Communication over wireless links identifies significant challenges for routing protocols operating. This paper proposes a Cross-layer design based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, by mean...Communication over wireless links identifies significant challenges for routing protocols operating. This paper proposes a Cross-layer design based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, by means of the node energy signal from the physical layer. The purpose is to optimize routing decision and path quality. The nodes’ mobility behavior is predicted using a notion of “Signal Fading Degree, SFD”. Especially, in combination of the IEEE 802.11e standard at the MAC layer, we determine that the IEEE 802.11e makes a significant contribution to performance improvement of CMRP. Performance evaluation of AODV in legacy 802.11 and CMRP in IEEE 802.11e shows that, as a function of speed of node mobility, a tremendous reduction achieved, in metrics such as the average end-to-end delay, route overhead, route discovery frequency, normalized routing load - almost more than 80%, 40%, 40%, and 40%. In the case of varying number of sessions, the reduction for route discovery frequency and normalized routing load are up to 70% and 80%.展开更多
The genetic diversity of 36 rice landraces and 43 breeding materials in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China was studied by intragenic molecular markers of 26 starch synthesis-related loci.And research on q...The genetic diversity of 36 rice landraces and 43 breeding materials in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China was studied by intragenic molecular markers of 26 starch synthesis-related loci.And research on quality traits such as the amylose content(AC),gel consistency(GC)and alkali spreading value(ASV)to analyze genetic differences in quality traits.The results showed that the number of alleles,average gene diversity and polymorphism information content values of landraces were higher than those of breeding materials.The genetic similarity coefficient(GS)of 79 rice materials ranged from 0.392 to 1,with an average of 0.757.There were significant variations in the quality traits of rice landraces and breeding materials,and the high-quality compliance rates were low,only 6.3%of the varieties have an amylose content that reached grade 1.The results of cluster analysis and population structure analysis are generally consistent;that is,the two resource types are closely related and cannot be clustered independently.This study can provide a basis for genetic improvement of rice starch quality.Make full use of the quality genetic diversity of landraces in modern breeding work,further broaden the genetic base of rice and improve rice quality.展开更多
Transition metal-N-C materials have considerably been demonstrated as promising catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in Zn-air batteries.Current efforts mainly focus on tailoring coordination structure...Transition metal-N-C materials have considerably been demonstrated as promising catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in Zn-air batteries.Current efforts mainly focus on tailoring coordination structure and identifying active sites of metal-N-C materials for ORR,while the mass transport of metal-N-C employed in catalytic layers of working electrodes is seldom engineered.Herein,a Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst featuring high mesoporosity and abundant electrochemically accessible active sites is developed through post-loading Fe species into defective N-doped carbon support.The Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst serving as the air cathode of Zn-air battery delivers a peak power density of 189.9 mW cm^(−2),significantly larger than 114.2 mW cm^(−2) of commercial Pt/C and 162.9 mW cm^(−2) of the Fe-N-C contrast catalyst with low mesoporosity.More importantly,through adding hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)nanoparticles in the catalytic layer of air cathode,the peak power density of Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst is further increased to 212.3 mW cm^(−2).The increased peak power density is attributed to the enhancement of O_(2) mass transport,as evidenced by a substantially decreased diffusion layer thickness that is obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.展开更多
Despite recent progress in hepatitis treatment,there have been no significant advances in the development of liver cancer vaccines in recent years.In this study,we investigated the regulatory effect and potential mech...Despite recent progress in hepatitis treatment,there have been no significant advances in the development of liver cancer vaccines in recent years.In this study,we investigated the regulatory effect and potential mechanism of hepatocyte growth factor receptor(MET,also known as HGFR)on tumor vaccinations for liver cancer in mice.Herein,we demonstrate that MET expression is significantly associated with the immunogenicity of liver cancer in mice and humans,and that MET depletion dramatically enhances the protective efficacy of chemotherapy-based anti-liver cancer vaccination.Mechanistically,MET repressed liver cancer immunogenicity independent of the traditional PI3K–AKT cascade,and MET interacted with vacuolar ATP synthase(V-ATPase)and mediated the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin(MTOR),thus suppressing liver cancer immunogenicity.The efficacy of chemotherapy-based liver cancer vaccination was markedly enhanced by targeting the MET–V-ATPase–MTOR axis,highlighting a translational strategy for identifying MET-associated drug candidates for cancer prevention.展开更多
