Caprini血栓评估模型和RCOG指南评分预测围产期孕产妇静脉血栓栓塞症风险的价值比较

目的比较Caprini血栓评估模型和英国皇家妇产科学院(the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,RCOG)指南评分对孕产妇围产期静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)发生风险的预测价值。方法对2014年2月—2020年2月于复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院妇产科就诊的孕产妇资料进行回顾性分析,将围产期发生VTE的347名孕产妇纳入病例组;按1∶4的比例随机选择同期未发生VTE的1391名孕产妇纳入对照组。对两组孕产妇分别采用Caprini血栓评估模型及RCOG指南评分进行VTE风险评估,比较两者预测效果。结果Caprini血栓评估模型对入组孕产妇产前VTE等级分层的结果相较于产后评估结果明显偏低(χ^(2)=937.268,P<0.001);RCOG指南评分对入组孕产妇产前VTE等级分层的结果较产后评估结果同样偏低(χ^(2)=1324.195,P<0.001);ROC曲线显示产前Caprini血栓评估模型和RCOG指南评分的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)差异无统计学意义(0.671±0.017 vs.0.689±0.018,P=0.4567);产后Caprini血栓评估模型AUC结果低于RCOG指南评分AUC(0.611±0.017 vs.0.711±0.013,P<0.0001)。结论Caprini血栓评估模型和RCOG指南评分均可预测围产期孕产妇VTE的发生,但RCOG指南评分更具针对性,准确度更高,更适用于围产期孕产妇。

Comparative Study on the Efficacies of 11 Chemical Agents against Taro Soft Rot Caused by Pectobacterium aroidearum

[Objective]The paper was to screen the effective agents for effectively controlling the occurrence and prevalence of taro soft rot.[Method]The fungicidal effects of 11 fungicides on taro soft rot were determined by inhibition zone method.[Result]0.3%Tetramycin,25%bromothalonil,3%Zhongshengmycin and 30%zinc thiazole had better antifungal effect on Pectobacterium aroidearum at recommended concentration.The indoor toxicity of four fungicides showed that the EC50 of 0.3%tetramycin AS was the smallest of 0.6μg/mL,indicating that tetramycin had the largest toxicity and the best inhibitory effect against P.aroidearum;followed by 25%bromothalonil EC and 3%Zhongshengmycin WP,with the EC_(50) of 2.57 and 97.72μg/mL,respectively;the inhibitory effect of 30%zinc thiazole SC against P.aroidearum was the poorest.[Conclusion]The study provides a reference for screening out new and efficient chemical agents against taro soft rot.

肥胖发病率与多项运动能力间的前瞻性队列研究

目的:解析青少年肥胖与综合性运动能力间的关系,为制定运动处方提供指向性依据。方法:对重庆市西南大学附属中学211名全体在校初中生进行测试。应用中国学龄前儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI分类标准筛查学生肥胖,按照全国学生体质健康调研检测细则的要求测定学生50m跑、立定跳远、肌力、耐力跑、坐位体前屈以及学生的身高、体重,分析肥胖对学生身体素质的影响。结果:肥胖检出率为8.1%。BMI与除坐位体前屈外的身体素质指标存在显著的相关性(P<0.05),肥胖组学生的各项运动能力指标的成绩均低于非肥胖组学生。结论:肥胖与学生的运动能力具有显著的相关性,降低肥胖的发病率可以很好地提升运动能力,学校可以通过采取综合措施,促进学生各项身体素质的综合发展。

Facile synthesis and functionalization of fluoranthenes via intramolecular[4+2]annulations between thiophenes and alkynes

Fluoranthenes have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties and extensive applications.Although several synthetic methodologies have been developed for the preparation of fluoranthene derivatives,it is still unfavorable to functionalize the fluoranthene framework at different positions due to the relatively low selectivity and reactivity.Herein,a catalyst-free intramolecular[4+2]annulation between thiophenes and alkynes is developed towards the synthesis of fluoranthenes.Altogether 20 examples have been demonstrated using this method.Various functional groups can be precisely introduced into the fluoranthene skeleton at different positions by simply tuning the substituents on the thiophenes and alkynes.The conjugation of the fluoranthene can be facilely extended through different directions.Furthermore,the feasibility of this[4+2]annulation reaction is also investigated by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,this protocol provides not only a synthetic methodology towards fluoranthenes with substituents functionalized at different positions,but also an effective pathway to construct large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing fluoranthene moieties.

Facile Synthesis of S-Fused Multi-Membered Polycyclic Heterocycles:A Construction Strategy towards Thermally Stable Thiepine Derivatives

S-fused heterocycles have become popular building blocks to construct functional polycyclic compounds.In contrast to the abundant synthetic methodologies for thiophene-fused aromatics,the synthesis of S-heterocycles containing six-membered thiopyran and seven-membered thiepine rings is much less reported owing to their unfavorable synthetic protocols and the thermal instabilities.Herein,a series of thiepine-containing polycyclic S-heterocycles have been successfully synthesized via different synthetic routes which involve initial construction of sulfur bridges and final ring-closure reactions.Therefore,the dilithium intermediates are ex-cluded,which facilitates the fusion on the thiepine ring with different S-heterocycles,including thiophene and thiopyran derivatives.Typically,a S-fused multi-membered polycyclic compound simultaneously involving thiophen,thiopyran,and thiepine rings has been successfully prepared.Interestingly,nucleus-independent chemical shift calculations reveal that the incorporated thiopyran and thiepine rings demonstrate aromatic and nonaromatic characteristics,respectively.Moreover,the thermal stabilities of the thiepine derivatives have been tremendously improved after the fusion on the three vinyl groups in the thiepine unit,which is attributed to the enhancements of the activation energies for the S-extrusion reactions,as revealed by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,our findings not only provide a facile synthetic methodology for S-fused multi-membered polycyclic heterocycles,but also furnish a novel construction strategy towards thermally stable thiepine derivatives.