MiR-450b-5p enhances the radiosensitivity of HR^(+) and HER2^(−) breast cancer by targeting CDK6

Background:The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to radiation is a key cause of locoregional recurrence after postoperative radiotherapy.Several studies have reported that microRNAs(miRNAs)are involved in the radiosensitivity of human breast cancer cells.One miRNA microarray study showed that miR-450b-5p was overexpressed 13.3-fold in patients with estrogen receptor–positive(ER^(+))and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative(HER2−)breast cancer and no local relapse compared with local relapse patients.However,its underlying mechanism of action remains unknown.Methods:The predicted target mRNAs of miR-450b-5p were screened using the TargetScan,miRDB,and miRWalk databases.Western blotting,quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and dual-luciferase reporter assays explored the association between cyclindependent kinase 6(CDK6)and miR-450b-5p.The cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry detected the proliferation of transfected MCF7 cells.Colony formation and xenograft tumors detected the radiosensitivity of the transfected MCF7 cells.Results:Bioinformatics analysis,Western blotting,quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that CDK6 was the target gene of miR-450b-5p.Furthermore,in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that miR-450b-5p inhibited MCF7 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression,increased the sensitizer enhancement ratio,and decreased the volume of xenograft tumors after irradiation by regulating CDK6.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that miR-450b-5p enhances the radiosensitivity of hormone receptor–positive(HR^(+))and HER2−breast cancer cells and elucidates its mechanism.miR-450b-5p may be considered a therapeutic target in HR^(+)and HER2−breast cancer treated with radiotherapy.

妇产科手术后盆腹腔粘连预防中国指南(2023年版)

粘连是最常见的手术并发症,术后粘连在妇产科手术后也较为常见,术后粘连可能引起病理性的并发症,严重者甚至可危及生命。为了在临床上更好地预防粘连,在2015年的《预防妇产科手术后盆腹腔粘连的中国专家共识》基础上,根据新的研究结果,专家组遴选了与临床密切相关的12项问题进行了文献检索,并根据国际通用的标准进行了严谨评级和严格推荐。在兼顾严肃性、严谨性、严格性、实用性、科学性、权威性、政策性和安全性的前提下,最终制定了本指南,以规范临床工作,指导选择防粘连材料,加强防粘连意识,最终使患者获益。

Compositional Prompting Video-language Models to Understand Procedure in Instructional Videos

Instructional videos are very useful for completing complex daily tasks,which naturally contain abundant clip-narration pairs.Existing works for procedure understanding are keen on pretraining various video-language models with these pairs and then finetuning downstream classifiers and localizers in predetermined category space.These video-language models are proficient at representing short-term actions,basic objects,and their combinations,but they are still far from understanding long-term procedures.In addition,the predetermined procedure category faces the problem of combination disaster and is inherently inapt to unseen procedures.Therefore,we propose a novel compositional prompt learning(CPL)framework to understand long-term procedures by prompting short-term video-language models and reformulating several classical procedure understanding tasks into general video-text matching problems.Specifically,the proposed CPL consists of one visual prompt and three compositional textual prompts(including the action prompt,object prompt,and procedure prompt),which could compositionally distill knowledge from short-term video-language models to facilitate long-term procedure understanding.Besides,the task reformulation enables our CPL to perform well in all zero-shot,few-shot,and fully-supervised settings.Extensive experiments on two widely-used datasets for procedure understanding demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Editorial for Special Issue on Large-scale Pre-training:Data,Models,and Fine-tuning

In recent years,there has been a surge of interest and rapid development in large-scale pre-training due to the explosive growth of both data and model parameters.Large-scale training has achieved impressive performance milestones across a wide range of practical problems,including natural language processing,computer vision,recommendation systems,robotics,and other basic research areas like bioinformatics.

Fertility outcome analysis after modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis

Modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis is an alternative for microsurgical anastomosis via laparotomy to reverse sterilization in women with renewed child wish.The current study aims to evaluate the fertility outcome after modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis.A retrospective study was performed.Fifty-eight women who underwent modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis were monitored to investigate the fertility outcome and characteristics of this new technology.Of the 58 patients,the cumulative pregnancy rate(PR)in the 42 patients with follow-up data was 23.8%(10/42),57.1%(24/42),66.7%(28/42),and 73.8%(31/42)within 6,12,24,and 36 months after surgery,respectively.The intrauterine PR was 69.0%(29/42).Two patients(4.8%)had ectopic pregnancies that occurred within 24 months of surgery;three cases ended in spontaneous abortion.The delivery rate was 83.9%(26/31).The length of operating time was 1.2
0.3 h,with a range of 1.0–2.5 h(60–145 min),and the mean time was approximately 75 min.The blood loss was relatively small,between 10 and 50 ml with an average amount of 22 ml.Thus,the modified laparoscopic tubal anastomosis is a highly successful procedure and a viable alternative to open abdominal microsurgical approaches.Compared with the traditional laparoscopic tubal sterilization reversal,this modified approach has three advantages:(1)less invasive approach via a trocar reduction;(2)remodeling of tube is better performing tied together after 3–4 sutures;and(3)faster operating time.