文摘Communication over wireless links identifies significant challenges for routing protocols operating. This paper proposes a Cross-layer design based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, by means of the node energy signal from the physical layer. The purpose is to optimize routing decision and path quality. The nodes’ mobility behavior is predicted using a notion of “Signal Fading Degree, SFD”. Especially, in combination of the IEEE 802.11e standard at the MAC layer, we determine that the IEEE 802.11e makes a significant contribution to performance improvement of CMRP. Performance evaluation of AODV in legacy 802.11 and CMRP in IEEE 802.11e shows that, as a function of speed of node mobility, a tremendous reduction achieved, in metrics such as the average end-to-end delay, route overhead, route discovery frequency, normalized routing load - almost more than 80%, 40%, 40%, and 40%. In the case of varying number of sessions, the reduction for route discovery frequency and normalized routing load are up to 70% and 80%.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation(31670326)Technology Innovation and Application Development Program in Chongqing(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0353)Achievement Transfer Program of Institutions of Higher Education in Chongqing(KJZH17114)。
文摘The genetic diversity of 36 rice landraces and 43 breeding materials in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China was studied by intragenic molecular markers of 26 starch synthesis-related loci.And research on quality traits such as the amylose content(AC),gel consistency(GC)and alkali spreading value(ASV)to analyze genetic differences in quality traits.The results showed that the number of alleles,average gene diversity and polymorphism information content values of landraces were higher than those of breeding materials.The genetic similarity coefficient(GS)of 79 rice materials ranged from 0.392 to 1,with an average of 0.757.There were significant variations in the quality traits of rice landraces and breeding materials,and the high-quality compliance rates were low,only 6.3%of the varieties have an amylose content that reached grade 1.The results of cluster analysis and population structure analysis are generally consistent;that is,the two resource types are closely related and cannot be clustered independently.This study can provide a basis for genetic improvement of rice starch quality.Make full use of the quality genetic diversity of landraces in modern breeding work,further broaden the genetic base of rice and improve rice quality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21838003,91834301,21978278,21978087)the Shanghai Scientific and Technological Innovation Project(18JC1410500,19JC1410400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(222201718002)。
文摘Transition metal-N-C materials have considerably been demonstrated as promising catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in Zn-air batteries.Current efforts mainly focus on tailoring coordination structure and identifying active sites of metal-N-C materials for ORR,while the mass transport of metal-N-C employed in catalytic layers of working electrodes is seldom engineered.Herein,a Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst featuring high mesoporosity and abundant electrochemically accessible active sites is developed through post-loading Fe species into defective N-doped carbon support.The Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst serving as the air cathode of Zn-air battery delivers a peak power density of 189.9 mW cm^(−2),significantly larger than 114.2 mW cm^(−2) of commercial Pt/C and 162.9 mW cm^(−2) of the Fe-N-C contrast catalyst with low mesoporosity.More importantly,through adding hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)nanoparticles in the catalytic layer of air cathode,the peak power density of Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst is further increased to 212.3 mW cm^(−2).The increased peak power density is attributed to the enhancement of O_(2) mass transport,as evidenced by a substantially decreased diffusion layer thickness that is obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970696 and 81502975 to X.H.,and 81830089 to T.L.)the National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFC1316000 to T.L.)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016T90413 and 2015M581693 to X.H.)SEU-Alphamab Joint Center(SA2015001 to X.H.)Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of High-level Innovative Health Talents(to X.B.).
文摘Despite recent progress in hepatitis treatment,there have been no significant advances in the development of liver cancer vaccines in recent years.In this study,we investigated the regulatory effect and potential mechanism of hepatocyte growth factor receptor(MET,also known as HGFR)on tumor vaccinations for liver cancer in mice.Herein,we demonstrate that MET expression is significantly associated with the immunogenicity of liver cancer in mice and humans,and that MET depletion dramatically enhances the protective efficacy of chemotherapy-based anti-liver cancer vaccination.Mechanistically,MET repressed liver cancer immunogenicity independent of the traditional PI3K–AKT cascade,and MET interacted with vacuolar ATP synthase(V-ATPase)and mediated the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin(MTOR),thus suppressing liver cancer immunogenicity.The efficacy of chemotherapy-based liver cancer vaccination was markedly enhanced by targeting the MET–V-ATPase–MTOR axis,highlighting a translational strategy for identifying MET-associated drug candidates for cancer prevention.
