Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing _(max)imal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))response to sprint interval training(SIT)vs.moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)are associated with a high risk of bia...Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing _(max)imal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))response to sprint interval training(SIT)vs.moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting quality.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO_(2max) between SIT and MICT.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases:AMED,CINAHL,EMBASE,and MEDLINE.Studies were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised,lasted less than 2 weeks,or utilized mixed exercise modalities.We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSORT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality,respectively.Results:Twenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons(3 studies included 2 SIT groups)were included in our meta-analysis(n=360 SIT participants:body mass index(BMI)=25.9±3.7 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=37.9±8.0 mL/kg/min;n=359 MICT participants:BMI=25.5±3.8 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=38.3±8.0 mL/kg/min;all mean±SD).All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting quality.Conclusion:Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MICT for improving VO_(2max)(weighted Hedge’s g=0.004,95%con-fidence interval(95%CI):-0.08 to 0.07),the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into question.Future studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MICT result in similar changes in VO_(2max).展开更多
High-intensity and sprint interval training(HIIT and SIT,respectively)enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of intense i...High-intensity and sprint interval training(HIIT and SIT,respectively)enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of intense interval training on glycemic control include both improvements seen in the hours to days following a single session of HIIT/SIT and those which accrue with chronic training.Skeletal muscle is the largest site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and plays an integral role in the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control.Here we summarize the skeletal muscle responses that contribute to improved glycemic control during and following a single session of interval exercise and evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle remodelling and improved insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT training interventions.Recent evidence suggests that targeting skeletal muscle mechanisms via nutritional interventions around exercise,particularly with carbohydrate manipulation,can enhance the acute glycemic benefits of HIIT.There is also some evidence of sex-based differences in the glycemic benefits of intense interval exercise,with blunted responses observed after training in females relative to males.Differences in skeletal muscle metabolism between males and females may contribute to sex differences in insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT,but well-controlled studies evaluating purported muscle mechanisms alongside measurement of insulin sensitivity are needed.Given the greater representation of males in muscle physiology literature,there is also a need for more research involving female-only cohorts to enhance our basic understanding of how intense interval training influences muscle insulin sensitivity in females across the lifespan.展开更多
基金supported by an operating grant from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERCgrant number:402635) to BJG+2 种基金JTB was supported by a NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate ScholarshipHI was supported by NSERC PGS-DNP was supported by NSERC CGS-M。
文摘Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing _(max)imal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))response to sprint interval training(SIT)vs.moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting quality.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO_(2max) between SIT and MICT.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases:AMED,CINAHL,EMBASE,and MEDLINE.Studies were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised,lasted less than 2 weeks,or utilized mixed exercise modalities.We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSORT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality,respectively.Results:Twenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons(3 studies included 2 SIT groups)were included in our meta-analysis(n=360 SIT participants:body mass index(BMI)=25.9±3.7 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=37.9±8.0 mL/kg/min;n=359 MICT participants:BMI=25.5±3.8 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=38.3±8.0 mL/kg/min;all mean±SD).All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting quality.Conclusion:Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MICT for improving VO_(2max)(weighted Hedge’s g=0.004,95%con-fidence interval(95%CI):-0.08 to 0.07),the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into question.Future studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MICT result in similar changes in VO_(2max).
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2020-05779).
文摘High-intensity and sprint interval training(HIIT and SIT,respectively)enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of intense interval training on glycemic control include both improvements seen in the hours to days following a single session of HIIT/SIT and those which accrue with chronic training.Skeletal muscle is the largest site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and plays an integral role in the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control.Here we summarize the skeletal muscle responses that contribute to improved glycemic control during and following a single session of interval exercise and evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle remodelling and improved insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT training interventions.Recent evidence suggests that targeting skeletal muscle mechanisms via nutritional interventions around exercise,particularly with carbohydrate manipulation,can enhance the acute glycemic benefits of HIIT.There is also some evidence of sex-based differences in the glycemic benefits of intense interval exercise,with blunted responses observed after training in females relative to males.Differences in skeletal muscle metabolism between males and females may contribute to sex differences in insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT,but well-controlled studies evaluating purported muscle mechanisms alongside measurement of insulin sensitivity are needed.Given the greater representation of males in muscle physiology literature,there is also a need for more research involving female-only cohorts to enhance our basic understanding of how intense interval training influences muscle insulin sensitivity in females across the lifespan.
