex(Ir@p TPE)and its corresponding model polymer poly-TPE(Ph@pTPE)could be synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization reaction of 1,2-bis(4-bromophenyl)-1,2-diphenylethene(M-1)with 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)ethene(M-2)and the continuous Suzuki coupling end-capped reaction of poly-TPE-pinacol boronate with(pq)2 Ir(pico)Br and bromobenzene,respectively.Subsequently,the corresponding Ir@p TPE Pdots and Ph@p TPE Pdots encapsulated with poly(styrene-co-maleicanhydride)(PSMA)could be obtained by nanoprecipitation method.Compared with Ph@p TPE Pdots,the Ir@p TPE Pdots with a trace amount of Ir(Ⅲ)complex(1.34‰of Ir(Ⅲ)content,wt)could exhibit 9.9-fold enhancement of the electrochemiluminescence(ECL)signal for visual emission.This work provided a novel strategy on designing highly efficient ECL materials based on trace Ir(Ⅲ)-end capping AIE-active polymer dots.