Comparison of the effects of bevacizumab and ranibizumab injection on corneal angiogenesis in an alkali burn induced model

·AIM:To investigate the effects of bevacizumab and ranibizumab on corneal neovascularization in an alkali burn-induced model of corneal angiogenesis. ·METHODS:Fifteen Wistar-Albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups after chemical cauterization of the cornea. The first group received a single dose of 0.1mL saline solution as a control group whereas second and third groups received a single dose of 2.5mg bevacizumab or 1mg ranibizumab by subconjunctival injection, respectively. After three weeks, the rat corneas were evaluated by biomicroscopy and corneal photographs were taken. The percentage of neovascularization area, length of the longest new vessel, corneal oedema and corneal opacity scores were assessed. ·RESULTS:The analysis of digital photographs showed that the percentage of neovascularization area to the total corneal area, the length of the longest new vessel, corneal oedema and opacity scores were significantly lower in both study groups compared to the control group (P <0.05). Additionally, the percentage of corneal neovascularization area, the length of the longest new vessel and corneal opacity score were less with bevacizumab than ranibizumab. ·CONCLUSION:Subconjunctival bevacizumab and ranibizumab treatments may be effective methods in reducing corneal neovascularization. Furthermore, bevacizumab is more effective than ranibizumab in the inhibition of corneal neovascularization.

Total oxidative stress, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels at patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

AIMTo investigate the oxidative stress status of the aqueous humor and serum of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) and to measure paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase (ARE) levels.METHODSA total of 78 patients were enrolled in the study, with 26 patients in each separate group. The patients were divided into three groups: the first group entailed PEX syndrome patients, while the second group consisted of patients with PEG and the third group involved patients with no additional systemic diseases, other than the diagnosis of cataract as control. Total oxidative stress (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), PON, and ARE levels in aqueous humor and serum were measured.RESULTSTAC, PON and arylesterase levels in aqueous humor and serum of the PEX syndrome and PEG patients were significantly decreased compared with control group (P&#x0003c;0.05). TOS values were higher in patients with PEX syndrome and PEG than controls (P&#x0003c;0.05). TAC, PON and ARE levels of aqueous humor did not differ significantly between the PEX syndrome and PEG groupsCONCLUSIONThese findings are potentially of significance and add to the growing body of evidence for oxidative stress in PEX syndrome and PEG. Decreased antioxidant defense and increased oxidative stress system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PEX syndrome and PEG.

Protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on laser induced retinopathy

AIM:To investigate the side effects of the commonly used laser treatment along with testing the neuroprotective effect of bFGF on a potential retinal impairment.METHODS:To do this,30 chinchilla pigmented adult male rabbits were divided into the control and experimental groups.The control and experimental groups underwent both laser application and bFGF treatment.The retinal tissue impairment and its renewal rate were tested under the light and electron microscopical levels.RESULTS:The focal laser application on rabbit eyes caused morphological alterations both in the application region and in the neighbouring areas.In the damaged areas,the outer nuclear layer of the neural retina was almost disappeared,retina pigment epithelium was interrupted,the retina pigment epithelium migrated intraretinally,and the damaged region along with neighbouring areas seemed to be not separated.bFGF application just after the laser photocoagulation,revealed better results in application areas.CONCLUSION:It could be suggested that the bFGF application following laser photocoagulation might have protective,repairing and wound healing effects on the retina.

Effect of latanoprost/timolol and dorzolamide/tiomolol on intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification surgery

·AIM:To evalaute the effect of fixed-combination latanoprost 0.005%/timolol maleate 0.5% and dorzolamide hydrochloride 2%/timolol maleate 0.5% on postoperative intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification cataract surgery.·METHODS:This study is a prospective,randomized,double-masked and placebo-controlled.The study included 90 eyes of 90 patients which were scheduled to have phacoemulsification surgery.Patients were randomly assigned preoperatively to 1 of 3 groups (30 eyes of 30 patients).Two hour before surgery,the patients received one drop latanoprost/timolol (group 1),dorzolamide/timolol (group 2) and placebo (group 3,control group).The IOPs were measured at preoperative and postoperative 4,8,and 24 hours.·RESULTS:The preoperative mean intraocular pressure was not statistically significant between both drug groups and control group.In group 1 and 2,the postoperative mean IOP [group1:(14.03?à3.15)mmHg and group 2:(14.16?à4.43)mmHg] at 24 hours were significantly lower than the control group [(16.93?à3.70)mmHg,(P <0.05)].In addition,the postoperative mean IOP of group 1 [(14.90±3.69)mmHg] at 8 hours was significantly lower than the control group [(17.70?à3.89)mmHg,(P <0.05)],but there was no significant difference between group 2 [(16.16?à5.23)mmHg] and control group at 8 hours (P >0.05).·CONCLUSION:When compared with placebo,the use of preoperative fixed combination of latanoprost/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol is an effective method for preventing intraocular pressure elevation in 24 hours after phacoemulsification surgery,but did not completely prevent IOP spikes.·

Prevalence of refraction errors and color blindness in heavy vehicle drivers

AIM: To investigate the frequency of eye disorders in heavy vehicle drivers.METHODS: A cross-sectional type study was conducted between November 2004 and September 2006 in 200 driver and 200 non-driver persons.A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed,including visual acuity,and dilated examination of the posterior segment.We used the auto refractometer for determining refractive errors.RESULTS: According to eye examination results,the prevalence of the refractive error was 21.5% and 31.3% in study and control groups respectively (P <0.05).The most common type of refraction error in the study group was myopic astigmatism (8.3%) while in the control group simple myopia (12.8%).Prevalence of dyschromatopsia in the rivers,control group and total group was 2.2%,2.8% and 2.6% respectively.CONCLUSION: A considerably high number of drivers are in lack of optimal visual acuity.Refraction errors in drivers may impair the traffic security.

重型车辆驾驶员中屈光不正及色盲的患病率(英文)

目的:探讨眼科疾病在重型车辆驾驶员中的患病率。方法:在2004-11/2006-09期间选取驾驶员(实验组)和非驾驶员(对照组)各200例进行眼科全面检查包括视力和后房,使用自动验光仪检查屈光不正。结果:根据检查结果,屈光不正的患病率实验组为21.5%,对照组为31.3%(P<0.05).实验组中常见类型为近视散光(8.3%),而对照组为单纯近视(12.8%)。实验组色觉障碍的患病率为2.2%,对照组为2.8%,两组总的患病率为2.6%。结论:大多数驾驶员没有具备良好的视力,其中屈光不正可以影响行驶安全。