Hydrogel is a kind of three-dimensional crosslinked polymer material with high moisture content.However,due to the network defects of polymer gels,traditional hydrogels are usually brittle and fragile,which limits the...Hydrogel is a kind of three-dimensional crosslinked polymer material with high moisture content.However,due to the network defects of polymer gels,traditional hydrogels are usually brittle and fragile,which limits their practical applications.Herein,we present a Hofmeister effect-aided facile strategy to prepare high-performance poly(vinyl alcohol)/montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogels.Layered montmorillonite nanosheets can not only serve as crosslinking agents to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrogel but also promote the ion conduction.More importantly,based on the Hofmeister effect,the presence of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)can endow nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties by affecting PVA chains'aggregation state and crystallinity.As a result,the as-prepared nanocomposite hydrogels possess unique physical properties,including robust mechanical and electrical properties.The as-prepared hydrogels can be further assembled into a high-performance flexible sensor,which can sensitively detect large-scale and small-scale human activities.The simple design concept of this work is believed to provide a new prospect for developing robust nanocomposite hydrogels and flexible devices in the future.展开更多
In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including ...In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.展开更多
Benefiting from the progress of power electronics technology,distributed generation technology is developing rapidly.Since microgrids cannot rely on traditional multi-time scale control strategies to ensure the high-q...Benefiting from the progress of power electronics technology,distributed generation technology is developing rapidly.Since microgrids cannot rely on traditional multi-time scale control strategies to ensure the high-quality frequency stability control and economic dispatch in the same time scale,this paper proposes an extreme dynamic programming algorithm.The proposed algorithm takes an adaptive dynamic programming algorithm as the framework,an extreme learning machine as a kernel of the evaluation module,a model module,an implementation module and a new prediction module.The resulting unified time scale intelligent control algorithm better realizes the combined functions of“droop control+automatic generation control+economic dispatch”in the traditional opermode.Finally,in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,a microgrid model of 8 nodes is simulated.The results confirm the feasibility and validity of the proposed extreme dynamic programming algorithm.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274356)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.20720220022)the 111 Project(Grant No.B16029)。
文摘Hydrogel is a kind of three-dimensional crosslinked polymer material with high moisture content.However,due to the network defects of polymer gels,traditional hydrogels are usually brittle and fragile,which limits their practical applications.Herein,we present a Hofmeister effect-aided facile strategy to prepare high-performance poly(vinyl alcohol)/montmorillonite nanocomposite hydrogels.Layered montmorillonite nanosheets can not only serve as crosslinking agents to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrogel but also promote the ion conduction.More importantly,based on the Hofmeister effect,the presence of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)can endow nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties by affecting PVA chains'aggregation state and crystallinity.As a result,the as-prepared nanocomposite hydrogels possess unique physical properties,including robust mechanical and electrical properties.The as-prepared hydrogels can be further assembled into a high-performance flexible sensor,which can sensitively detect large-scale and small-scale human activities.The simple design concept of this work is believed to provide a new prospect for developing robust nanocomposite hydrogels and flexible devices in the future.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant o.50808021)
文摘In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51777078,51477055).
文摘Benefiting from the progress of power electronics technology,distributed generation technology is developing rapidly.Since microgrids cannot rely on traditional multi-time scale control strategies to ensure the high-quality frequency stability control and economic dispatch in the same time scale,this paper proposes an extreme dynamic programming algorithm.The proposed algorithm takes an adaptive dynamic programming algorithm as the framework,an extreme learning machine as a kernel of the evaluation module,a model module,an implementation module and a new prediction module.The resulting unified time scale intelligent control algorithm better realizes the combined functions of“droop control+automatic generation control+economic dispatch”in the traditional opermode.Finally,in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,a microgrid model of 8 nodes is simulated.The results confirm the feasibility and validity of the proposed extreme dynamic programming algorithm.
