Effects of dietary management combined with exercise interventions on type 2 diabetes:A pilot before-after study in the same patient

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3500401),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82205250)and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2021QH056).

A survey on visual analysis of ocean data

A major challenge in analysis of huge amounts of ocean data is the complexity of the data and the inherent complexity of ocean dynamic processes.Interactive visual analysis serves as an efficient complementary approach for the detection of various phenomena or patterns,and correlation exploring or comparing multiple variables in researchers daily work.Firstly,this paper presents a basic concept of the ocean data produced from numerous measurement devices or computer simulations.The characteristics of ocean data and the related data processing techniques are also described.Secondly,the main tasks of ocean data analysis are introduced.Based on the main analysis tasks in the field of oceanography,the survey emphasizes related interactive visualization techniques and tools from four aspects:visualization of multiple ocean environmental elements and multivariate analysis,ocean phenomena identification and tracking,patterns or correlation discovery,ensembles and uncertainties exploration.Finally,the opportunities are discussed for future studies.

NITROGEN USE AND MANAGEMENT IN ORCHARDS AND VEGETABLE FIELDS IN CHINA: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

China is the largest producer and consumer of fruits and vegetables in the world.Although the annual planting areas of orchards and vegetable fields(OVF)account for 20%of total croplands,they consume more than 30%of the mineral nitrogen fertilizers in China and have become hotspots of reactive N emissions.Excess N fertilization has not only reduced the N use efficiency(NUE)and quality of grown fruits and vegetables but has also led to soil acidification,biodiversity loss and climate change.Studies using 15N labeling analysis showed that the recovery rate of N fertilizer in OVFs was only 16.6%,and a high proportion of fertilizer N resided in soils(48.3%)or was lost to the environment(35.1%).Nitrate accumulation in the soil of OVFs is the main fate of N fertilizer in northern China,which threatens groundwater quality,while leaching and denitrification are the important N fates of N fertilizer in southern China.Therefore,taking different measures to reduce N loss and increase NUE based on the main pathways of N loss in the various regions is urgent,including rational N fertilization,substituting mineral N fertilizers with organic fertilizers,fertigation,and adding mineral N fertilizers with urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors.