Objective:To characterize diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP)-changes in primary open-angle glaucoma by reproducing IOPs based on patient posture. Methods: In 148 patients with untreated primary open-angle glaucoma who...Objective:To characterize diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP)-changes in primary open-angle glaucoma by reproducing IOPs based on patient posture. Methods: In 148 patients with untreated primary open-angle glaucoma who had IOPs recorded during clinic hours that were less than 21 mm Hg (average,14.8± 3.2 mm Hg),we measured IOP by noncontact tonometry every 2 hours from 6 AM to midnight and every 3 hours from midnight to 6 AM with patients sitting and supine. The IOP was reproduced by designating the sitting IOP as measurements taken when the patient was awake and the supine IOP as measurements taken when the patient was asleep for each individual. The reproduced diurnal IOP was composed of 12 measurements that included 2 to 4 IOP levels measured with the patients supine and the rest while they were sitting. Results: The peak of sitting diurnal IOP (mean± SD) for 148 patients was 16.0± 2.7 mm Hg,which was significantly lower than the peak of supine IOP (18.9± 3.9 mm Hg) or the reproduced IOP (17.5± 3.6 mm Hg) (P < .001 for both comparisons). The average reproduced IOP at each measurement time peaked at 3 AM during sleep; with sitting diurnal IOP or supine diurnal IOP,the peak IOPs were at noon. Twenty-nine patients (20% ) with an IOP less than 21mmHg during clinic hours had a reproduced IOP of 21mmHg or greater while asleep,compared with only 5 patients (3% ) when the patients were sitting only. Conclusions: In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and IOPs less than 21 mm Hg during clinic hours,20% of patients had a reproduced IOP of 21 mm Hg or greater,compared with only 3% who had an IOP of 21 mm Hg or greater while sitting. Intraocular pressures peaked in most patients during sleep.展开更多
CD3δdeficiency is a recently identified rare form of severe combined immunode ficiency. We analysed the CD3δgene in a Japanese family with severe combined im munodeficiency. The patients lacked T-cells with normal n...CD3δdeficiency is a recently identified rare form of severe combined immunode ficiency. We analysed the CD3δgene in a Japanese family with severe combined im munodeficiency. The patients lacked T-cells with normal numbers of B-cells and natural killer cells in peripheral blood. We found a novel homozygous mutation in the splicing acceptor site of intron 2 (IVS2-2A→G) in these patients. Analy sis of patients’mononuclear cells revealed the CD3δsplicing abnormality. Chest X-ray films and computed tomography revealed small sized thymuses in these pat ients. Conclusion:The CD3δgene should be analysed in patients with severe combi ned immunodeficiency lacking T-cells with normal B-and natural killer cells ir respective of the thymus size.展开更多
文摘Objective:To characterize diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP)-changes in primary open-angle glaucoma by reproducing IOPs based on patient posture. Methods: In 148 patients with untreated primary open-angle glaucoma who had IOPs recorded during clinic hours that were less than 21 mm Hg (average,14.8± 3.2 mm Hg),we measured IOP by noncontact tonometry every 2 hours from 6 AM to midnight and every 3 hours from midnight to 6 AM with patients sitting and supine. The IOP was reproduced by designating the sitting IOP as measurements taken when the patient was awake and the supine IOP as measurements taken when the patient was asleep for each individual. The reproduced diurnal IOP was composed of 12 measurements that included 2 to 4 IOP levels measured with the patients supine and the rest while they were sitting. Results: The peak of sitting diurnal IOP (mean± SD) for 148 patients was 16.0± 2.7 mm Hg,which was significantly lower than the peak of supine IOP (18.9± 3.9 mm Hg) or the reproduced IOP (17.5± 3.6 mm Hg) (P < .001 for both comparisons). The average reproduced IOP at each measurement time peaked at 3 AM during sleep; with sitting diurnal IOP or supine diurnal IOP,the peak IOPs were at noon. Twenty-nine patients (20% ) with an IOP less than 21mmHg during clinic hours had a reproduced IOP of 21mmHg or greater while asleep,compared with only 5 patients (3% ) when the patients were sitting only. Conclusions: In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and IOPs less than 21 mm Hg during clinic hours,20% of patients had a reproduced IOP of 21 mm Hg or greater,compared with only 3% who had an IOP of 21 mm Hg or greater while sitting. Intraocular pressures peaked in most patients during sleep.
文摘CD3δdeficiency is a recently identified rare form of severe combined immunode ficiency. We analysed the CD3δgene in a Japanese family with severe combined im munodeficiency. The patients lacked T-cells with normal numbers of B-cells and natural killer cells in peripheral blood. We found a novel homozygous mutation in the splicing acceptor site of intron 2 (IVS2-2A→G) in these patients. Analy sis of patients’mononuclear cells revealed the CD3δsplicing abnormality. Chest X-ray films and computed tomography revealed small sized thymuses in these pat ients. Conclusion:The CD3δgene should be analysed in patients with severe combi ned immunodeficiency lacking T-cells with normal B-and natural killer cells ir respective of the thymus size.
