The efficacy and specificity of conventional monoclonal antibody(mAb)drugs in the clinic require further improvement.Currently,the development and application of novel antibody formats for improving cancer immunothera...The efficacy and specificity of conventional monoclonal antibody(mAb)drugs in the clinic require further improvement.Currently,the development and application of novel antibody formats for improving cancer immunotherapy have attracted much attention.Variable region-retaining antibody fragments,such as antigen-binding fragment(Fab),single-chain variable fragment(scFv),bispecific antibody,and bi/trispecific cell engagers,are engineered with humanization,multivalent antibody construction,affinity optimization and antibody masking for targeting tumor cells and killer cells to improve antibody-based therapy potency,efficacy and specificity.In this review,we summarize the application of antibody variable region engineering and discuss the future direction of antibody engineering for improving cancer therapies.展开更多
Extracellular DNA is secreted from various sources including apoptotic cells,NETotic neutrophils and bacterial biofilms.Extracellular DNA can stimulate innate immune responses to induce type-I IFN production after bei...Extracellular DNA is secreted from various sources including apoptotic cells,NETotic neutrophils and bacterial biofilms.Extracellular DNA can stimulate innate immune responses to induce type-I IFN production after being endocytosed.This process is central in antiviral responses but it also plays important role in the pathogenesis of a range of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.We discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the role of extracellular DNA,released from apoptotic and NETotic cells,in autoimmunity.展开更多
基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-017。
文摘The efficacy and specificity of conventional monoclonal antibody(mAb)drugs in the clinic require further improvement.Currently,the development and application of novel antibody formats for improving cancer immunotherapy have attracted much attention.Variable region-retaining antibody fragments,such as antigen-binding fragment(Fab),single-chain variable fragment(scFv),bispecific antibody,and bi/trispecific cell engagers,are engineered with humanization,multivalent antibody construction,affinity optimization and antibody masking for targeting tumor cells and killer cells to improve antibody-based therapy potency,efficacy and specificity.In this review,we summarize the application of antibody variable region engineering and discuss the future direction of antibody engineering for improving cancer therapies.
基金funded by Prof Gavin Screaton supported by Wellcome Trust(G.R.S).
文摘Extracellular DNA is secreted from various sources including apoptotic cells,NETotic neutrophils and bacterial biofilms.Extracellular DNA can stimulate innate immune responses to induce type-I IFN production after being endocytosed.This process is central in antiviral responses but it also plays important role in the pathogenesis of a range of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.We discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the role of extracellular DNA,released from apoptotic and NETotic cells,in autoimmunity.
