We read with interest the case report by Liu et al and the correspondence by Tuna et al regarding this case. Liu et al described hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaafter wi...We read with interest the case report by Liu et al and the correspondence by Tuna et al regarding this case. Liu et al described hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaafter withdrawal of lamivudine prophylaxis. When HBV reactivation was observed three months after lamivudine withdrawal, entecavir 0.5 mg daily was started. HBV DNA level was moderately elevated(104 copies/m L) at that time. So, we could not understand why a potent antiviral like entecavir was required for this case. In addition to this, entecavir must be used at a dose of 1 mg in patients with prior prophylactic treatment with lamivudine. As stated by Tuna et al duration of lamivudine prophylaxis in this case might be insufficient and HBV reactivation might have occured for this reason. So, we suppose that resolution of HBV reactivation might also be achieved with lamivudine instead of entecavir in this case.展开更多
Acute pyelonephritis is a serious infection in pregnancy. It is presented with fever, shaking chills and flank pain. Intravenous hydration and antimicrobial therapy are sufficient in the treatment unless pyelonephriti...Acute pyelonephritis is a serious infection in pregnancy. It is presented with fever, shaking chills and flank pain. Intravenous hydration and antimicrobial therapy are sufficient in the treatment unless pyelonephritis is complicated. In case of fever persisting for more than 48 h despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment, a possible complication such as urinary tract obstruction, abscess or phlegmon should be considered. Here, we present an 18-year-old pregnant woman with acute pyelonephritis whose persistent fever returned to normal after double-J ureteral stent was placed even if she had no finding of such a complication.展开更多
Rationale:There are many cases of daily reported dog bite injuries around the world.However,craniofacial fractures owing to dog bites are quite rare.They are frequently seen in the pediatric age group.Here,we report t...Rationale:There are many cases of daily reported dog bite injuries around the world.However,craniofacial fractures owing to dog bites are quite rare.They are frequently seen in the pediatric age group.Here,we report the successful management of a pediatric patient with depression skull fracture due to a dog bite injury.Patient’s concerns:A 3-year-old boy was admitted to the emergency department with a complicated skull fracture due to a dog bite injury.In physical examination,the patient was neurologically intact.He had hemorrhagic scalp wounds.Cerebrospinal fluid was leaking on the right temporal and frontal sides.Diagnosis:Cranial computed tomography revealed pneumocephalus,brain edema,and compound fracture associated with right frontal concussion.Intervention:After decompressive craniectomy,duraplasty was performed by placing a galea graft.Depressed fractures were removed and subdural bleeding control was provided.Outcomes:Perioperative and postoperative periods were uneventful.Lessons:Emergency medicine physicians should control possible underlying fracture lines in pediatric head trauma caused by dog bites.展开更多
Dear Editor,In a recent article,Babazadehet al.investigated the cost of postexposure rabies prophylaxis which is a signifant issue on the epidemiology of acute animal bites(1)However,I have some comments regarding to ...Dear Editor,In a recent article,Babazadehet al.investigated the cost of postexposure rabies prophylaxis which is a signifant issue on the epidemiology of acute animal bites(1)However,I have some comments regarding to this article.Animal bites are often dirty wounds.So,every patient suffered from an animal bite should be evaluated for the necessity of tetanus prophylaxis,which is also an important subpart of postexposure rabies prophylaxis[2].So,the cost of tetanus prophylaxis also increases the economic burden.Information on how many patients received tetanus prophylaxis and the financial burden of this will bring a more comprehensive view.展开更多
We read the case report by Wang and colleagues with great interest.The authors linked persistent mental symptoms of the patient with rabies encephalitis.However,we think that the points listed below should be explaine...We read the case report by Wang and colleagues with great interest.The authors linked persistent mental symptoms of the patient with rabies encephalitis.However,we think that the points listed below should be explained more clearly before this diagnosis can be confirmed.1)The incubation period of rabies is only three days.It was not mentioned which body part was bitten by the dog.If the bite was close to the central nervous system,it would be especially important for development of rabies.展开更多
文摘We read with interest the case report by Liu et al and the correspondence by Tuna et al regarding this case. Liu et al described hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaafter withdrawal of lamivudine prophylaxis. When HBV reactivation was observed three months after lamivudine withdrawal, entecavir 0.5 mg daily was started. HBV DNA level was moderately elevated(104 copies/m L) at that time. So, we could not understand why a potent antiviral like entecavir was required for this case. In addition to this, entecavir must be used at a dose of 1 mg in patients with prior prophylactic treatment with lamivudine. As stated by Tuna et al duration of lamivudine prophylaxis in this case might be insufficient and HBV reactivation might have occured for this reason. So, we suppose that resolution of HBV reactivation might also be achieved with lamivudine instead of entecavir in this case.
文摘Acute pyelonephritis is a serious infection in pregnancy. It is presented with fever, shaking chills and flank pain. Intravenous hydration and antimicrobial therapy are sufficient in the treatment unless pyelonephritis is complicated. In case of fever persisting for more than 48 h despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment, a possible complication such as urinary tract obstruction, abscess or phlegmon should be considered. Here, we present an 18-year-old pregnant woman with acute pyelonephritis whose persistent fever returned to normal after double-J ureteral stent was placed even if she had no finding of such a complication.
文摘Rationale:There are many cases of daily reported dog bite injuries around the world.However,craniofacial fractures owing to dog bites are quite rare.They are frequently seen in the pediatric age group.Here,we report the successful management of a pediatric patient with depression skull fracture due to a dog bite injury.Patient’s concerns:A 3-year-old boy was admitted to the emergency department with a complicated skull fracture due to a dog bite injury.In physical examination,the patient was neurologically intact.He had hemorrhagic scalp wounds.Cerebrospinal fluid was leaking on the right temporal and frontal sides.Diagnosis:Cranial computed tomography revealed pneumocephalus,brain edema,and compound fracture associated with right frontal concussion.Intervention:After decompressive craniectomy,duraplasty was performed by placing a galea graft.Depressed fractures were removed and subdural bleeding control was provided.Outcomes:Perioperative and postoperative periods were uneventful.Lessons:Emergency medicine physicians should control possible underlying fracture lines in pediatric head trauma caused by dog bites.
文摘Dear Editor,In a recent article,Babazadehet al.investigated the cost of postexposure rabies prophylaxis which is a signifant issue on the epidemiology of acute animal bites(1)However,I have some comments regarding to this article.Animal bites are often dirty wounds.So,every patient suffered from an animal bite should be evaluated for the necessity of tetanus prophylaxis,which is also an important subpart of postexposure rabies prophylaxis[2].So,the cost of tetanus prophylaxis also increases the economic burden.Information on how many patients received tetanus prophylaxis and the financial burden of this will bring a more comprehensive view.
文摘We read the case report by Wang and colleagues with great interest.The authors linked persistent mental symptoms of the patient with rabies encephalitis.However,we think that the points listed below should be explained more clearly before this diagnosis can be confirmed.1)The incubation period of rabies is only three days.It was not mentioned which body part was bitten by the dog.If the bite was close to the central nervous system,it would be especially important for development of rabies.
