Background: There are no surrogate serum markers for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). An AIH scoring system was reported by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group; however...Background: There are no surrogate serum markers for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). An AIH scoring system was reported by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group; however, the criteria did not focus on making the distinction between AIH and NAFLD. We examined the effectiveness of using the AIH score for diagnosing AIH in NAFLD patients. We also identified the prevalence of autoimmune phenomena, in terms of various auto-antibodies, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA), to determine whether these markers had any clinicopathological significance, and whether they were related to the patients’clinical courses. Methods: We studied 212 patients (103 males and 109 females) with biopsy-proven NAFLD. The AIH score of each patient was calculated without including the liver biopsy results. The patients were divided into three groups based on their clinicopathological features: the overlap group (those with clinical and histological features of both NAFLD and AIH), the systemic group (those with systemic antoimmune disease other than AIH), and the “other" group (patients with no antoimmune disease). To evaluate the clinicopathological significance of ANA in NAFLD patients, those without autoimmune diseases (the “others" group)were classified according to their ANA positivity and ANA titer. Results: Seventy patients (33.0%) were positive for ANA. Among the female patients, 106 patients (97.2%) had an AIH score of 10 or more. Of the 103 male patients, 21 (20.4%) had an AIH score of 10 or more. However, after liver biopsy, only 1 patient (0.5%) could be classified as “definite AIH". In the NAFLD patients without autoimmune diseases (“other" group), multivariate logistic regression analysis found that female sex was an independent predictor of the presence of ANA (P = 0.029). In contrast, multivariate logistic regression analysis found that severe obesity (body mass index [BMI], ≥30kg/m2) was the only independent predictor of the presence of an ANA titer of 1∶80 or more (P = 0.026). Conclusions: The AIH score without liver biopsy findings was not useful for diagnosing AIH in NAFLD patients. In patients with elevated ANA titers and risk factors for NAFLD, it is very important to perform a liver biopsy to make a definitive diagnosis before treatment.展开更多
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease characterized by the histological features of steatohepatitis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption. The natural history of NASH is poorly defined. He...Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease characterized by the histological features of steatohepatitis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption. The natural history of NASH is poorly defined. Here we report our experience with a patient to illustrate the clinical course of cirrhotic NASH. A 67-year-old woman was admitted with hematemesis due to the rupture of esophageal varices. Her varices were treated by endoscopic ligation and en doscopic sclerotherapy. Her medical history was unremarkable. Both the patient and her family members were asked about alcohol intake several times during her illness, but all of them denied a history of alcohol intake. She had insulin resistance, as determined by homeostasis model assessment. Serological tests for viral hepatitis were all negative. Viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, iron overload, and metabolic liver disorders were all excluded. Imaging tests failed to reveal any steatosis, because of the presence of severe fibrosis. Liver biopsy showed moderate steatosis, moderate inflammation, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory bodies. We diagnosed NASH associated with cirrhosis based on the clinicopathological features. Almost 2 years later, she developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and she died of multiple HCCs. At autopsy, tumor invasion was seen throughout liver segment 8. The noncancerous liver showed burnt-out NASH; the steatosis, necroinflammation, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory bodies had all disappeared. In Japan, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease will increase as obesity has been increasing, so it is important to understand how to diagnose NASH. When a patient has NASH, careful follow-up should be performed.展开更多
文摘Background: There are no surrogate serum markers for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). An AIH scoring system was reported by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group; however, the criteria did not focus on making the distinction between AIH and NAFLD. We examined the effectiveness of using the AIH score for diagnosing AIH in NAFLD patients. We also identified the prevalence of autoimmune phenomena, in terms of various auto-antibodies, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA), to determine whether these markers had any clinicopathological significance, and whether they were related to the patients’clinical courses. Methods: We studied 212 patients (103 males and 109 females) with biopsy-proven NAFLD. The AIH score of each patient was calculated without including the liver biopsy results. The patients were divided into three groups based on their clinicopathological features: the overlap group (those with clinical and histological features of both NAFLD and AIH), the systemic group (those with systemic antoimmune disease other than AIH), and the “other" group (patients with no antoimmune disease). To evaluate the clinicopathological significance of ANA in NAFLD patients, those without autoimmune diseases (the “others" group)were classified according to their ANA positivity and ANA titer. Results: Seventy patients (33.0%) were positive for ANA. Among the female patients, 106 patients (97.2%) had an AIH score of 10 or more. Of the 103 male patients, 21 (20.4%) had an AIH score of 10 or more. However, after liver biopsy, only 1 patient (0.5%) could be classified as “definite AIH". In the NAFLD patients without autoimmune diseases (“other" group), multivariate logistic regression analysis found that female sex was an independent predictor of the presence of ANA (P = 0.029). In contrast, multivariate logistic regression analysis found that severe obesity (body mass index [BMI], ≥30kg/m2) was the only independent predictor of the presence of an ANA titer of 1∶80 or more (P = 0.026). Conclusions: The AIH score without liver biopsy findings was not useful for diagnosing AIH in NAFLD patients. In patients with elevated ANA titers and risk factors for NAFLD, it is very important to perform a liver biopsy to make a definitive diagnosis before treatment.
文摘Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease characterized by the histological features of steatohepatitis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption. The natural history of NASH is poorly defined. Here we report our experience with a patient to illustrate the clinical course of cirrhotic NASH. A 67-year-old woman was admitted with hematemesis due to the rupture of esophageal varices. Her varices were treated by endoscopic ligation and en doscopic sclerotherapy. Her medical history was unremarkable. Both the patient and her family members were asked about alcohol intake several times during her illness, but all of them denied a history of alcohol intake. She had insulin resistance, as determined by homeostasis model assessment. Serological tests for viral hepatitis were all negative. Viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, iron overload, and metabolic liver disorders were all excluded. Imaging tests failed to reveal any steatosis, because of the presence of severe fibrosis. Liver biopsy showed moderate steatosis, moderate inflammation, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory bodies. We diagnosed NASH associated with cirrhosis based on the clinicopathological features. Almost 2 years later, she developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and she died of multiple HCCs. At autopsy, tumor invasion was seen throughout liver segment 8. The noncancerous liver showed burnt-out NASH; the steatosis, necroinflammation, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory bodies had all disappeared. In Japan, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease will increase as obesity has been increasing, so it is important to understand how to diagnose NASH. When a patient has NASH, careful follow-up should be performed.
