Flexoelectricity is a general electromechanical phenomenon where the electric polarization exhibits a linear dependency to the gradient of mechanical strain and vice versa.The truncated pyramid compression test is amo...Flexoelectricity is a general electromechanical phenomenon where the electric polarization exhibits a linear dependency to the gradient of mechanical strain and vice versa.The truncated pyramid compression test is among the most common setups to estimate the flexoelectric effect.We present a three-dimensional isogeometric formulation of flexoelectricity with its MATLAB implementation for a truncated pyramid setup.Besides educational purposes,this paper presents a precise computational model to illustrate how the localization of strain gradients around pyramidal boundary shapes contributes in generation of electrical energy.The MATLAB code is supposed to help learners in the Isogeometric Analysis and Finite Elements Methods community to learn how to solve a fully coupled problem,which requires higher order approximations,numerically.The complete MATLAB code which is available as source code distributed under a BSD-style license,is provided in the part of Supplementary Materials of the paper.展开更多
The successful discovery and isolation of graphene in 2004,and the subsequent synthesis of layered semiconductors and heterostructures beyond graphene have led to the exploding field of two-dimensional(2D)materials th...The successful discovery and isolation of graphene in 2004,and the subsequent synthesis of layered semiconductors and heterostructures beyond graphene have led to the exploding field of two-dimensional(2D)materials that explore their growth,new atomic-scale physics,and potential device applications.This review aims to provide an overview of theoretical,computational,and machine learning methods and tools at multiple length and time scales,and discuss how they can be utilized to assist/guide the design and synthesis of 2D materials beyond graphene.展开更多
基金Hamid Ghasemi acknowledge the support of the Mechanical Engineering department at Arak University of Technology.Xiaoying Zhuang gratefully acknowledge the financial support by European Research Council for COTOFLEXI project(802205)Harold Park acknowledges the support of the Mechanical Engineering department at Boston University.Timon Rabczuk gratefully acknowledge financial support by the 2019 Foreign Experts Plan of Hebei Province.
文摘Flexoelectricity is a general electromechanical phenomenon where the electric polarization exhibits a linear dependency to the gradient of mechanical strain and vice versa.The truncated pyramid compression test is among the most common setups to estimate the flexoelectric effect.We present a three-dimensional isogeometric formulation of flexoelectricity with its MATLAB implementation for a truncated pyramid setup.Besides educational purposes,this paper presents a precise computational model to illustrate how the localization of strain gradients around pyramidal boundary shapes contributes in generation of electrical energy.The MATLAB code is supposed to help learners in the Isogeometric Analysis and Finite Elements Methods community to learn how to solve a fully coupled problem,which requires higher order approximations,numerically.The complete MATLAB code which is available as source code distributed under a BSD-style license,is provided in the part of Supplementary Materials of the paper.
基金K.M.and L.Q.C.are partially supported by the Hamer Professorship at Penn State,Louisiana Tech University,the National Science Foundation 2D Crystal Consortium-Material Innovation Platform(2DCC-MIP)under NSF cooperative agreement DMR-1539916the NSF-CAREER under NSF cooperative agreement CBET-1943857+1 种基金Y.Z.J.is supported by the I/UCRC Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings(ATOMIC)seed project SP001-17 and the 2DCC-MIP.This project is also partly supported by DoE-ARPA-E OPEN,NASA-EPSCoR,Louisiana EPSCoR-OIA-1541079(NSF(2018)-CIMMSeed-18 and NSF(2018)-CIMMSeed-19),and LEQSF(2015-18)-LaSPACE.J.W.J.is supported by the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts of China,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Number 11822206the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission under Grant Number 2017-01-07-00-09-E00019.
文摘The successful discovery and isolation of graphene in 2004,and the subsequent synthesis of layered semiconductors and heterostructures beyond graphene have led to the exploding field of two-dimensional(2D)materials that explore their growth,new atomic-scale physics,and potential device applications.This review aims to provide an overview of theoretical,computational,and machine learning methods and tools at multiple length and time scales,and discuss how they can be utilized to assist/guide the design and synthesis of 2D materials beyond graphene.
