Orange-derived extracellular vesicles nanodrugs for efficient treatment of ovarian cancer assisted by transcytosis effect

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have recently received much attention about the application of drug carriers due to their desirable properties such as nano-size,biocompatibility,and high stability.Herein,we demonstrate orange-derived extracellular vesicles(OEV)nanodrugs(DN@OEV)by modifying cRGD-targeted doxorubicin(DOX)nanoparticles(DN)onto the surface of OEV,enabling significantly enhancing tumor accumulation and penetration,thereby efficiently inhibiting the growth of ovarian cancer.The obtained DN@OEV enabled to inducement of greater transcytosis capability in ovarian cancer cells,which presented the average above 10-fold transcytosis effect compared with individual DN.It was found that DN@OEV could trigger receptor-mediated endocytosis to promote early endosome/recycling endosomes pathway for exocytosis and simultaneously reduce degradation in the early endosomes-late endosomes-lysosome pathway,thereby inducing the enhanced transcytosis.In particular,the zombie mouse model bearing orthotopic ovarian cancer further validated DN@OEV presented high accumulation and penetration in tumor tissue by the transcytosis process.Our study indicated the strategy in enhancing transcytosis has significant implications for improving the therapeutic efficacy of thedrugdelivery system.

Undetected Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older People--6 Provincial-Level Administrative Divisions,China,2015−2016

What is already known about this topic?Dementia affects approximately 5.3%of the population aged over 60 years in China—an estimated more than 10 million elderly people.Many older adults living with dementia have not been formally diagnosed,and a previous study found a peak of 93.1%of dementia patients during 2007–2011 remained undetected.What is added by this report?The latest undetected dementia rate and differences between urban and rural areas were estimated in this study based on a large nationwide study carried out in China in 2015–2016.The overall proportion of undetected dementia was 85.8%,75.0%in males,90.4%in females,77.5%in urban residents,and 93.5%in rural residents.What are the implications for public health practice?Efforts should be made to increase the awareness of dementia in the public,to improve the capacity of early recognition of dementia by primary care physicians in community settings,and also to improve the local diagnostic capability of dementia.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Fracture Among Children Aged 6-17 Years-China,2019-2021

Summary What is already known about this topic?Fractures are a common and serious injury among children.While many studies have utilized clinical data,there is a lack of large-scale community-based research in China.What is added by this report?This cross-sectional study provides national and regionally representative data on the prevalence of fractures among Chinese children aged 6–17 years(6.93%),with higher rates observed in males than in females(8.13%vs.5.71%)and in rural areas compared to urban areas(7.22%vs.6.62%).The most common site of fracture was the upper limbs(4.24%,accounting for 63.0%of fractures).What are the implications for public health practice?The need to enhance awareness of fracture prevention is critical,particularly for children in rural areas and males in middle childhood.We recommend that local authorities increase investments in educational programs and child safety oversight.Additionally,promoting balanced diets for children,training in proper exercise techniques,and reinforcing participation in outdoor sports are essential.

Hearing Loss and Cognitive Impairment Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults-Liaoning,Henan,and Guangdong Provinces,China,2019-2020

Summary What is already known about this topic?Many studies have shown that hearing loss(HL)is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia,but there are still limited studies on this association among Chinese older adults.What is added by this report?Based on the results of pure-tone audiometry tests,HL is associated with cognitive impairment in communitydwelling older adults.The odds ratios(ORs)were 1.23(1.08–1.40)for mild HL,1.55(1.32–1.82)for moderate HL,and 1.87(1.47–2.39)for severe or profound HL.What are the implications for public health practice?Enhanced public awareness of hearing protection is important for preventing cognitive impairment.It is advocated to promote the screening of HL and cognitive function assessment in elderly health examinations or management in primary care services.

Hearing Loss and Depressive Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults-Liaoning,Henan,and Guangdong Provinces,China,2019-2020

Summary What is already known about this topic?More than half of Chinese older adults over 60 are suffering from hearing loss(HL),which might increase the risk of depressive symptoms.What is added by this report?The results indicated a significant association between severe or profound HL and depressive symptoms,characterized by notable age and gender disparities,particularly among women aged 60–74 years old.What are the implications for public health practice?Timely intervention and treatment for elderly individuals with HL,particularly younger female elders suffering from severe or profound HL,are pivotal in reducing depressive symptom rates and are key policy considerations.